2005-2006 Undergraduate Calendar

Biological Sciences  
Chair A Joffre Mercier Professors Emeriti Alan Bown, Arthur H. Houston, Ralph D. Morris, Peter Nicholls, R. Peter Rand, Donald J. Ursino Professors Michael J. Bidochka, Douglas H. Bruce, Vincenzo De Luca, Yousef Haj-Ahmad, Fiona F. Hunter, A. Joffre Mercier, Andrew G. Reynolds Associate Professors Stefan Brudzynski, Robert L. Carlone, Alan J. Castle, Isabelle Lesschaeve, Daniel McCarthy, John Middleton, Gary Pickering, Miriam H. Richards Assistant Professors Charles Després, David Gabriel, Debra L. Inglis, Sandra Peters, Jean Richardson, Adonis Skandalis, Gaynor Spencer, Jeff Stuart, Glenn Tattersall, Litsa Tsiani Adjunct Professors Margaret Cliff, Helen Fisher, Ken Giles, Frederic Marsolais, Wendy McFadden-Smith, Dan Rinker, Lorne W. Stobbs, Antonet Svircev, Lining Tian Laboratory Instructors John Ciolfi, Jacinta Dano, Diane Eaton, Ellen Maissan, George Melvin  
General Information Go to top of document
Administrative Assistants Caroline Barrow Linda DiRaddo 905-688-5550, extension 3388/3396 Mackenzie Chown MC F234 http://www.brocku.ca/biology The biological sciences, or the life sciences, encompass a broad spectrum of subjects from molecular biology to ecology as well as such disciplines as biochemistry, biophysics, genetics and physiology. The program is designed to provide the student with a broad base in modern biological thought, to fulfill the basic requirements for admission to professional and advanced degree studies and to prepare graduates for careers in the biological sciences and related fields. Although the undergraduate program provides students with flexibility in selecting the areas of biology most compatible with their interests and skills, it also ensures that students develop an overview of the major concepts and problems of modern biology as expressed at all levels of biological organization. The objectives of the undergraduate program are realized through a group of core courses in years 1 and 2, each with an associated laboratory. Laboratory classes stress the investigative approach to experimental studies. Students move progressively from structured laboratory studies to increasingly independent investigations and in the honours year undertake individual research projects. Working from the core program, students may follow a variety of curriculum patterns to satisfy their interests. Students must consult faculty advisers when planning years 3 and 4 of the BSc (Honours) and BSc with Major programs or year 3 of the BSc (Pass) program. The honours year provides students with the opportunity for either broadening their understanding of the biological sciences or for increased specialization. Ideally, the honours program provides an opportunity for the synthesis of material presented in earlier years and also provides an opportunity for independent investigative work. Each honours candidate undertakes a major research study under the direct supervision of a faculty member. Students must apply to the Department of Biological Sciences in order to be admitted to year 4 (honours).  
Program Notes Go to top of document
1.  MATH 1P01 may be substituted for MATH 1P97.  
2.  Students preparing for professional studies in health sciences should note that many such programs require completion of a laboratory physics course i.e., one credit from PHYS 1P91, 1P92 and 1P93.  
3.  One credit from PHYS 1P21, 1P22, 1P23, 1P91 is strongly recommended for students who do not have Grade 12 U or OAC Physics.  
4.  The third ancillary science credit must be numbered 1(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 and offered by a department in the Faculty of Mathematics and Science other than Biological Sciences, excluding ASTR 1F00, CHEM 1P00, ERSC 1F90, 1P92, 1P93, SCIE 1F30, BTEC courses and MATH courses numbered 1(alpha)00 to 1(alpha)99. An organic chemistry course numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 is recommended.  
5.  BIOL 2P95 does not carry major credit for the BSc (Honours) degree. Students who submit this for credit toward the BSc Pass degree must replace it with accepted BIOL credits if they subsequently enter the Honours program.  
6.  For combined BIOL/CHEM majors, CHEM 3P40 is strongly recommended for most projects in CHEM 4F90, 4F91 and should be taken in year 3 by students intending to proceed to a year 4 thesis in CHEM.  
7.  For combined BIOL/CHEM majors, honours students who elect BIOL 4F90, 4F91 and who have taken only the minimum five credits in CHEM in years 1 through 3 may experience difficulty in obtaining the necessary two additional CHEM credits in year 4.  
8.  In all 20 credit degree programs, at least 12 credits must be numbered 2(alpha)00 or above, six of which must be numbered 2(alpha)90 or above and of these, three must be numbered 3(alpha)90 or above. In all 15 credit degree programs, at least seven credits must be numbered 2(alpha)00 or above, three of which must be numbered 2(alpha)90 or above.  
