Students must check to ensure that prerequisites are met. Students may be deregistered, at the request of the instructor, from any course for which prerequisites and/or restrictions have not been met.
EARTH SCIENCES COURSES
ERSC 1F02
Earth: The Dynamic Planet
Introduction to major Earth science theories and basic geologic principles. Geography and land-based culture of aboriginal peoples in Northern Ontario. Role of both short- and long-term climate changes in the evolution of ecosystems.
Restriction: permission of the instructor.
ERSC 1P01
Planet Earth I
Earth as a member of the solar system, minerals, rocks and sediments, plate tectonics, volcanic activity, earthquakes, plate tectonics and the building of continents, economic geology, stratigraphy and geologic time, fossils and the history of life.
Lectures, lab or local field trip, 5 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): any two of biology, chemistry, earth sciences, mathematics or physics beyond grade 11 or equivalent.
Note: students may not register concurrently in ERSC 1P92.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in ERSC 1F01, 1F90 and 1P92.
ERSC 1P02
Planet Earth II
Glacial geology, geomorphology, Earth surface processes; paleoclimates and future climate change; oceanography; geologic hazards and risk assessment; hydrologic cycle, soil-groundwater contamination, hazardous waste disposal and alternatives.
Lectures, lab or local field trip, 5 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ERSC 1P01 or permission of the instructor.
Note: students may not register concurrently in ERSC 1P92.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in ERSC 1F01, 1F90 and 1P92.
ERSC 1P92
Extreme Earth
Extreme low frequency events and the geological record of their causes and effects, including earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, climatic change and impacts with extraterrestrial bodies.
Note: offered online. Students may not register concurrently in ERSC 1P01 or 1P02. Secondary school sciences are not a prerequisite.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in ERSC 1F01, 1F90, 1P01 and 1P02.
ERSC 1P94
Planetary Science
Solar system objects, including the Sun, planets and dwarf planets, named natural satellites (moons) and small solar system bodies; their formation, composition, processes and major characteristics.
Note: offered online.
ERSC 2P03
The History of the Earth
Principles of paleontology, classical stratigraphy, sequence stratigraphy. The origin and evolution of life and the history of the Earth.
Lectures, lab, 5 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ERSC 1P01 and 1P02 (1F01) or (1F90).
#ERSC 2P04
Introduction to Meteorology
(also offered as GEOG 2P04)
Major concepts, principles, and interactions related to the atmospheric earth-systems, weather analysis and forecasting, natural and anthropogenic factors related to climate change and variability, weather hazards and extreme events, and biophysical feedback effects.
Lectures, lab, 4 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): one of ERSC 1P01 and 1P02 (1F01), GEOG 1F91 or permission of instructor.
*ERSC 2P05
Earth Surface Processes
(also offered as GEOG 2P05)
Earth surface processes and geomorphology within global environments. A dynamic and physically based account of processes and the Earth's surface, linking the fields of sedimentology, physical geography and fluid mechanics.
Lectures, lab, field work, 5 hours per week.
Restriction: open to ERSC (single or combined), GEOG (single or combined) and GEOG (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors until date specified in Registration guide.
Prerequisite(s): ERSC 1P01 and 1P02 (1F01) or GEOG 1F91.
#ERSC 2P07
Introduction to Geospatial Technologies
(also offered as GEOG 2P07, IASC 2P07 and TOUR 2P07)
Concepts and applications of geographic information systems (GIS), global positioning systems (GPS) and remote sensing. Properties of digital maps, airborne data and satellite imagery. Principles of map compilation and design. Practical experience in computer mapping, image interpretation and GIS analysis.
Lectures, lab, 4 hours per week.
ERSC 2P15
Introduction to Oceanography
Overview of the oceans, their origin, composition, circulation, geology and biota, from the coastal zone to the abyss. Importance of oceanography to humans, history of oceanography, overview of marine hazards and resources, ocean-atmosphere interactions and the global climate.
Lectures, lab, 5 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): one of ERSC 1P02 (1F01), (1F90), BIOL 1P91 and 1P92 (1F90), GEOG 1F91.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in GEOG 2P15.
