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Chair Maureen Lux Professors Emeriti Craig R. Hanyan, Robert R. Taylor Professors Jack Lightstone, Maureen K. Lux, R. Andrew McDonald, Carmela K. Patrias, David H. Schimmelpenninck van der Oye, Mark G. Spencer Associate Professors John Bonnett, Michael D. Driedger, Tami J. Friedman, Renee Lafferty, Jane A. McLeod, Behnaz Mirzai, Elizabeth Neswald, Olantunji Ojo, Daniel Samson, Maria del Carmen Suescun Pozas, Elizabeth Vlossak, Ning Wang, Murray R. Wickett, Gregor Kranjc Assistant Professors Jessica Clark, Colin Rose Director, Co-op, Career and Experiential Education Cara Krezek Academic Adviser Liz Hay |
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Administrative Co-ordinator Frances Meffe 905-688-5550, extension 3500 573 Glenridge 257 Historians explore changes in past societies, cultures and peoples. They examine cultural, artistic, political, economic, intellectual, social, military and national history. Their interests range from the history of individuals and local communities to studies of nations and international relations. They analyse the causes and consequences of significant change over time. They seek to illuminate the past. The study of history involves surveying and gathering evidence and evaluating, interpreting and refining it by constructing clear and logical arguments on the basis of that evidence. Within the requirements indicated under the Honours program and Pass program, the Department allows students considerable flexibility in the selection of HIST courses. To assist students in refining their analytical and critical skills, weekly seminars are a crucial part of every history course. In many courses, individual students are given the responsibility of organizing and leading discussions on particular topics. The Department of History recommends combining History with other disciplines, such as Child and Youth Studies, Classics, Economics, English Language and Literature, Geography, Labour Studies, Philosophy, Political Science, Psychology, Sociology, Women's and Gender Studies. To qualify for admission to year 4 (honours), students must have a minimum 70 major average and approval of the Department. The application deadline is March 1 of the preceding academic year. Students wishing to apply for admission must meet with the Humanities Academic Adviser prior to the application deadline. See the Department for additional information. |
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The History Co-op program gives students the opportunity to gain job experience in a diverse range of professional fields at the same time that they are working on a well-rounded education. The History Co-op program combines academic and work terms over a four year period. Students spend two years in an academic setting prior to taking the first work placement. In addition to the current fees for courses in academic study terms, Co-op students are assessed an annual administrative fee (see Schedule of Fees). Eligibility to continue is based on the student's major average and non-major average. A student with a minimum 70 percent major average and a minimum 60 percent non-major average will be permitted to continue. A student with a major average lower than 70 percent will not be permitted to continue in the History Co-op program. All students in the Co-operative Education program are required to read, sign and adhere to the terms of the Student Regulations Waiver and Co-op Student Manuals (brocku.ca/co-op/current-students/co-op-student-manuals) as articulated by the Co-op Programs Office. In addition, eligibility to continue in the co-op option is based on the student's major average and non-major average, and the ability to demonstrate the motivation and potential to pursue a professional career. Each four-month co-operative education work term must be registered. Once students are registered in a co-op work term, they are expected to fulfill their commitment. If the placement accepted is for more than one four-month work term, students are committed to complete all terms. Students may not withdraw from or terminate a work term without permission from the Director, Co-op Program Office. The History Co-op program designation will be awarded to those students who have hounours standing and who have successfully completed a minimum of twelve months of Co-op work experience. |
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This program involves courses offered through Brock University and George Brown College. This four-year program combines courses and training in applied labour studies settings at George Brown College with a degree in History and Labour Studies at Brock. The program caters to individuals who wish to have a career in a wide variety of areas including unionized environments, occupational health and safety, politics, or human resources. The program allows students to gain both solid applied skills in these areas, and a strong theoretical knowledge about a variety of these topics. Students who successfully complete the requirements for this program will be granted both a degree from Brock, and two certificates from George Brown College 1) a certificate in Contemporary Labour Perspectives from the George Brown School of Labour, and 2) a Post-Graduate Certificate in Human Resources Management. Gaining both a degree and these certificates would ordinarily involve attending college after gaining a university degree, but the Brock and George Brown program combines the two in a single integrated package that can be completed in four years. Enrolment is limited. Please consult the Labour Studies entry for a listing of program requirements. |
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Eleven HIST credits are required for an Honours degree. Year 1
Years 2 and 3
Year 4
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Students admitted to the HIST Co-op program must follow an approved program pattern. The most common pattern is listed below. For other approved patterns, consult the Co-op Office. Year 1
Year 2
Spring/Summer Sessions:
Year 3
Spring/Summer Sessions:
Year 4
Spring/Summer Sessions:
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The Department of History and the Faculty of Education co-operate in offering two Concurrent BA (Honours)/BEd programs. The History BA (Honours)/BEd program combines the BA Honours program or BA Integrated Studies Honours program with the teacher education programs for students interested in teaching at the Intermediate/Senior level (grades 7-12) and at the Junior/Intermediate level (grades 4-10). Refer to the Education - Concurrent BA (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) or Education - Concurrent BA Integrated Studies (Honours)/BEd (Junior/Intermediate) program listings for further information. |
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Satisfactory completion of the first three years of the Honours program entitles a student to apply for a Pass degree. |
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Students may take a combined major in History and a second discipline. For requirements in the other discipline, the student should consult the relevant department/centre. It should be noted that not all departments/centres provide a combined major option. Honours
Pass