Honours Program Go to top of document
Year 1
- BIOL 1F90
- CHEM 1F92
- MATH 1P97 and 1P98 (see program note 1)
- one credit from COSC 1P93, 1P95, 1P96, ERSC 1F01, PHYS 1P21 or 1P91 (recommended), one of PHYS 1P22, 1P23, 1P92, 1P93 (recommended) (see program notes 2 and 3)
- one Humanities context credit or one Social Science context credit
Year 2
- BIOL 2F01, 2P05 and 2Q04
- one credit from BIOL 2P92, 2P94, 2P96, 2P98
- third ancillary science credit (see program note 4)
- the Humanities context credit or Social Science context credit not taken in year 1
Year 3
- Three BIOL or BCHM credits numbered 2(alpha)90 or above (see program notes 5 and 6)
- two elective credits
Year 4
- BIOL 4F90 and 4F91, or BIOL 4F92 and one BIOL credit numbered 3(alpha)90 or above
- one BIOL credit numbered 2(alpha)90 or above
- one BIOL credit numbered 3(alpha)90 or above
- one elective credit
 
BSc With Major Program Go to top of document
Year 1
- BIOL 1F90
- CHEM 1F92
- MATH 1P97 and 1P98 (see program note 1)
- one credit from COSC 1P93, 1P95, 1P96, ERSC 1F01, PHYS 1P21 or 1P91 (recommended), one of PHYS 1P22, 1P23, 1P92, 1P93 (recommended) (see program notes 2 and 3)
- one Humanities context credit or one Social Science context credit
Year 2
- BIOL 2F01, 2P05 and 2Q04
- one credit from BIOL 2P92, 2P94, 2P96, 2P98
- third ancillary science credit (see program note 4)
- the Humanities context credit or Social Science context credit not taken in year 1
Year 3
- Three BIOL or BCHM credits numbered 2(alpha)90 or above (see program notes 5 and 6)
- two elective credits
Year 4
- One BIOL credit numbered 2(alpha)90 or above
- one and one-half BIOL credits numbered 3(alpha)90 to 3(alpha)99
- one and one-half BIOL credits numbered 3(alpha)90 or above
- one elective credit
 
Pass Program Go to top of document
Satisfactory completion of the first three years of the Honours program entitles a student to apply for a Pass degree.  
Concurrent BSc/BEd Go to top of document
The Department of Biological Sciences and the Faculty of Education co-operate in offering two Concurrent BSc (Honours)/BEd programs and a BSc (Pass)/BEd program. The Biological Sciences BSc (Honours)/BEd programs combines the BSc Honours program or BSc Integrated Studies Honours program with the teacher education program for students interested in teaching at the Intermediate/Senior level (grades 7-12) and at the Junior/Intermediate level (grades 4-10.) The BSc Integrated (Pass)/BEd combines the BSc Integrated (Pass) program with the teacher education program for students interested in teaching at the Junior/Intermediate level (grades 4-10.) Refer to the Education - Concurrent BSc (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior), Education - Concurrent BSc Integrated Studies (Honours)/ BEd (Junior/Intermediate) or Education - Concurrent BSc Integrated Studies (Pass)/BEd (Junior/Intermediate) program listings for further information.  
Combined Major Program Go to top of document
Biological Sciences and Chemistry Go to top of document
Honours Year 1
- BIOL 1F90
- CHEM 1F92
- MATH 1P01 and 1P02 or MATH 1P97 and 1P98
- PHYS 1P21 or 1P91 (recommended) (see program notes 2 and 3)
- one of PHYS 1P22, 1P23, 1P92, 1P93 (recommended) (see program notes 2 and 3)
- one Humanities context credit or Social Science context credit
Year 2
- BIOL 2F01
- CHEM 2P12 or 2P63
- CHEM 2P20, 2P21 and 2P42
- one credit from BIOL 2P05, 2P92, 2P94, 2P96, 2P98, 2Q04
- the Humanities context credit or Social Science context credit not taken in year 1
Year 3
- BCHM 3P01 and 3P02
- CHEM 2P12 or 2P63 (not taken in year 2)
- CHEM 2P32
- one BIOL credit numbered 2(alpha)90 to 3(alpha)99 (BIOL 3P50 recommended)
- one and one-half credits from CHEM 3P20, 3P21, 3P31, 3P32, 3P40, 3P41, 3P51, 3P53, 3P60 (see program notes 4 and 6)
- one-half elective credit
Year 4
- BIOL 4F90 and 4F91 or BIOL 4F92 and one BIOL credit numbered 3(alpha)90 or above, or CHEM 4F90 and 4F91 (see program note 7)
- one credit from the Department of Biological Sciences in the areas of biochemistry, biophysics or molecular biology or one half credit from one of those areas plus BCHM 3P02 or BIOL 3P50
- one CHEM credit numbered 2(alpha)90 or above
- one elective credit (see program note 8)
Pass Satisfactory completion of the first three years of the Honours program entitles a student to apply for a Pass degree.