ERSC 2P16
Clastic Sedimentology
Basic clastic sedimentology (grain size, shape, porosity/permeability, fabric) including fundamentals of unidirectional and oscillatory water flows, sediment transport under such flows and resulting sedimentary structures. Clastic rock classification.
Lectures, lab, 5 hours per week.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in GEOG 2P16.
ERSC 2P17
Earth Science Methods
Introduction to the study and description, in the field and the lab of igneous and metamorphic rocks; structural analysis of geological maps.
Lectures, lab, field trips, 5 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): one of ERSC 1P01, 1P02 (1F01), GEOG 1F91.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in GEOG 2P17.
ERSC 2P21
Introduction to Mineralogy and Mineral Associations
Introduction to mineral identification, composition, and structure; crystal systems, symmetry operations; crystal growth and defects.
Lectures, lab, 6 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ERSC 1P01 (1F01).
Note: 4U/M Chemistry recommended.
ERSC 2P22
Optical Mineralogy
Properties of light and its interaction with mineral grains: reflection, refraction, polarization, interference phenomena, extinction, colour and pleochroism. Refractometry; isotropic, uniaxial and biaxial optics; interpretation of interference figures. Transmitted light petrography in the identification of and familiarization with major rock-forming minerals in grain mounts and in thin section.
Lectures, lab, 6 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ERSC 2P21.
ERSC 2P61
Environmental Geoscience
Natural geological processes and anthropogenic impacts, flooding, landslides, earthquakes, volcanic activity, global warming and climate change. Hydrogeology and human activity, surface and groundwater supply and use, solid waste and hazardous waste disposal. Mineral and energy resources, pollution and alternatives. Professional environmental geosciences practices.
Lectures, lab, 5 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ERSC 1P01 and 1P02 (1F01).
ERSC 3P01
Structural Geology
Measurement and effects of stress and strain. Genesis of brittle and ductile structures and their classification. Methods of structural analysis.
Lectures, lab, 5 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ERSC 2P17.
*ERSC 3P03
Paleontology and Paleobiology
(also offered as BIOL 3P03)
Biodiversity and ecosystems through geologic time, micro and macro evolution in paleobiology and evolutionary biology, large scale environmental change and the fossil record, functional morphology, and phylogenetic and cladistic analysis of the fossil record.
Lectures, lab, 5 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): one of ERSC 2P03, BIOL 2P05, 2Q04.
#ERSC 3P05
Geographic Information Systems
(also offered as GEOG 3P05 and IASC 3P05)
Principles and use of computer-based systems for capturing, managing, manipulating, analysing and displaying data relating to the Earth's surface emphasizing raster applications. Practical work using ArcGIS.
Lectures, lab, 4 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ERSC 2P07 or permission of the instructor.
#ERSC 3P07
Remote Sensing
(also offered as GEOG 3P07)
Theory and practice of remote sensing. Multispectral, hyperspectral, thermal, radar and laser imaging of the Earth's surface from airborne and spaceborne platforms. Image interpretation and image-analysis techniques.
Lectures, lab, 4 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ERSC 2P07 or permission of the instructor.
ERSC 3P11
Chemical and Carbonate Sedimentology
Genesis of Evaporites; petrography and cathodoluminescence of carbonate grains; skeletal structures and chemistry; recent carbonate environments; evolution of carbonate mounds; chemical theory of carbonate grains; textural, structural and chemical limestone diagenesis; dolomitization, silicification and pyritization of carbonate grains.
Lectures, lab, 4 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ERSC 2P17 and 2P21 or permission of the instructor.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in ERSC 3P10.
ERSC 3P12
Stratigraphy
Fundamentals of lithostratigraphy, biostratigraphy, chronostratigraphy, magnetostratigraphy, geochronology and introduction to the International Stratigraphic Guide; geological time scale, Milankovitch and sub-Milankovitch cyclicity, subsurface geology techniques and correlation, sequence stratigraphy, geological history of southern Ontario.
