Media releases

• Brock researchers explore use of AI to improve drug development

  Wednesday, July 26, 2023 | By Brock University

  MEDIA RELEASE: July 26 2023 – R0061

  Discovering and developing drugs can be slow, costly and high-risk, but harnessing advances in artificial intelligence (AI) can help with these processes, say Brock researchers.

  Yifeng Li, Canada Research Chair in Machine Learning for Biomedical Data Science, and his Computer Science master’s student Cameron Andress (BSc ’20, MSc ’23) published a recent paper on how AI can better create a drug to prevent the SARS-CoV-2 virus — responsible for contracting COVID-19 — from entering human cells compared to more conventional methods.

  “This is a unique and important piece of work in the AI for drug design community,” says Andress, who is the paper’s first author. “Our results suggest that AI is capable of producing well-suited drug candidates for a chosen virus, which can significantly accelerate the drug development process and potentially save more lives.”

  Li and his team focused on a substance called an aptamer, which can function as a drug. Aptamers are short, single-strand DNA and RNA molecules that bind strongly and exclusively to a particular protein that has been targeted to treat or prevent illness.

  Aptamer drugs are relatively new and innovative, says the Assistant Professor of Computer Science. They are stronger and more precise than therapeutics known as ‘small molecule drugs’ — such as Aspirin and penicillin — in which molecules can pass through membranes to reach the protein they are targeting.

  Aptamers are usually developed through a series of experiments in which a group of random aptamers is added to a controlled environment containing the virus. Scientists measure how well the aptamer binds to the target protein and will keep making a series of modifications until the bond is strengthened.

  Andress turned to machine learning and created a program that simulates the physical process by generating multitudes of different DNA and RNA sequences and testing how strongly and precisely they bind with the target protein.

  “AI is a new paradigm for drug discovery as it dramatically reduces development time and cost and is able to efficiently search the vast molecular space,” he says.

  Li recalls how he and Andress became interested in creating aptamer drugs to treat COVID-19 in spring 2020 during the onset of the pandemic.

  “We chose COVID-19 because of its urgent nature and long-lasting medical challenges,” says Li. “Our work is among the first to design aptamer drugs for COVID.”

  Li says the team’s model can be applied to address future health crises.

  “For future similar COVID-19 variants or other pandemics caused by other types of viruses, since we have the framework, experience and a team ready, we can replace the current spike protein with the new target protein of interest,” he says.

  For more information or for assistance arranging interviews:

  * Doug Hunt, Communications and Media Relations Specialist, Brock University dhunt2@brocku.ca or 905-941-6209

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  Categories: Media releases

• Brock expert outlines ways to create gender equity in sport marketing as Women’s World Cup kicks off

  Wednesday, July 19, 2023 | By Brock University

  EXPERT ADVISORY: July 19 2023 – R0060

  Although the lead-up to this year’s FIFA Women’s World Cup has shown promise for the future, further change is needed to create true gender equity in sport marketing, says a Brock University expert.

  The Women’s World Cup, which kicks off Thursday, July 20, is already making waves with innovative and progressive marketing campaigns, such as the United States women’s national soccer team’s roster reveal, and France’s television ad for their No. 5 FIFA-ranked women’s national team, says Laura Harris, a Research Associate in Brock’s Sport, Allyship and Inclusion Lab.

  “Even in the lead-up to the tournament, we saw the world’s top women soccer players use their collective power to stop FIFA from using Visit Saudi as the tournament’s title sponsor, which would have been extreme sportswashing of non-ideal political messaging,” she says.

  However, while it is important to celebrate the positive ways women’s sport is drawing increased investment as a genuine business and no longer a cause, it is also important to note that women’s soccer as a whole is still far from receiving equitable investment in relation to their men’s counterparts, Harris says.

  “This tournament is a massive step in the right direction, but the work is far from over.”

  While women’s sport, especially soccer, has seen groundbreaking levels of commercial investment in recent years, many sponsorship and marketing deals with women athletes are performative in nature, allowing corporations positive social gain at the expense of athlete labour exploitation, Harris says.

  A study she recently completed alongside Brock University Sport Management Professor Dawn Trussell revealed that athletes who are not the token elite with multiple lucrative partnership deals still rarely receive sponsorship contracts, and when they do, they tend to be based on the men’s sport system.

  Among the athletes included in the research, one with a two-year shoe deal had her sponsorship pulled in the second year when she moved to a better top-tier women’s team — all because her new team’s men’s equivalent wasn’t top tier themselves.

  Harris and Trussell’s research also found women soccer players were tasked with creating most of their sponsorship’s marketing content, such as social media reels and posts, without receiving compensation for their work. This allows brands to socially capitalize on an image of increasing equity while still not genuinely investing in the career sustainability of women soccer players, Harris says.

  While it will take “significant work” to address this systemic issue, she says there are several steps that teams, leagues, governing bodies and sponsors can take.

  Women’s soccer teams and leagues can ensure their athletes become verified on social media platforms, removing a hurdle for sponsorship deals.

  Governing bodies of professional women’s soccer can also enact and enforce policy to ensure that clubs that include both a men’s and women’s team receive equitable benefits from club-based sponsorship deals. Harris and Trussell’s research included instances where top athletic-wear brands would sponsor a club, but only the men received free equipment and gear, while the women still had to pay high costs to supply their own.

  Harris says companies should also sponsor more women athletes.

  “Sponsors already partnered with a handful of women athletes can expand the breadth of those they sponsor to start acting on their statements of ensuring gender equity in professional sport,” she says. “Fans will take notice and support your business more.”

  There are several significant gaps in the market, Harris says, for new brands to enter the sponsorship space, such as athletic wear, feminine hygiene, makeup and fashion.

  “Many of the women in our research expressed desires to highlight their traditionally feminine interests alongside their athletic abilities and would love to partner with brands who empower women in sport,” she says.

  Laura Harris, a Research Associate in Brock’s Sport, Allyship and Inclusion Lab, is available for media interviews on the topic.

  For more information or for assistance arranging interviews: 

  * Doug Hunt, Communications and Media Relations Specialist, Brock University dhunt2@brocku.ca or 905-941-6209

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  Categories: Media releases