 
Biological Sciences and Geography Go to top of document
Honours Year 1
- BIOL 1F90
- GEOG 1F91
- MATH 1P97 and 1P98
- one Humanities context credit
- one Social Science context credit (GEOG 1F90 is strongly recommended)
Year 2
- BIOL 2P05 and 2Q04
- one credit from BIOL 2P92, 2P94, 2P96, 2P98
- GEOG 2P11
- one and one-half credits from GEOG 2P04, 2P05, 2P07, 2P09, 2P13
- one elective credit
Year 3
- Two BIOL credits
- GEOG 3P56
- one GEOG credit numbered 2(alpha)90 to 3(alpha)99 from group B
- one-half GEOG credit numbered 2(alpha)90 to 3(alpha)99 from group B or C (see Geography department)
- one elective credit
Year 4
- Two BIOL credits
- GEOG 4F99
- one GEOG credit numbered 3(alpha)90 or above from group B or C (see Geography department)
- one elective credit
BIOL 4F90 and 4F91, or BIOL 4F92 and one BIOL credit numbered 3(alpha)90 or above or GEOG 4F90 must be included. Pass Satisfactory completion of the first three years of the Honours program entitles a student to apply for a Pass degree.
 
Biological Sciences and Mathematics Go to top of document
Honours Year 1
- BIOL 1F90
- CHEM 1F92
- MATH 1P01, 1P02, 1P40 and 1P98
- one Humanities context credit or Social Science context credit
Year 2
- Two credits from BIOL 2F01, 2P05, 2P92, 2P94, 2P96, 2P98, 2Q04
- MATH 1P12, 2P03, 2P81 and 2P82
- the Humanities context credit or Social Science context credit not taken in year 1
Year 3
- Two BIOL credits numbered 2(alpha)90 to 3(alpha)99
- MATH 3P81 and 3P82
- one MATH credit
- one elective credit
Year 4
- Two BIOL credits numbered 2(alpha)90 or above (see program note 8)
- MATH 2F40, 4P81 and 4P82
- one elective credit (see program note 8)
Pass Satisfactory completion of the first three years of the Honours program entitles a student to apply for a Pass degree.
 
Biological Sciences and Psychology Go to top of document
Entrance to the BIOL/PSYC combined Honours program requires application to the Psychology Department. Honours Year 1
- BIOL 1F90
- PSYC 1F90
- CHEM 1F92
- one Humanities context credit
- one elective credit (MATH 1F92 or 1P97 and 1P98 recommended)
Year 2
- Two credits from BIOL 2F01, 2P05, 2P92, 2P94, 2P96, 2P98, 2Q04
- PSYC 2F23
- one PSYC credit numbered 2(alpha)00 or above
- one elective credit
Year 3
- Two BIOL credits numbered 2(alpha)90 to 3(alpha)99
- PSYC 3P39
- one and one-half PSYC credits numbered 3(alpha)00 or above that must include PSYC 3F40 or 3P30
- one elective credit
Year 4
- Two BIOL credits which may include BIOL 4F90 and 4F91 or BIOL 4F92
- PSYC 4P92 and 4P93
- one PSYC credit numbered 3(alpha)90 or above (if neither BIOL 4F90 and 4F91 nor BIOL 4F92 is taken, PSYC 4F90 or 4F91 is required)
- one elective credit
Pass Year 1
- BIOL 1F90
- PSYC 1F90
- CHEM 1F92
- one Humanities context credit
- one elective credit (MATH 1F92 or 1P97 and 1P98 recommended)
Year 2
- Two credits from BIOL 2F01, 2P05, 2P92, 2P94, 2P96, 2P98, 2Q04
- PSYC 2F23
- one PSYC credit numbered 2(alpha)00 or above
- one elective credit
Year 3
- Two BIOL credits numbered 2(alpha)90 to 3(alpha)99
- two PSYC credits numbered 3(alpha)00 or above
- one elective credit
 
Biological Sciences and Earth Sciences Go to top of document
Consult the Earth Sciences entry for a listing of program requirements.  