Lectures, lab, 5 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ERSC 2P03 or 2P16.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in ERSC 3P10.
#ERSC 3P13
Applied Climatology
(also offered as GEOG 3P13)
Studies in selected topics from the field of energy and moisture exchanges, air pollution, climatic change, climatic impact assessment and bioclimatology. Human impact on the climate along with applied microclimatological investigations and climatic data analysis.
Lectures, lab, 4 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ERSC 2P04 or permission of the instructor.
ERSC 3P21
Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology
Igneous rocks: nomenclature and classification; magmatic processes. Application of one, two and three component phase diagrams to interpret the formation of igneous rocks. Metamorphic rocks: types, classification, mineral parageneses. Labs include the study of rocks in thin section, their mineralogy, textures, origin and classification.
Lectures, lab, 6 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ERSC 2P22 and CHEM 1P91 and 1P92 (1F92).
*ERSC 3P24
Glacial Geomorphology/Geology
(also offered as GEOG 3P24)
Introduction to glaciology; glacial processes, glacial deposits; their genesis and sedimentology. Relationship of glacial processes to landforms and surface topography. Glacial systems and facies associations. Applied aspects of glacial geology, such as drift exploration.
Lectures, lab, field work, 5 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ERSC 2P05.
*ERSC 3P25
Quaternary Geology
(also offered as GEOG 3P25)
Glaciations in the geological record, causes of glaciations, biotic responses to climatic changes, eustatic and isostatic sea level changes in response to glaciation, Quaternary stratigraphy and correlation of glacial and non-glacial events, application of Quaternary geology to economic and environmental problems, methods of paleoclimatic reconstruction.
Lectures, lab, 5 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ERSC 2P03, 2P16, 3P24 or permission of the instructor.
*ERSC 3P26
Glacial Soils and Sediments
(also offered as GEOG 3P26)
Applied aspects of glacial deposits. Geotechnical and pedochemical properties and structural attributes of glacial soils and sediments. Micromorphology, glacial soil discontinuity analyses. Introductory aspects of soil mechanics. Drift exploration. Landfill problems and issues related to glacial soils and sediments.
Lectures, lab, 5 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ERSC 3P24.
ERSC 3P31
Geochemistry
Formation of the elements; nucleo-synthesis and cosmic abundances; classification of elements; crystal chemistry, bond energy, crystal defects and elemental partitioning/distribution; kinetic chemistry, elemental diffusion, nucleation and transformation; aqueous geochemistry, water-mineral interactions; Gibbs free energy and the formation/weathering of igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks; introduction to isotope geochemistry.
Lectures, tutorial, 4 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): CHEM 1P91 and 1P92 (1F92).
*ERSC 3P33
Biodiversity
(also offered as GEOG 3P33)
Dispersal and migration, adaptation; speciation, extinction; ecological interaction, species invasion, plant and animal introductions, habitat fragmentation and application of biogeographical theory to conservation biology, and human impacts on fire regimes.
Lectures, lab, 5 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): BIOL 1P91 and 1P92 (1F90) or permission of the instructor.
*ERSC 3P35
Biomonitoring and Environmental Stress Assessment
(also offered as GEOG 3P35)
Use of biodiversity indicators, field methods and passive and active sensors to assess environmental quality. Collection and analysis of quantitative and qualitative data to investigate urban air and water pollution and forest health.
Lab, 3 hours per week.
Restriction: students must have a minimum of 10.0 overall credits.
Prerequisite(s): one of ERSC 1P01 and 1P02 (1F01), (2P09), BIOL 1P91 and 1P92 (1F90), GEOG 3P09 (2P09).
Note: three weekend field trips in September. Students are expected to pay their expenses.
#ERSC 3P83
Geography of Water Resources
(also offered as GEOG 3P83 and TOUR 3P83)
Physical and human factors affecting patterns of use and development of water resources. Emphasis on patterns of supply and demand, approaches to development and management of the resource, problems and alternative strategies.
