Consent is a mutual agreement between participants to engage in a specific activity. It must be given freely, without coercion, and with an understanding of what is being agreed to. Consent is a continuous process, meaning it can be revoked at any time, and it should be informed, specific, and enthusiastic. 

Sexual harassment is any unwelcome behavior of a sexual nature that creates an intimidating, hostile, or offensive environment. This can include unwanted advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal, non-verbal, or physical conduct of a sexual nature.

Gender identity is how an individual identifies themselves in terms of gender and is different from sex. Gender identity involves one’s personal sense of being male, female, non-binary or gender non-conforming, and is not based on biological criteria.

Gender-based violence (GBV) refers to harmful acts directed at an individual based on their gender. This includes physical, sexual, emotional, and psychological abuse, as well as threats, coercion, and deprivation of liberty. GBV disproportionately affects women and gender minorities and is rooted in systemic inequality and power imbalances.

Sex trafficking is a form of human trafficking where individuals are coerced, deceived, or forced into performing commercial sex acts against their will. It involves exploitation through fraud, force, or coercion, and often includes manipulation, abuse, and violence.

Sex work refers to the consensual exchange of sexual services for money or goods. Unlike sex trafficking, sex work is performed voluntarily by individuals who choose to engage in this type of labor. It’s crucial to differentiate between consensual sex work and situations of exploitation to ensure appropriate and respectful support for all individuals involved.

Supporting a friend in an abusive relationship involves creating a safe space for them to talk and being a non-judgmental listener who believes their experiences.

• It’s crucial to validate their feelings and reassure them that the abuse is not their fault. Respecting their autonomy is key, as leaving an abusive relationship can be complex and dangerous; thus, support their decisions, even if they choose to stay for now.
• Provide them with information on resources like hotlines, shelters, and support groups, and encourage them to seek professional help.
• Help them develop a safety plan that includes safe places and emergency contacts, and discuss ways to protect themselves and their children, if applicable. Help them deciding a Code-word, so that you both know when they need immediate support from you in a discreet way.

Avoid pressuring them to take action before they are ready, recognizing that they know their situation best. Regularly check in to show you care and offer practical support, such as accompanying them to appointments. Remember to take care of yourself by ensuring you have your own support system and practicing self-care.

• First, prioritize the survivor’s needs, ensuring they have access to necessary support and resources. Reflect on your own feelings and biases, recognizing the importance of accountability without minimizing the harm.  

• Create an open/non-confrontational space for your friend to share. Encourage the person who caused harm to take responsibility, understand the impact of their actions, and commit to change.   

• Recommend they seek education and support to prevent future harm. You can refer them to HRE, which can provide supportive and educational resources aimed at fostering accountability and positive change in a confidential and non-judgemental way.  

• Explain that seeking help from HRE is a courageous step towards rectifying harmful behavior and offer to assist them in making the initial contact.  

• Follow up periodically to support their journey towards accountability. By handling the situation with sensitivity and care, you can help create an environment where healing and positive change are possible for everyone involved.