Biological Sciences and Physics Go to top of document
Consult the Physics entry for a listing of program requirements.  
Minor in Biological Sciences Go to top of document
Students in other disciplines can obtain a minor in Biological Sciences within their degree program by completing the following courses with a minimum 60 percent overall average:
- two BIOL credits numbered 2(alpha)00 or above
- two BIOL credits numbered 2(alpha)90 or above
 
Graduate (MSc, PhD) Program Go to top of document
The Department of Biological Sciences offers opportunities for graduate study leading to a MSc or PhD degree. Graduate programs emphasize independent research by students in a wide variety of biological fields and disciplines reflecting the research interests of individual faculty. For further information, including faculty interests, see the current Graduate Calendar or the Department of Biological Sciences' website.  
Description of Courses Go to top of document
Note that not all courses are offered in every session. Refer to the applicable term timetable for details. # Indicates a cross-listed course * Indicates a primary offering of a cross-listed course  
Prerequisites and Restrictions Go to top of document
Students must check to ensure that prerequisites are met. Students may be deregistered, at the request of the instructor, from any course for which prerequisites and/or restrictions have not been met. BIOL 1F25 Biology: A Human Perspective For non-science majors: contemporary issues of human concern. For example, cardiovascular physiology, biology of cancer, issues in contemporary biology. Lectures, 2 hours per week; lab, alternating weeks, 2 hours per week during the Fall Term. Note: Secondary school biology is not a prerequisite for this course. BIOL 1F90 Concepts in Biology Topics essential to contemporary biology, including molecular biology, biological energy conversion, how plants and animals adapt, genetics and the evolutionary process. Lectures, 3 hours per week; lab/workshop, alternating weeks, 3 hours per week. Note: OAC or 12U biology recommended. MATH 1P01 may be substituted for MATH 1P97. BIOL 1F90 is a prerequisite for most courses in the department. BIOL 2F01 Principles of Molecular and Cellular Biology Cellular processes and their relationship to cellular structure with emphasis on the structure and function of proteins, membranes, cell organelles and the expression of genetic information. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week; lab, 3 hours per week during the Winter Term. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 3.0 overall credits. Prerequisites: BIOL 1F90 and CHEM 1F92. BIOL 2P05 Principles of Evolutionary and Behavioural Ecology Phenotypic and genotypic variation among individuals and related population- and species-level patterns. Population genetics, natural selection, behavioural responses, phenotypic plasticity and life history strategies. Lectures, 3 hours per week; tutorial, 1 hour per week. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 3.0 overall credits. Prerequisite: BIOL 1F90. Note: one-half year 1 credit in MATH strongly recommended. Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade in ERSC (ENVI/GEOG) 2P09. BIOL 2P92 Animal Form, Function and Diversity Introduction to evolution, animal diversity, basic body plans and anatomical structure of tissues and organs throughout the animal kingdom. Relationships of structures to such functions as movement, feeding, respiration and development. Evolutionary series illustrated where appropriate. Lectures, lab, 6 hours per week. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 3.0 overall credits. Prerequisite: BIOL 1F90. BIOL 2P94 Plant Biology: Growth and Development Biochemistry and cell biology of plant cell structure, organogenesis and plant life cycle. Focussing on angiosperm adaptations to the biotic and abiotic environment. Lectures, lab/seminar, 6 hours per week. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 3.0 overall credits. Prerequisites: BIOL 1F90 and CHEM 1F92 or permission of the instructor. * BIOL 2P95 Bioethics (also offered as PHIL 2P95) Value conflicts and moral dilemmas in biology and medicine. Emphasis on specific case studies in reproductive interventions, medical experimentation, concepts of "health" and "disease", modification of behaviour, lifestyle choices, allocation of scarce or expensive medical resources, and death and dying. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Prerequisite: one BIOL or PHIL credit or permission of the instructor. Note: may count as an elective, but not as a major credit in an Honours BIOL (single or combined) program. Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade in BIOL (PHIL) 2F95. BIOL 2P96 Biology of Fungi Structure, development, metabolism, reproduction and evolution of fungi, emphasizing the importance of fungi, in particular yeasts, to industrial processes. Lectures, 3 hours per week; lab, 3 hours per week for six weeks. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 3.0 overall credits. Prerequisite: BIOL 1F90. BIOL 2P97 Human Physiology Normal human function with specific reference to circulatory, respiratory and excretory activities and their regulation as well as their more common genetic, environmental and lifestyle pathologies. Lectures, 3 hours per week. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 3.0 overall credits. Prerequisite: BIOL 1F90. BIOL 2P98 Principles of Microbiology Diversity, evolution, physiology and genetics of micro-organisms with emphasis on applied, medical and environmental microbiology. Lectures, 3 hours per week; lab, 3 hours alternate weeks. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 3.0 overall credits. Prerequisite: BIOL 1F90. * BIOL 2Q04 Principles of Community Ecology (also offered as ENVI 2Q04) Ecological processes at the population, community and ecosystem levels of biological organization; mathematical models of population growth, predation and competition; factors influencing community structure, biodiversity and energy flow through ecosystems. Lectures, 3 hours per week; lab, 3 hours per week. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 3.0 overall credits. Prerequisite: BIOL 1F90. Note: one-half year 1 credit in MATH strongly recommended. BIOL 3P28 Developmental Biology Vertebrate, invertebrate and plant development. Topics include egg and sperm interaction; emergence of diverse cell types in the adult body from a single cell; genetic control of tissue and organ formation and morphological patterns in these structures; role of genes underlying the developmental mechanisms of evolutionary change. Lectures, 3 hours per week; lab, 3 hours per week for 6 weeks. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 8.0 overall credits. Prerequisite: BIOL 2F01. * BIOL 3P34 Neurobiology (also offered as NEUR 3P34) Structure and function of nerve cells: Electrical properties of neurons, synaptic function and transmitters, neural plasticity and cellular basis of behaviour. Lectures, 3 hours per week. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 8.0 overall credits. Prerequisite: BIOL 2F01. BIOL 3P35 Comparative Animal Physiology Examination of how animals work, survive and regulate physiological processes emphasizing physiological ecology. Homeostatic mechanisms of respiration, circulation, osmoregulation, thermoregulation, locomotion and metabolism in vertebrates with comparison to selected invertebrates. Lectures, 3 hours per week. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 8.0 overall credits. Prerequisites: BIOL 2F01 and 2P92. * BIOL 3P43 Applied Microbial Ecology (also offered as BTEC 3P43) Ecology of micro-organisms and special adaptations that permit their use in biotechnology and applied microbiology. Lectures, lab, 6 hours per week. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 8.0 overall credits. Prerequisite: BIOL 2P98 or permission of the instructor. * BIOL 3P50 Molecular Genetics (also offered as BTEC 3P50) Topics include the genetic code and information flow from nucleic acids to proteins, RNA and protein synthesis; prokaryotic and eukaryotic chromosomes; gene organization; transcription, RNA processing; codon usage; enhancer and transposons. Lectures, 3 hours per week; lab, 3 hours per week for 6 weeks. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 8.0 overall credits. Prerequisite: BIOL 2F01 or permission of the instructor. * BIOL 3P51 Genetics: Transmission, Development, Population (also offered as CHSC 3P51) Concepts of classical genetics including genetic mapping, extra-nuclear inheritance, polyploidy, genetics and development, evolutionary genetics. Lectures, 3 hours per week; lab, 3 hours per week for 6 weeks. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 8.0 overall credits. Prerequisite: BIOL 2F01 and 2P05 or permission of the instructor. BIOL 3P60 Animal Behaviour Emphasis on the social context of behaviour and natural selection: the evolution and significance of visual, auditory and olfactory communication; spacing behaviour and the evolution of diversity in spacing systems; mating systems and sexual selection; development of species-typical behaviour; the development and significance of periodic behaviour patterns including endogenous rhythms orientation and navigation. Lectures, 3 hours per week; lab, 3 hours per week. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 8.0 overall credits. Prerequisites: BIOL 2P05 and 2Q04. BIOL 3P64 Introductory Insect Biology Field and laboratory exercises and lectures covering morphology, physiology, evolution, ecology, social behaviour and harmful and beneficial aspects of the insects. Lectures, 2 hours per week; lab, 3 hours per week. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 8.0 overall credits. Prerequisite: BIOL 1F90 or permission of instructor. BIOL 3P71 Ontario Universities Field Biology Course Inter-university selections from the offerings of the Ontario Universities Program in Field Biology. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 8.0 overall credits and permission of the course co-ordinator. Prerequisites: BIOL 2P05 and 2Q04. Note: takes place at different field sites from May through August for 1 or 2 weeks durations. Registrants must submit an application with the course co-ordinator by the end of January. See course co-ordinator for application. Students are expected to pay their own expenses. BIOL 3P72 Ontario Universities Field Ecology Course Further field studies for students who have completed BIOL 3P71. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 8.0 overall credits and permission of the course co-ordinator. Prerequisites: BIOL 2P05 and 2Q04. Note: takes place at different field sites from May through August for 1 or 2 weeks durations. Registrants must submit an application with the course co-ordinator by the end of January. See course co-ordinator for application. Students are expected to pay their own expenses. BIOL 3P80 Evolution The idea of evolution and its development; scientific method and the past; classical, modern pre-Darwinian and Darwinian concepts; the history of the earth and the fossil record; biogeographical patterns; adaptation, natural selection and the origin of species; molecular evolution; evolution of specific taxonomic groups including humans. Lectures, 2 hours per week; seminar, 1 hour per week. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 8.0 overall credits. Prerequisites: BIOL 2P05 and 2Q04; one of BIOL 2P92, (2P93), 2P96, 2P98. # BIOL 3P85 Ecology of a Changing Planet (also offered as ERSC 3P85 and GEOG 3P85) Impact of environmental change and human activity on ecosystems. Topics include climate change and global warming, habitat fragmentation, extinction, invasive species, conservation biology and the management of ecological integrity. Lectures, lab, 5 hours per week. Prerequisite: one of BIOL 2P05, 2Q04, ERSC 2P09. * BIOL 3P90 Investigative Neurobiology (also offered as NEUR 3P90) Methods used in neurobiology and neurophysiology. Electro-physiological techniques, including intracellular and extracellular recording from nerve cells and muscle, and on theory and techniques for electro-physiological data acquisition. Other topics include intracellular staining, immunocytochemistry and assay procedures. Lectures, 2 hours per week; lab, 3 hours per week. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 8.0 overall credits. Prerequisite: BIOL 2F01 or PSYC 2F36. Note: BIOL 3P34 is strongly recommended for students who have not taken PSYC 2F36 Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade in BIOL (NEUR) 3P84. * BIOL 3P91 Plant Physiology: Metabolic and Biophysical Processes The metabolism of carbon and nitrogen compounds; photosynthetic and respiratory processes; mineral nutrition; water relations; gas exchange and transport processes. Lectures, lab, 6 hours per week. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 8.0 overall credits. Prerequisites: BIOL 2F01 and 2P94 (2P93) or permission of the instructor. * BIOL 3P95 Techniques in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (also offered as BCHM 3P95 and BTEC 3P95) Theory and practice of basic techniques in nucleic acid and protein manipulations and analysis. Lab, 6 hours per week. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 8.0 overall credits. Prerequisite: BIOL 2F01. Note: designed for students interested in biochemistry, molecular biology and molecular ecology. BIOL 3P96 Biometrics Introduction to the principles of experimental design and data analysis. Emphasis on practice in analyzing and interpreting biological data from a variety of different fields (e.g. molecular biology, physiology, neurobiology, ecology). Lectures, 2 hours per week; lab, 3 hours per week. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 8.0 overall credits. Prerequisites: MATH 1P98; one of BIOL 2F01, 2P05, 2Q04. Note: recommended for students planning to take BIOL 4F90 and 4F91. BIOL 3P97 Molecular Ecology Review of population genetics and the use of molecular markers; the application of molecular genetic data to issues and problems in evolutionary biology, population genetics, and animal behaviour, including phylogenetics, kinship and population subdivision. Lectures, 2 hours per week; computer labs, 3 hours per week. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 8.0 overall credits. Prerequisites: BIOL 2P05 and one-half MATH credit. Note: It is strongly recommended that students take BIOL 3P80 or 3P51 before registering in this course. # BIOL 3P98 Wine Microbiology (also offered as OEVI 3P98) Identification and enumeration of indigenous micro-organisms in grape must. Alcoholic fermentation; metabolism of nitrogen compounds and organic acids; production of sulphur compounds; killer yeasts; malolactic fermentation; wine spoilage micro-organisms; genetic improvement of wine yeasts. Lectures, lab, 6 hours per week. Restriction: open to BCHM, BIOL, BTEC and OEVI majors and OEVI certificate students or permission of the instructor. Prerequisites: OEVI 3P25, BCHM 3P01, BIOL 2F01 and 2P98. Note: students must be a minimum of 18 years of age. It is strongly recommended that students take BIOL 3P50 prior to or concurrent with OEVI (BIOL) 3P98. BIOL 4F90 Honours Thesis Each student will undertake a limited research project involving field or laboratory