Lectures, lab, 4 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): one of ERSC 1P01 and 1P02 (1F01), GEOG 1F90, 1F91 or permission of the instructor.
*ERSC 3P85
Ecology of a Changing Planet
(also offered as BIOL 3P85 and GEOG 3P85)
Impact of environmental change and human activity on ecosystems. Topics include climate change and global warming, habitat fragmentation, extinction, invasive species, conservation biology and the management of ecological integrity.
Lectures, lab, 5 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): one of (ERSC 2P09), BIOL 2P05, 2Q04, GEOG 3P09 (2P09).
ERSC 3P90
Volcanology
Survey of volcanoes, their distribution, forms, composition, eruptive products and styles, and potential hazards.
Lectures, lab, 6 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ERSC 2P05 and 2P21; one of CHEM 1P91 and 1P92 (1F92), MATH 1P97, 1P98, one-half PHYS credit numbered 1P21 to 1P93.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in GEOG 3P90.
ERSC 3P91
Groundwater Hydrology
Role of groundwater in the hydrologic cycle, fundamental theory of groundwater flow, its storage and movement, steady and transient flow, and flow net. Equations governing groundwater depth and flow including Darcy's law and Bernoulli's equation. Geologic factors controlling the movement of groundwater. Groundwater extraction and its impact on regional hydrology.
Lectures, lab, 5 hours per week.
Restriction: open to ERSC (single or combined) majors.
Prerequisite(s): CHEM 1P91 and 1P92 (1F92) and MATH 1P97; PHYS 1P23, 1P93 or permission of the instructor.
#ERSC 3P95
Advanced Geographic Information Systems
(also offered as GEOG 3P95)
Advanced study of geographic information systems emphasizing the use of several leading edge software for solving complex geospatial questions. Evaluating the extent of human-induced landscape changes. Builds on key concepts from GEOG 3P05 including data acquisition techniques (e.g. GPS, unmanned aviation), data management, georeferencing, geoprocessing, spatial modelling and statistics, and cartography.
Lectures, lab, 5 hours per week.
Restriction: open to ERSC (single or combined), GEOG (single or combined) and GEOG (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to ERSC (single, combined or general studies), GEOG (single, combined or general studies), GEOG (Honours)/BEd (intermediate/Senior) majors, GHUM, SOSC students, ERSC and GEOG minors until date specified in Registration guide.
Prerequisite(s): ERSC 3P05.
ERSC 3P96
Special Topics in Earth Sciences I
Selected issues and various methods of inquiry related to faculty expertise.
Restriction: open to ERSC (single or combined) majors with a minimum 70 percent major average, a minimum of 10.0 overall credits and permission of the instructor.
ERSC 3P97
Special Topics in Earth Sciences II
Selected issues and various methods of inquiry related to faculty expertise.
Restriction: open to ERSC (single or combined) majors with a minimum 70 percent major average, a minimum of 10.0 overall credits and permission of the instructor.
ERSC 3P98
Ore Geology
Mode of occurrence, distribution, genesis, evaluation of and exploration for metallic and industrial mineral deposits. Includes ore petrology and geochemistry as well as theory of ore deposition in hydrothermal systems.
Lectures, lab, seminar, 6 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ERSC 3P21.
Note: ERSC 3P31 is recommended.
ERSC 3P99
Field Camp-Solid Earth
Two-week immersion course offered after final examinations in year 3 introducing students to collecting, recording and synthesizing field data, airphoto mapping, preparing geologic maps and reports. Field area, situated in northern Ontario, consists of Archaean, Proterozoic and Paleozoic lithologies.
Restriction: open to students with a minimum of 13.0 overall credits and permission of the Department.
Prerequisite(s): ERSC 3P01.
Note: students are expected to pay their own expenses.
*ERSC 3Q99
Field School-Quaternary Geology
(also offered as GEOG 3Q99)
Field and laboratory methods for analysis of Quaternary landscapes based on field sites including fluvial, hillslope, coastal, glacial, and biosphere examples.
Restriction: permission of the Department.
Prerequisite(s): ERSC 2P17.
