From Socrates’ assertion that he knows nothing, to Descartes’ pronouncement that to think is to be, to Hume’s claim that all knowledge stems from the passions, to Foucault’s dismissal of all knowledge as a wielding of power, accounts of knowing have been various and conflicting. Interdisciplinary research demonstrates that knowledge does not arise in a vacuum. Scientific discoveries in the early modern period intersect with challenges to religious understanding and novel conceptions of nature, both human and other. How we know can be attributed to revelation, to philosophical contemplation, to universal empirical causalities, to culturally specific historical generations, or even to technology, the combination of techne and logos.

Topics of inquiry in the field of epistemologies might include examination of the ground of knowledge (such as cognitive, emotive, narrative, empirical), relations between knowledge and power, anthropological and sociological contexts of knowledge, gender and identity, and comparative accounts of knowledge across cultures or historical periods. This field allows for a wide range of research topics.

This field encompasses the work of those who critique social, political, and ideological structures in order to undermine and transform them. Theorists studied potentially include Karl Marx, who occupies a central place, as well as post-Marxists who point to ways in which “culture” can both reinforce bourgeois hegemony and offer a path to liberation from it. Contemporary theorists and post-modern critique of society in turn subject Marx and his successors to analysis and criticism.

Students working within this field will be encouraged to develop their own analysis and interpretation of modern critiques and post-modern critiques through exploring the possibility that historical transformation can be driven by forces that are independent of the action of intellectuals seeking social and political change.

This field bridges philosophy, literature, art, and the performing arts. While aesthetic judgments of beauty may not necessarily accord with judgments of what is true, or good, the unhinging of aesthetics from these matters brings cultural considerations to the forefront of inquiry.

Questions that might inform research in this field include the relationships between thought and art, notions of beauty and the sublime, the role of theatre in classical and democratic forums, the differences (or collapse) between high and low culture, conceptions of public and private space, and the distinction between aesthetics and reason in forming judgments

This field is focused on the use of the computer to support analysis, expression and documentation in the humanities. Research in this domain is divided into three specific streams: 1) the uses of software applications to support analysis; specific examples include the use of text mining software to support analysis in literature, and the use of Geographic Information Systems in history. 2) Devising and testing the efficacy of novel forms of representation in digital environments; the object is to devise and test new formalisms, and the tools and workflows necessary to support their expression and dissemination. 3) Conceiving, constructing and testing new platforms for representation; here platforms are defined as repositories in which objects are instantiated and disseminated. A book is a platform, so too is the scroll. Digital Humanists are currently interested in designing online platforms that house text, sound, 2D, 3D and 4D objects.