study under faculty supervision. Restriction: open to BCHM and BIOL (single or combined) majors with approval to year 4 (honours), a minimum 75 percent major average and permission of the Chair. Note: to be taken in conjunction with BIOL 4F91. Students electing to pursue studies on non-laboratory ecological projects will be permitted to initiate their programs during the summer preceding registration in year 4, but may not include data or observations obtained as a consequence of participation in field courses such as BIOL 3P71 or 3P72. Submission and oral defence of the thesis is required. BIOL 4F91 Literature Research and Seminar Each student will undertake a detailed study of the scientific literature relevant to the topic of the honours thesis. Restriction: open to BCHM and BIOL (single or combined) majors with approval to year 4 (honours), a minimum 75 percent major average and permission of the Chair. Note: to be taken in conjunction with BIOL 4F90. Review will be included in the thesis and will be presented as a seminar. BIOL 4F92 Library Research Essays Each student will be required to carry out two detailed studies of the scientific literature under faculty supervision. Restriction: open to BCHM, BIOL (single or combined) and BTEC majors with approval to year 4 (honours) and permission of the Chair. Note: for students not registered for BIOL 4F90 and BIOL 4F91. Results of the studies will be presented in major essays and formal seminars. One research topic is to be completed each term. # BIOL 4P03 Current Topics in Photobiology (also offered as BCHM 4P03) The interaction of light with biological molecules. Effects of ultraviolet radiation, photosynthesis, vision and photoregulation of genes and proteins. Lectures, seminar, lab, 3 hours per week. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 14.0 overall credits or approval to year 4 (honours). Prerequisite: one-half BCHM credit numbered 3(alpha)00 to 3(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. * BIOL 4P06 Bioinformatics (also offered as BCHM 4P06 and BTEC 4P06) Genome sequencing projects, gene discovery and gene expression. DNA/RNA/Protein sequence data, including mutagenic processes, molecular evolution and systematics, codon usage, reconstruction of ancient molecules, and prediction of higher-level molecular structure. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 14.0 overall credits or approval to year 4 (honours). Note: BIOL 3P50, 3P80, BCHM 3P02 and MATH 1P98 are recommended. # BIOL 4P08 Topics in Plant and Microbial Biotechnology (also offered as BCHM 4P08 and BTEC 4P08) Characterization of biochemical processes and structures. Genetic modification of such processes and structures through molecular manipulation to meet scientific and/or societal needs. Examples include yeast and microbial enzymes or enzyme systems as well as crop proteins and enzymes. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 14.0 overall credits or approval to 4 (honours). Prerequisite: one of BCHM 3P01, 3P02, BIOL 3P50, CHEM 3P63 or permission of the instructor. * BIOL 4P09 Topics in Animal and Plant Signal Transduction Pathways (also offered as BCHM 4P09 and BTEC 4P09) Perception of stimuli to effects on gene expression emphasizing the molecular/biochemical tools used to study these pathways. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 14.0 overall credits or approval to year 4 (honours). Prerequisite: BCHM 3P01. BIOL 4P10 Microbial Pathogenesis A molecular approach to microbial diseases in a variety of hosts focussing on human diseases. Topics include animal models for diseases, molecular diagnostics, identifying virulence factors and population genetics of pathogenic microbes. Lectures, /seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 14.0 overall credits or approval to year 4 (honours). Prerequisite: BIOL 2P98. * BIOL 4P21 Mutagenesis in Disease and Biotechnology (also offered as BCHM 4P21 and BTEC 4P21) Exploration of the various mechanisms of mutagenesis of the genetic material, how they contribute to disease, and how they can be adapted to produce new biomolecules. Lectures, /seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 14.0 overall credits or approval to year 4 (honours). Prerequisite: BIOL 3P50 or BCHM 3P02. BIOL 4P28 Developmental Neurobiology Principles of neural development. Topics include cell lineage and early determinative events, trophic functions, growth and plasticity, synaptogenesis and gene expression in the establishment of the nervous system. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 14.0 overall credits or approval to year 4 (honours). Prerequisite: BIOL 3P28 or 3P34. BIOL 4P29 Topics in Animal Physiology Recent and/or controversial research in respiratory, thermoregulatory, and cardiovascular physiology and their neural control. Topics may vary from year to year. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: Students must have a minimum of 14.0 overall credits or approval to year 4 (honours). Prerequisite: BIOL 3P35. Note: BIOL 3P60 and 3P34 are recommended. # BIOL 4P30 Grape Pest Management (also offered as OEVI 4P30) Biology and dynamics of grapevine pest activity - insects, diseases, weeds, nematodes, vertebrates. Integrated pest management approach looking at all aspects of control chemical, biological, cultural. Application techniques, pest identification and monitoring. Lectures, lab, 6 hours per week. Restriction: open to BCHM, BIOL, BTEC and OEVI majors and OEVI certificate students or permission of the instructor. Prerequisite: OEVI 2P99. BIOL 4P31 Molecular Physiology of the Cell Normal and pathological aspects of cellular physiology, emphasizing bioenergetics and metabolism, responses to physiological stress, and molecular mechanisms of adaptation. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 14.0 overall credits or approval to year 4 (honours). Prerequisite: BCHM 3P01 or BIOL 3P35. BIOL 4P34 Systems Neurophysiology Neuronal networks and integrative mechanisms in the nervous system. Topics may include the visual system, rhythm generators and motor function, learning and memory. Lectures, /seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 14.0 overall credits or approval to year 4 (honours). Prerequisite: BIOL 3P34 or permission of the instructor. * BIOL 4P51 Molecular Virology (also offered as BTEC 4P51) Bacterial and animal viruses. Topics include biochemical properties, virus-host interaction, productive cycle, effect of virus on host cell and organism, viral vectors and gene therapy, recombinant viral vaccines and origin of virus. Lectures, seminar, 2 hours per week. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 14.0 overall credits or approval to year 4 (honours). Prerequisite: BIOL 3P50 or permission of the instructor. BIOL 4P53 Immunology Humoral and cellular immunity; structure and synthesis of immunoglobulins; origin of antibody diversity; transplantation immunity and the importance of the major histocompatibility complex; auto-immunity and allergic reactions. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 14.0 overall credits or approval to year 4 (honours). Prerequisite: BIOL 3P50 or BCHM 3P01. * BIOL 4P57 Bacterial Genetics (also offered as BTEC 4P57) Molecular and transmission genetics of bacteria. Bacterial genetics from early descriptions of transformation and transduction to current developments in molecular genetics. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 14.0 overall credits or approval to year 4 (honours). Prerequisites: BIOL 2P98 and 3P50 or permission of the instructor. * BIOL 4P58 Fungal Genetics (also offered as BTEC 4P58) Transmission and molecular genetics of fungi. Recent advances in gene manipulation and the contribution of studies on these organisms to general genetic principles. Lectures, seminar, 2 hours per week. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 14.0 overall credits or approval to year 4 (honours). Prerequisite: one of BIOL 2P96, 3P50, 3P51 or permission of the instructor. BIOL 4P61 Natural Selection and Adaptation Topics may include fitness, selection in natural populations, life history evolution, adaptive traits, forces opposing natural selection, population structure and natural selection. Emphasis on empirical studies in current literature. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 14.0 overall credits or approval to year 4 (honours). Prerequisite: BIOL 3P60 or 3P80. Note: BIOL 3P80 is strongly recommended. BIOL 4P62 Sociobiology How natural selection shapes social behaviour emphasizing the evolution of co-operation and altruism, transitions between solitary and social behaviour, and comparisons of taxa from single-celled organisms to humans. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 14.0 overall credits or approval to year 4 (honours). Prerequisites: BIOL 3P60 or 3P80. BIOL 4P64 Insect Behaviour Selected topics in the field of insect behaviour including: programming and integration of behaviour orientation and dispersal, feeding and plant-herbivore co-evolution, chemical, visual and acoustical communication, defensive behaviour, reproductive behaviour and the eusocial insects. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 14.0 overall credits or approval to year 4 (honours). Prerequisite: one of BIOL 3P60, 3P64, 3P80 or permission of the instructor. BIOL 4P80 Dendrochronology (also offered as GEOG 4P80 and ERSC 4P80) Principles and use of dendrochronology to study forest dynamics, geomorphic events and paleoenvironmental change; use of tree growth in the study of climate and environmental factors; measurement and statistical analysis of tree growth records. Lectures, lab, local field trip, 6 hours per week. Prerequisite: one of BIOL 2P05, 2Q04, GEOG 2P09. BIOL 4P84 Physiology of Excitable Cells Neurons, muscle and/or neurosecretory cells at the cellular and subcellular levels. Topics include ion channel activity, patch clamp recording, intracellular messenger systems, mechanisms of neurosecretion and neural plasticity. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 14.0 overall credits or approval to year 4 (honours). Prerequisite: BIOL 3P34, 3P90 (3P84) or permission of the instructor.  
Last updated: December 8, 2005 @ 09:42AM