Note: students are expected to pay their own expenses.
ERSC 3V90-3V95
Selected Topics in Earth Sciences
Selected issues in Earth sciences.
ERSC 3V93
2017-2018: Exploration Geophysics
Introduction to the underlying physical principles and practical aspects of field acquisition, processing and data interpretation for the most common geophysical techniques used in mineral exploration: potential fields, radiometrics, resistivity and electromagnetic methods. The geological interpretation, data integration and applications to specific deposit types.
Lectures, lab, 5 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ERSC 2P17 and 2P21.
ERSC 4F91
Thesis
Research on geological problems involving field or laboratory study under faculty supervision.
Restriction: open to ERSC (Honours) (single or combined) majors with a minimum of 13.5 overall credits and a minimum 75 percent major average.
Note: submission and oral examination of thesis are required.
ERSC 4P01
Advanced Structural Geology
Exploration of topics relevant to structural geology through the study of the scientific literature. Topics may vary.
Lectures, seminar, lab, 5 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ERSC 3P01.
#ERSC 4P07
Advanced Remote Sensing
(also offered as GEOG 4P07)
Theory and practice of in situ, airborne and spaceborne remote sensing. Emphasis on techniques used to study natural and human-made environments. Topics include data acquisition and preprocessing, image analysis, accuracy assessment and the production of information products. Image processing and analyses using commercially available image-analysis software.
Lab, 3 hours per week.
Restriction: open to ERSC (single or combined),GEOG (single or combined) and GEOG (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors until date specified in Registration guide. Students must have approval to year 4 (honours).
Prerequisite(s): ERSC 3P07 or permission of the instructor.
ERSC 4P10
Advanced Clastic Sedimentology
Team study of the subsurface geology of a selected area of a Lake Erie gas field. Drill cores and geophysical logs are used to correlate lithostratigraphic units and to construct structure contour maps and isopach maps of gas-bearing strata. Introduction to sedimentary facies models.
Lab, seminar, 4 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ERSC 2P16.
ERSC 4P11
Sedimentary Facies Models
Depositional environments of clastic sediment in marine and non-marine settings and geological criteriafor recognizing their deposits.
Lectures/seminar, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ERSC 2P16 and 3P12.
ERSC 4P13
Advanced Geochemistry
Lithogeochemistry and spectroscopy, analytical methods in geochemistry, analysis and interpretation of stable and radioactive isotopes, aqueous geochemistry including equilibrium in real fluids, carbonate and silica equilibria, redox, metal solubility, geothermal, and fluid inclusions.
Lectures, lab, local field trips, 4 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ERSC 3P31.
ERSC 4P16
Precambrian Geology
Archaean and Proterozoic evolution of the Earth examining: geology, tectonics, stratigraphy and history of the Precambrian; evolution of the Earth's crust; Precambrian time scale; evolution of life, oceans and atmosphere.
Lectures, seminar, 4 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ERSC 3P21.
*ERSC 4P18
Paleobotany and Palynology
(also offered as BIOL 4P18)
Fossil record of the green lineage: chlorophytes, charophytes and embryophytes. Evolution of the clade Viridiplantae. Record of terrestrialization and of plant interactions with fungi and animals. Reconstruction of paleoenvironments and paleoclimates from paleobotanical evidence.
Lectures, lab, field trips, 5 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ERSC 2P03 or BIOL 2P93.
Note: ERSC 3P03 recommended.
ERSC 4P21
Advanced Igneous Petrology
Igneous petrogenesis, emphasizing the physical chemistry of igneous processes, igneous rock complexes and studies of a number of petrologically important areas.
Lectures, lab, 6 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ERSC 3P21.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in ERSC 3P94.
ERSC 4P22
Advanced Metamorphic Petrology
Synthesis of metamorphic textures, compositional variations and field characteristics with emphasis on the temperature-pressure relations of the metamorphic rocks and the role of fluids in metamorphism.
Lectures, lab, 6 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ERSC 3P21.
ERSC 4P25
Mineral Identification and Petrography of Ore Minerals
Transmitted-light microscope, optical properties of sulphide and oxide minerals as well as metals, ore mineral textures and examination of ore minerals in several geological settings.
Lab, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ERSC 2P21 and 3P98.
Note: ERSC 3P98 may be taken concurrently with ERSC 4P25.
#ERSC 4P26
Stream Form and Function
(also offered as BIOL 4P26 and GEOG 4P26)
Exploration of the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of stream systems.
Seminar, lab, field work, 3 hours per week.
Restriction: open to ERSC (single or combined), BIOL (single or combined), BIOL (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior), GEOG (single or combined) and GEOG (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors until date specified in Registration guide. Students must have approval to year 4 (honours).
Prerequisite(s): one of (ERSC 2P09), BIOL 2P05, 2Q04, GEOG 3P09 (2P09) or permission of the instructor.
*ERSC 4P28
Advanced Glacial Sedimentology
(also offered as GEOG 4P28)
Sedimentology of present day glacial environments and of Quaternary sediments. Thermo-mechanical principles of glacier physics as applied to past and present glacier ice conditions. Glacial lithofacies associations. Glacio-tectonics and diagenesis. Principles of glacial erosion, entrainment and deposition.
Lectures, lab, local field trip, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ERSC 3P24 or 3P26.
ERSC 4P31
Watershed Study and Assessment
Hydrologic/watershed cycle; fundamentals and principles of watersheds-interaction of hydrosphere-lithosphere-biosphere; physical characteristics, effects and controls of stream sediments/contaminants/pollutants; aqueous geochemistry; introduction to watershed toxicology. Investigation of concerns with several watersheds. Major study and report of a local subwatershed.
Lectures, lab, local field work, 4 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): one of ERSC 3P31, BIOL 3P71, 3P72, CHEM 2P42.
Note: students must supply their own safety equipment (safety glasses and lab coats).
ERSC 4P45
Advanced Environmental Site Assessment
Theoretical and practical training required for both Phase I and II Environmental Site Assessment in accordance with Canadian laws. Assessment, installation, development and monitoring of bore holes for soil and groundwater samples. Evaluation of environmental risk.
Lab, tutorial, local field work, 4 hours per week.
Restriction: students must have a minimum of 14.0 overall credits or approval to year 4 (honours).
Prerequisite(s): ERSC 4P31.
ERSC 4P47
Late Cenozoic Dinoflagellate Cysts
Biology and ecology of modern cyst-producing dinoflagellates, and the record of dinoflagellate cysts through the late Cenozoic including their morphology, taxonomy, paleoecology, biostratigraphy, molecular phylogeny and evolution. Topics include marine paleoenvironmental reconstruction, paleoceanography, paleoclimatology and oil industry applications.
Lectures, lab, seminar, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ERSC 3P03 or permission of the instructor.
ERSC 4P50
Petroleum Geology
Hydrocarbon exploration and exploitation, including physical and chemical properties of petroleum, methods of exploration, the subsurface environment, generation and migration of petroleum, reservoirs, traps and seals, sedimentary basins and petroleum systems, emphasizing Canada, nonconventional petroleum resources, and the economics and geopolitics of petroleum.
Lectures, lab, seminar, 4 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ERSC 3P12 (3P10).
ERSC 4P53
Mining Geology
Mining operations, types of mining methods, geological mapping in open pit mines and underground mines (flat and inclined development), plotting of mapping and projection onto cross-sections, exploration drilling and logging (core and chip logging), and geological interpretation.
Lab, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ERSC 3P98 and 3P99.
Note: ERSC 3P98 may be taken concurrently.
ERSC 4P61
Surface Hydrology
Distribution and variation of run-off, recurrence of floods and droughts; fluvial processes and sediment transport; limnology and paleolimnology; hydrologic and water management techniques; surface and groundwater interaction.
Lectures, lab, local field trip, 5 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ERSC 3P25 or 3P91.
#ERSC 4P80
Dendrochronology
(also offered as BIOL 4P80 and GEOG 4P80)
Fundamental principles of tree-ring analysis and applications to address contemporary issues in the fields of climate and environmental change, geomorphology, archaeology, and ecology.
Lectures, local field trip, 3 hours per week.
Restriction: open to ERSC (single or combined), BIOL (single or combined), BIOL (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior), GEOG (single or combined) and GEOG (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors until date specified in Registration guide. Students must have approval to year 4 (honours).
Prerequisite(s): one of (ERSC 2P09), BIOL 2Q04, GEOG 3P09 (2P09) or permission of the instructor.
Note: BIOL majors must take BIOL 2Q04; BIOL 2P93 or 2P94 is strongly recommended.
*ERSC 4P85
Ecosystems and Changing Disturbance Regimes
(also offered as BIOL 4P85 and GEOG 4P85)
Terrestrial ecosystem response to large-scale environmental change. Topics may include disturbance regimes, adaptation, alteration of biogeochemical cycles, invasive species and range shifts, carbon cycle feedbacks, predicting future climate and vegetation impacts, change detection, scaling-up and nonlinearity.
Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): ERSC 3P85 or permission of the instructor.
CO-OP COURSES
ERSC 0N01
Work Placement I
First Co-op work placement (4 months) with an approved employer.
Restriction: open to ERSC Co-op students.
ERSC 0N02
Work Placement II
Second Co-op work placement (4 months) with an approved employer.
Restriction: open to ERSC Co-op students.
ERSC 0N03
Work Placement III
Third Co-op work placement (4 months) with an approved employer.
Restriction: open to ERSC Co-op students.
ERSC 0N04
Work Placement IV
Optional Co-op work placement (4 months) with an approved employer.
Restriction: open to ERSC Co-op students.
ERSC 0N05
Work Placement V
Optional Co-op work placement (4 months) with an approved employer.
Restriction: open to ERSC Co-op students.
ERSC 2C01
Co-op Reflective Learning and Integration I
Provide student with the opportunity to apply what they've learned in their academic students through career-oriented work experiences at employer sites.
Restriction: open to EVGS and ERSC Co-op students.
Prerequisite(s): SCIE 0N90.
Corequisite(s): ERSC 0N01.
Note: students will be required to prepare learning objectives, participate in a site visit, write a work term report and receive a successful work term performance evaluation.
ERSC 2C02
Co-op Reflective Learning and Integration II
Provide student with the opportunity to apply what they've learned in their academic studies through career-oriented work experiences at employer sites.
Restriction: open to EVGS and ERSC Co-op students.
Prerequisite(s): SCIE 0N90.
Corequisite(s): ERSC 0N02.
Note: students will be required to prepare learning objectives, participate in a site visit, write a work term report and receive a successful work term performance evaluation.
ERSC 2C03
Co-op Reflective Learning and Integration III
Provide student with the opportunity to apply what they've learned in their academic studies through career-oriented work experiences at employer sites.
Restriction: open to EVGS and ERSC Co-op students.
Prerequisite(s): SCIE 0N90.
Corequisite(s): ERSC 0N03.
Note: students will be required to prepare learning objectives, participate in a site visit, write a work term report and receive a successful work term performance evaluation.
ERSC 2C04
Co-op Reflective Learning and Integration IV
Provide student with the opportunity to apply what they've learned in their academic studies through career-oriented work experiences at employer sites.
Restriction: open to EVGS and ERSC Co-op students.
Prerequisite(s): SCIE 0N90.
Corequisite(s): ERSC 0N04.
Note: students will be required to prepare learning objectives, participate in a site visit, write a work term report and receive a successful work term performance evaluation.
ERSC 2C05
Co-op Reflective Learning and Integration V
Provide student with the opportunity to apply what they've learned in their academic studies through career-oriented work experiences at employer sites.
Restriction: open to EVGS and ERSC Co-op students.
Prerequisite(s): SCIE 0N90.
Corequisite(s): ERSC 0N05.
Note: students will be required to prepare learning objectives, participate in a site visit, write a work term report and receive a successful work term performance evaluation.
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