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Honours Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
Pass Satisfactory completion of the first three years of the Honours Program entitles a student to apply for a Pass Degree. |
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Students in other disciplines can obtain a Minor in History within their degree program by completing the following courses with a minimum 60 percent overall average:
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History and Labour Studies-George Brown College Consult the Labour Studies entry for a listing of program requirements. |
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Note that not all courses are offered in every session. Refer to the applicable term timetable for details. # Indicates a cross listed course * Indicates primary offering of a cross listed course |
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Students must check to ensure that prerequisites are met. Students may be deregistered, at the request of the instructor, from any course for which prerequisites and/or restrictions have not been met. HISTORY COURSES Looking Forward: Developing Historical Skills Development of learning and life skills of History majors. Restriction: permission of the Department Note: students will be required to participate in an array of workshops designed to promote successful academic habits. Empires and Revolutions Major empires and revolutions in global history. Introduction to the skills used in analyzing historical evidence. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Lords of the Sea: British Maritime History, 400-1800 Chronological and thematic examination of the British maritime world 400-1800. Topics include exploration, discovery, migration and settlement, maritime warfare, ship and navigational technologies, economic and cultural exchanges, piracy and shipwrecks, representations of the seas, and maritime mobility, connections and culture. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. World History since 1914 Major political, social, economic and cultural trends of the 20th century, focusing on developments in Europe and the way they have affected the rest of the world; the decline of Europe in global political and economic terms. Topics include the world wars, the Russian Revolution, fascism, the Holocaust, the Cold War, decolonization and conflict and its resolution in the international, political and social spheres. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. The Americas Comparative themes in the history of the Americas. Topics may include class, colonialism, culture, economics, gender, labour, political systems, race, religion, revolution and war. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Co-operative Historical Projects Introduction to the process, methods and challenges of collaborative research on archival sources. Seminar, 4 hours per week. Restriction: open to HICO majors until the date specified in Registration guide. American History Through its Music Social and political contexts of major topics in the history of the United States as seen through its music. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. The History of Sports in the United States History of amateur and professional sports in the U.S. from the colonial era to the present. Topics include Native American influences, sport in colonial America, rise of mass spectator sport, Victorian womanhood and sport, the professionalization of sports teams, collegiate sports, racism and sports, the Olympics, impact of media and technology, and the cult of sport celebrity. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Western European Society and Politics to 1800 Social and political themes in the history of Western Europe before 1800. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Western European Ideas and Worldviews to 1800 Turning points in European intellectual and cultural life from the Middle Ages through the Age of Revolutions. Topics include major intellectual trends such as the Renaissance, the Reformation, the Scientific Revolution, the Enlightenment and Romanticism. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. The History of Britain, 1485-2000 Major social, political, economic and cultural forces that shaped British society in the early modern and modern periods. Focus on daily life in British world and the rise and decline of empire. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Historical Geographic Information Systems (also offered as IASC 2F27) Overview of multiple fields in history in which Geographic Information Systems are applied. Instruction in use of software and provides local history project for students to apply software skills. Lectures, lab, 3 hours per week. Note: labs focus on the history of St. Catharines. Money and Power in the Atlantic World Explores the practice of history through an examination of the early modern Atlantic World. Emphasis on use of traditional historical practices and digital research tools. Note: offered online. Colonial Canada Canadian history from the pre-contact period to 1867. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Post-Confederation Canada Canadian history from 1867 to the present. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Early Medieval Britain 400-1000: Celts, Saxons and Vikings The end of Roman Britain to the Danish invasions and conquest of 1013-16. Migrations, invasions and settlements of Anglo-Saxons, Scots and Vikings; Romano-British and Brittonic society; quest for King Arthur; processes of state formation; heroic society; warfare; conversion to Christianity. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. The Medieval British Isles, 1000-1485 Medieval Britain from the Danish invasions and conquest of 1013-16 until the Wars of the Roses. Emphasis on Celtic societies; Norman Conquest and impact; kings and kingship; church and monasticism; Anglo-Celtic relations, including the Scottish Wars of Independence and the English conquest of Wales. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Colonial Latin America (also offered as MARS 2P08) Introduction to the history of Latin America from pre-hispanic times through 1810 focusing on the clashes, alliances and negotiations among indigenous peoples, conquistadores, slaves and missionaries. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Modern Latin America Introduction to the history of Latin America from the struggles for independence (1810) to the present. Topics include peasants, immigrants, workers and women in revolution, populism, dictatorship and democracies. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Glory and Despair: The United States 1607-1865 United States history and culture from earliest European settlement in North America to the Civil War. Topics include early contact between Europeans and Native Americans, the developing cultures of colonial America, slavery, the American Revolution, the United States Constitution, Jeffersonian America, Jacksonian Democracy, 19th-century social reform, Manifest Destiny and causes of the Civil War. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Ambiguities of Greatness: The United States 1865 to the Present United States history since the Civil War. Emphasis on Reconstruction, industrialization, immigration, labour and reform, imperialism and the world wars, the Great Depression, Cold War, consumer culture, race and gender, social protest and popular culture. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Revolutions in Communication (also offered as IASC 2P25) Major developments in the history of communication from the invention of writing until the modern information age. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Introduction to Digital History Emerging methods for teaching and researching history using new technological solutions. Topics include digital mapping and 3D environmental modelling, online source repositories, gaming history, and database construction and management. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. French Society and Politics in the 18th Century Rise of absolutism, war as a stimulus of social reform, the Enlightenment in its social context, comparisons with the developments in Prussia, Austria and Russia, and the origins of the French Revolution. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in HIST 2P41. Europe, 1815-1914 Political, social and cultural changes in Europe when it was still dominant globally. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Twentieth-Century Europe Themes in 20th-century European history. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Totalitarian Temptation: The 20th Century Ideologies and politics of Nazism, Fascism, Communism and other 20th-century European developments. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. The Culture of War in the Early Modern World Role of warfare in shaping early modern society, focusing on the experiences of soldiers, women and rural communities. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Gender in Modern European History (also offered as WGST 2P56) Men's and women's roles and experiences, and changing notions of femininity and masculinity, from the French Revolution to the present day. Intersection of gender with citizenship, nationalism, imperialism, class, work, education and war. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Introduction to the History of Medicine (also offered as HLSC 2P60) Changes in cultural knowledge of health and illness; social perceptions of the role of health care professionals and the impact on individual actions and government policy through history. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior), CHLH, CMTY, HLSC, MSCI, PHTH majors and HIST minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit or HLSC (CHSC) 1F90. Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in CHSC 2P60. Piracy and Ransoming in African History Captivity and ransoming refer to the seizure and release of captives in exchange for payment. Why were people seized? How did captives and state agents respond to captivity? What happened when ransom negotiations failed? Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Africa to 1800 Sources available for the study of African history, historical geography, social, political and economic institutions, and the slave trade. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in INTC 2P62. Conflicts and Revolutions in Africa Select conflicts since 1800. Roots, and the local and global socio-economic and political implications of these conflicts. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in INTC 2P63. War and Peace in the Modern Age Why and how have states gone to war? How do they keep the peace? Military and diplomatic history of the world beginning with the Napoleonic Wars through the 20th century, focusing on the Great Powers. Conflicts and international relations in Asia and Africa. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Late Imperial East Asia Socio-political change in and international relations between China, Japan, and Korea from the 17th century until the end of World War I. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Twentieth-Century East Asia Socio-political change in and international relations between China, Japan, and Korea since World War I. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. The Middle East, 600 - 1800 (also offered as MARS 2P70) Major themes in Middle Eastern history from the advent of Islam to 1800 AD Art, culture, religions, migration, minorities, slavery and political developments. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Popular Culture in the Modern Middle East (also offered as COMM 2P71 and PCUL 2P71) Influence and role of internet, music, cinema and theater, paintings, sports, foods and fashion in the daily life of people in the Middle East, and their historical transformations through modernization and globalization. How class, gender, economy and politics shaped and reshaped the artistic representations and popular culture in the region. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Modern Middle East Major developments in the Middle East including nationalism, the Arab-Israeli conflict, colonialism, Middle Eastern states, modernity and Islam, the Iranian Revolution, political economy, the Gulf and Iraq-Iran wars, as well as Islam and politics from the Ottoman and Qajar dynasties to the present. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Western Science From Aristotle to Newton (also offered as MARS 2P75) Western science from Greek natural philosophy through Arabic, Medieval and Renaissance science to the Scientific Revolution. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Note: no background in science is required. Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in LART 2P75. Making Modern Science Science from the Enlightenment to the atomic bomb including the Industrial Revolution; rise of Big Science; and Darwin, science and religion. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Note: no background in science is required. Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in LART 2P76. Europe's Reformations, 1450-1650 (also offered as MARS 2P91) Origins, course and consequences of the division of Western Christendom into Protestant and Catholic factions in the 16th century. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. The French Revolution Contested Debates about the French Revolution and its European impact (1788-1815) focusing on those about its origins, its role in the development of European political culture and its impact on the experience of women and the poor. Topics include the failure of the constitutional monarchy, the impact of war and the counter-revolution. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Early Russia Russian history from its beginnings in the Kievan period (ninth century) to the end of Catherine the Great's reign (1796). Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Modern Russia Politics, society and culture from 19th-century Imperial Russia through the Soviet Union. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Ideas and Culture before 1850 Major developments in European intellectual and cultural life, such as the Renaissance, the Scientific Revolution, the Enlightenment, Romanticism and the emergence of modern ideologies. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in LART 2P99. Canada: War and Nationalism Relation between war, ethnicity, and national identity in Canada in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. The United States, 1870-1930 Emergence of the United States as a global economic, cultural and military power. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Women in North America to 1865 (also offered as WGST 2Q93) Major themes in the history of women in Canada and the United States: native and European women in New France and British North America; women in the American Revolution; the lives of enslaved women; women and industrialization; women in the west; and social reform. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Women in North America, 1865 to the Present (also offered as WGST 2Q94) Major themes in the history of women in Canada and the United States: emancipation; industrialization and immigration; suffrage and social movements; gender, race and ethnicity; women and the two world wars; and feminism in the 1960s and 1970s. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Native-Newcomer Relations in Canada Relationship between Aboriginal people and the newcomers to their lands from the contact era, to military alliance and trade, treaty-making and reserves, emphasizing the roots of current debates and disputes. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Everyday Life in Early America Themes in the day-to-day life of early Americans, from colonial times to the early 19th century. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Topics in History Study of a particular area in history. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Historians and the Craft of History Historiography, historical methodology and the latest innovative instructional techniques in the discipline of History. Restriction: open to HIST Co-op students. Note: application must be submitted to the Department by March 15. Students enrolled in this course will act as senior mentors in learning and life skills to junior undergraduates majoring in History. Modern Britain Politics, economy, society and culture in the British Isles from the early 19th century to the present. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and one HIST credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. Note: HIST 2F20 recommended. Reading the Italian Medieval and Renaissance City (also offered as ITAL 3F50, MARS 3F50 and VISA 3F50) Exploring key monuments, churches, museums and urban sites. Concept of the city as expressed through art, literature and architecture from Medieval to Baroque times. Historical and geographical influences and factors in shaping the city, its culture and traditions. Cities include Rome, Assisi, Florence and Siena. Prerequisite(s): one HIST, ITAL, MARS or VISA credit or permission of the Italian Studies course co-ordinator. Note: offered in Italy during Spring session. Given in English. No knowledge of Italian is needed. Begins in May on campus during the Spring Session (3-4 weeks). Departure for Italy at end of May-beginning of June for a 2-week study tour of Rome, Assisi, Florence and Siena. Students are responsible for travel, accommodation and other expenses. Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in ITAL (VISA) 2F99 and ITAL (MARS/VISA) 3M50. Historical Studies Abroad Study of the history of a country or region in its own cultural and geographical context. Lectures/seminar. Restriction: students must have a minimum of 10.0 overall credits, permission of the Department and instructor. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and one HIST credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99. Note: usually offered in the Spring or Summer session with classes at Brock followed by two or three weeks of intensive study abroad. Background preparation and research preceding an intensive study period on location. Students are responsible for travel, accommodation and other expenses. Ideas and Culture since 1850 Intellectual and cultural developments in Europe and America during the 19th and 20th centuries. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and one HIST credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in LART 3P00. British Empires, 1500-1960 Politics, culture, and ideas about British expansion and nationalism from 1500 to 1960. Case studies from the earliest 'plantations' in Ireland to modern empire building in India, the Middle East and regions of Africa. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and one HIST credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. Note: HIST 2F20 recommended. History of Early Greece (also offered as CLAS 3P03) Social and political history of the Greek world from the Bronze Age to 450 BC: Minoans and Mycenaeans, Dark Age, colonizing period, tyrants, rise of Sparta, Persian wars, and Athenian Empire. Readings from Greek historians and documents in translation. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Note: CLAS 1P91 is recommended. History of Classical Greece (also offered as CLAS 3P04) Social and political history of the Greek world, 450-323 BC. The great war between Athens and Sparta, rivalry of city-states, rise of national states, Alexander the Great. Readings from Greek historians and documents in translation. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Note: CLAS 3P03 is recommended. History of the Roman Republic (also offered as CLAS 3P05) History of Rome to the Battle of Actium (31 BC) emphasizing social and political developments from the Gracchi to Julius Caesar. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Note: CLAS 1P92 is recommended. History of the Early Roman Empire (also offered as CLAS 3P06) History of Rome from the Battle of Actium to the death of Marcus Aurelius (AD 180) emphasizing social and political developments. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Note: CLAS 3P05 is recommended. . Growing Up: Childhood and Youth Since 1800 Popular, legal, medical, and professional conceptions of childhood and child-rearing in the 19th and early 20th centuries, focusing on how ethnicity, gender, religion, class and disability influence the experience and understanding of children and young people in the West. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and one HIST credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. American Enlightenment Intellectual and cultural history of the thirteen colonies and the early republic. Origins, manifestation and decline of the Enlightenment as seen through the life and writings of seminal American thinkers and less well-known figures. Transatlantic focus on dissemination of ideas and their impact. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and one HIST credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. Note: HIST 2P15 recommended. The American Revolution What was the American Revolution? Historical and historiographical points of view, combining the perspectives of intellectual, political, cultural, military and social history. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and one HIST credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. Note: HIST 2P15 recommended. Modern American Popular Culture Replacement of Victorian ideals with modern popular culture in the 20th century. Multidisciplinary view of American popular culture through the media of literature, art, film and music. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and one HIST credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. Note: HIST 2P16 recommended. Histories of Crime and Violence Topics in the history of crime and violence in the West since the medieval period emphasizing factors such as class and gender. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Race, Class and Gender in Latin America How questions of race or ethnicity, class and gender affect the way we understand the construction of a specific modern Latin American nation or region. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and one HIST credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. Note: HIST 2P08 and 2P09 recommended. History of Modern Political Thought Political ideas and thinkers from early modern England to the formation of the modern state. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and one HIST credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. The Viking Age (also offered as MARS 3P30) Vikings from their Scandinavian homelands as they raid, trade and settle throughout Europe and the North Atlantic, convert to Christianity, establish new kingdoms and eventually assimilate into medieval Christendom. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior), MARS (single or combined) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and one HIST credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. The Historian's Toolbox Methods and tools that can be applied in research on most historical subjects. Emphasizes the use of primary sources, digital tools and varieties of historical inquiry. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and one HIST credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. Imagining the Past: Introduction to Historiography Historical thinking, using major examples of historiography from the ancient world until the present. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and one HIST credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. North America's First Nations Topics in the history of North American Aboriginal peoples. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and one HIST credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. Note: one of HIST 2P01, 2P02, 2P15, 2P16 is recommended. Digital Innovations: History and Computing I (also offered as CLAS 3P36 and IASC 3P36) Explores innovative, digital methods historians are using to research, express and teach the past. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Note: practical component features introduction to 3D modelling. Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in HIST (CLAS/IASC) 3F31. Digital Innovations: History and Computing II (also offered as CLAS 3P37 and IASC 3P37) Surveys ways historians have used computation to transform our understanding of the past. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Note: practical component features introduction to more advanced methods for 3D modelling. Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in HIST (CLAS/IASC) 3F31. United States Foreign Policy Since 1945 United States foreign policy during the Cold War era including the rise to superpower status, the search for global economic hegemony, the national security state, cultural diplomacy, covert operations and military intervention. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and one HIST credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. Note: HIST 2P16 recommended. Wealth, Work and Power in the United States (also offered as LABR 3P48) Business, labour and the state in U.S. history, including the evolution of capitalism from home manufacture to mass production to the service sector, the rise of the modern corporation, changing nature of work, sexual and racial divisions of labour, public policy, class conflict, welfare capitalism, the Great Depression and New Deal, business and war, deindustrialization, globalization and free trade. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior), LABR (single or combined) majors and HIST minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and one HIST credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. Note: HIST 2P16 recommended. African American Experience History and culture since the introduction of peoples from Africa to the North American continent to the present day. Topics include origins of slavery, development of slave culture, varied forms of slave resistance, Civil War and emancipation, rise of sharecropping, formation of ghettos, segregation, the Harlem Renaissance, African Americans in the World Wars, the Civil Rights Movement, urban housing and social problems, rise of rap music. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and one HIST credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. Note: HIST 2P15 and/or 2P16 recommended. London, Paris, Berlin: History Through the Urban Landscape Comparative history of capital cities of Britain, France and Germany from 1900 to the present. Themes include industrialization and urbanization, urban, class and gender identities, history and memory in the urban landscape, and cities at war. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and one HIST credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. Weimar Germany, 1918-1933 Rise and fall of Germany's first republic emphasizing the political effects of the social and cultural developments of the interwar period. Topics include the 'New Woman' and gender relations; Berlin cabaret; Brecht; Bauhaus; art, literature, cinema, modernity and Nazism. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and one HIST credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. Note: HIST 2P52 and/or 2P53 recommended. Living with the Enemy: The History of World War II Occupation in Europe Axis occupation policies in Europe and the daily experiences and reactions of the occupied from 1939 -1945. Topics include resistance, collaboration, economic exploitation, genocide and crimes against humanity, the pillaging of cultural artifacts, post-war justice, retribution, and memory. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and one HIST credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. The History of Modern East-Central Europe Examination of the diverse peoples inhabiting the lands between the German and Russian worlds from the late 18th century to the present. Topics include external political domination of the region, the struggle for national independence, treatment of minorities, social and economic 'backwardness', the 'bloodlands' of World War II, the consequences of Communist rule, and the challenges of European integration. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and one HIST credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. History of Terrorism:Threat, Spin and Struggle Evolution of pre-modern and especially modern forms of terrorism, focusing on definitions, origins, tactics and objectives, counter-terrorism, propaganda, and terrorism’s consequences. Global developments, emphasizing Europe. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. The World of Genghis Khan: Inner Asia since 500 BC History of Mongolia, Tibet and Xinjiang. Political, economic, social and cultural topics. Emphasis on the nomadic encounter with the settled world (China, Russia), including the medieval nomadic invasions, the Great Game and nationalistic policies in the 20th century. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and HIST minors until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior), MARS (single or combined) majors and HIST minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and one HIST credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. Note: seminars will include films and primary sources (in translation). HIST 2P96 recommended. Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in INTC 3P60 Gender and Society in Ancient Mediterranean (also offered as CLAS 3P61 and WGST 3P61) Ancient constructions of femininity and masculinity and their relationship to the social, political and legal systems of the Greco-Roman world. Cultural regions vary. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Prerequisite(s): one of HIST 1P98, 1P99, CLAS 1P91, 1P92, 2P61, WGST 1F90 or permission of the instructor. Western Diasporas In the Ancient and Modern Eras (also offered as CLAS 3P63) Reception, presence and experience of migrant and immigrant peoples as cultural, religious and ethnic minorities in both ancient and modern times. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Africa and the African Diaspora Voluntary and involuntary movements of peoples of African ancestry across the continental homeland, their subsequent dispersion around the world and return to Africa. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and one HIST credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. Note: HIST 2P62 or 2P63 recommended. Ancient Law in the Near Eastern and Mediterranean Lands (also offered as CLAS 3P65) Principal codified legal corpora of the ancient world, including Mesopotamia, the Levant (Land of Israel), Greece and Rome. Lectures, 3 hours per week. African Economic History The African economy, emphasizing the question of economic development and underdevelopment. Labour, land, production and distribution systems, viewing the economy as deeply interconnected to global political, social and cultural forces. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and one HIST credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. Note: HIST 2P62 and 2P63 recommended. Canadian Immigration and Ethnic History Immigrants, immigration movements, problems of adjustment and government policies. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and one HIST credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. Note: HIST 2P01 or 2P02 recommended. Canadian Labour History (also offered as LABR 3P75) Canadian workers and the labour movement from the mid-19th century to the present, combining studies of trade unions with the broader context of the social, community and political life of workers. How gender and race/ethnicity have shaped the working class experience. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior), LABR (single or combined) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and one HIST credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. Note: HIST 2P02 recommended. Canadian Regional History Selected themes in the history of Canada's regions. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and one HIST credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. Note: HIST 2P02 recommended. The Canadian West The fur trade era when Aboriginal cultures and economies dominated, through the era of mass immigration, to the Depression and its legacy of social, political and medical innovation. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and one HIST credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. Note: HIST 2P02 recommended. Students will not receive earned credit for HIST 3P77 if HIST 3P76 has been successfully completed. History of Technology The role of machines and technology in shaping Western culture from the Industrial Revolution to the Internet; developments in power, information, communication, transportation and military technologies. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and one HIST credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. A History of Disability Technologies (also offered as ADST 3P82) Cultural, scientific and medical roots of disability technologies from 1850 to the present. Historical examination of how ability technologies reveal individual experiences with disability as well as related notions of citizenship, gender, sexuality, identity and accessibility. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Minorities of the Middle East Politics of modern Middle Eastern states; the formation of national identity; the changes in the position of ethnic and religious minorities; Christians, Jews and Muslims and their religious sectarians; slavery and gender. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and one HIST credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. Cultures and Societies of the Middle East European imperialism, migration and diaspora, nomads and pastoralists, marriage, national identity, Muslims and non-Muslim communities, urban life, ethnic and religious groups. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and one HIST credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. The American West Colonial rivalries and ethnic struggles in the settlement of the American West until the present day. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and one HIST credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. Note: HIST 2P15 or 2P16 recommended. Women and Gender in China Constructs of women, gender and sexuality in China from imperial period to Mao era. Norms, religions, customs, practices and legends in shaping women’s life, and changing status, gender relations and sexuality. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Traditional Chinese World: People and Culture Social and cultural history of China from the first empire to the early 20th century. Cultural values and customs, folk religion, family, kinship and gentry, food, medicine, women and gender, lifestyle and regional differences, and the impact of the physical environment. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and one HIST credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. Note: HIST 2P65 recommended. Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in INTC 3P89. The Rise and Fall of the Russian Empire The Russian empire and its components over the past 500 years. Topics include expansion, nationalities, diplomacy and the politics of dissolution in the post-Soviet era. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and two HIST credits numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. Note: HIST 2P96 or 2P98 recommended. Epidemics and Ideas: History of Medicine and Disease Impact of race, class and gender in the experience of health and healing from early contact to the 20th century in Canadian society. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and two HIST credits numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. The Church Besieged: Religion in North America after 1850 Real and perceived challenges to Christian churches in North America, late 19th century to modern period. Focus on fundamentalist belief and political engagement, and the emergence of new religious movements in response to, or inspired by, global conflict, feminism, socialism and scientific discovery. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Note: HIST 2P16 recommended. Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in HIST 3P09. Fraternalism and the Freemasons Fraternalism as a political, social and cultural force from the period of the Enlightenment until the end of the 19th century. Emphasis on development of public cultures, the spread of Empire, as well as the shaping and expression of gender norms, through participation in the brotherhood. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and two HIST credits numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. Historians and the Age of Religious Wars and Absolutism, 1559-1715 Historians' approaches to religious division in continental Europe. Political, religious and social developments in France with comparisons to conflict in other European countries. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours) /BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and two HIST credits numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. God's Country? Religion in North America before 1850 Influence of religious practices and beliefs on social and political life in North America from contact to 1850. Emphasis on popular religious activity outside of institutional churches and how belief shaped cultural experiences, gender relations and racial politics. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 1(alpha)99 and two HIST credits numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. Note: HIST 2P01 recommended. Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in HIST 3P08. Medieval and Early Modern Christianity (also offered as MARS 3P96) Interdisciplinary study of the continuities and discontinuities in the history of the Christian Church from the onset of the Middle Ages to the eve of the Protestant reformations. Examination of ecclesiastical authority, Christianity's interactions with Judaism and Islam, changing social structures, monastic reforms, the Crusades, magic, science, religion, the papacy, and the cult of saints and devotion to relics. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. The World of the Renaissance and Beyond (also offered as MARS 3P97) Interdisciplinary study of the primary texts relative to the European Renaissance and global questions that reshape the world, emphasizing the historical, cultural and intellectual legacies of the Renaissance, including literature, religion, philosophy, science, medicine and the history of exploration. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. French Canada Cultural, economic and political institutions of French Canada. Sources of French-English conflict, emphasizing such issues as education, cultural values, imperial defence and conscription. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and two HIST credits numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. The Challenge to Social Order in 18th-Century England The basis of Hanoverian stability and the threat to it from political factionalism, popular dissent and economic upheaval. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and two HIST credits numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. Note: HIST 2F20 recommended. Renaissance Perceptions of Indigenous Cultures (also offered as MARS 3Q91 and SPAN 3Q91) Perceptions and views of indigenous American peoples and civilizations in Renaissance Europe, drawing from written accounts, histories of the Indies, and visual representations of Incas, Aztecs and Mayans. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Prerequisite(s): one HIST, MARS, SPAN credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. Note: given in English. Moors, New Christians and Renegades (also offered as MARS 3Q92 and SPAN 3Q92) Contesting identity categories resulting from exchanges and interactions of Christians and Muslims in the early modern Mediterranean world, through the study of historical and fictional primary sources. Lectures/seminar, 3 hours per week. Prerequisite(s): one HIST, MARS or SPAN credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. Note: given in English. The Crusades The Crusading Movement 1095-1291, including its growth in western Europe, the crusader kingdoms, crusades outside the Holy Land and the Islamic response to the crusades. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior), MARS (single or combined) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and two HIST credits numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. Revolution in Latin America Social, economic and intellectual roots of revolution in Mexico and Central America. Comparison of how revolutionary leaders used class, race and gender to recruit allies or isolate enemies. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and two HIST credits numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. Note: HIST 2P08 and/or 2P09 recommended. History and the North American Environment Overview of human interaction with nature in North America; nature and natural resources as they shape patterns of human life; how attitudes toward nature shape cultural and political life; the consequences of human alterations of the natural world for natural and human communities. Seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and two HIST credits numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. Note: one of HIST 2P01, 2P02, 2P15, 2P16 recommended. Environment and History in the Early Modern World Role of the environment in shaping human societies from the 14th to the 18th centuries. Emphasis on feedback between built and natural environments. Comparison of European and non-European societies. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 1(alpha)99 and one HIST credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. The Sixties Social movements and social change in the United States in the 1960s; student, civil rights, antiwar, women's and other forms of activism; global context; causes and consequences of '60s revolts. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and two HIST credits numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. Note: HIST 2P16 recommended. Topics in Canadian History Topics in Canadian History. Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors and minors until date specified in Registration guide. Prerequisite(s): one of CANA 2P91, 2P92, one HIST credit numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 and two HIST credits numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. Note: HIST 2P01 or 2P02 recommended. Literature of the English Revolution (also offered as ENGL 4P00) Writings from the 1640s to the Restoration, including Areopagitica, Eikon Basilike, female prophecy and Agreement of the People, from literary, critical, historical and theoretical perspectives. Seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to ENCW (single or combined), ECUL, ENGL (single or combined), ENGL (Honours)/BEd (intermediate/Senior) and WRDS (single or combined) majors until date specified in Registration guide. Students must have approval to year 4 (honours) or permission of the instructor and the Chair. Sources and Methods of Medieval History (also offered as MARS 4P01) Different types of medieval source material and the ways in which they can be utilized by historians. Seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined), HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) and MARS majors with approval to year 4 (honours). Note: students in other disciplines may register with permission of the instructor and Director of the Centre for Medieval and Renaissance Studies. Students will be encouraged to share their research projects from MARS 4P00 in the discussions. Slavery in Africa Historiography of African slavery from 1400 to the present. Specificities of African slavery, family, women and children, urban/rural, African/Muslim/Euro-American factors, resistance, emancipation and manumission of slaves, related forms of unfree labour. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours) until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to students with permission of the Department and to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours). The American Ghetto Formation of ethnic and racial ghettos in the United States from the early 19th century until today. Topics include the push/pull factors that affected the formation of ghettos and their cultural life, focusing on immigrant groups such as the Irish, Jews, Mexicans and Eastern Europeans as well as African Americans. Seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours) until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to students with permission of the Department and to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours). History in the Field: Ontario and the War of 1812 (also offered as CANA 4P10) Social, cultural, political and economic impact of the War of 1812 in Southern Ontario, emphasizing commemoration and public history. Examinations of historic sites, battle fields, and material artifacts will supplement study of historical and historiographical texts; field research at local museums, archives and historic sites. Seminar, 3 hours per week Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours) until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to students with permission of the Department and to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours). Prerequisite(s): HIST 2P01 or permission of the instructor. Note: students are responsible for travel and other expenses. State and Society in Colonial Canada Major cultural and political themes in Canadian colonial history from the British conquest of Acadia to the Confederation of the colonies. Seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours) until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to students with permission of the Department and to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours). Women and Gender in African History Women's changing status and opportunities in the social, political and economic structures of African states and polities from early times to the present. Varieties of social constructions of gender and gender relationships with the changing historical contexts of state formation, trade, religion, imperialism and popular culture. Seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours) until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to students with permission of the Department and to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours). Africa in World History The African encounter with the wider world, focusing on African contacts with Arabs and Europeans, global migrations, imperialism and African response, the world wars and decolonization. Seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours) until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to students with permission of the Department and to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours). Note: HIST 2P62 or 2P63 recommended Race, Ethnicity and Immigration in the United States Experiences of various ethnic groups in the development of the United States from the 19th century to present. Seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours) until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to students with permission of the Department and to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours). Topics in Latin American History Major themes in political, social, economic and cultural history focusing on race, class, gender, spirituality and memory, their meanings in context, and their interaction within institutional frameworks. Sources, their analysis and interpretation, and historiographical traditions. Seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours) until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to students with permission of the Department and to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours). Note: HIST 2P08 and/or 2P09 recommended. Wallace, Bruce and the Wars of Scotland Wars of Independence. Who these men were, what they fought for and why they remain prominent figures in Scottish history and legend. Seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours) until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to students with permission of the Department and to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours). The United States and the Cold War The Cold War through such themes as atomic science, the Red Scare, popular culture, sex and gender, civil rights and Third World nationalism. Seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours) until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to students with permission of the Department and to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours). Witchcraft Episodes in Britain and America, 1500-1700 Persecution for witchcraft within the context of religious change, socio-economic friction and gender relations. Comparative focus on the nature of witchcraft episodes in England, Scotland and New England. Seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours) until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to students with permission of the Department and to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours). American Political Ideas, 1760-1805 American political ideas and the historiography of the Founding Era. Seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours) until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to students with permission of the Department and to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours). Cultures of Consumption in the British World Major social, cultural and economic themes in the history of consumption in Britain from 1750. Global movement of consumer goods across the British world, from imperial sites of production to Britons’ homes. Case studies of specific commodities central to international trade networks and popular amongst British consumers. Seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours) until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to students with permission of the Department and to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours). The Russian Revolution Causes of the Romanov dynasty's collapse and its replacement by Bolshevism. Seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours) until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to students with permission of the Department and to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours). Note: HIST 2P98 recommended. Gender and Empire in the British World History of gender and empire in the British World from 1750, focusing on race and intimacy, sexuality and power, colonial medicine and bodies, and the colonial archive. Seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours) until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to students with permission of the Department and to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours). The Holocaust Origins, nature and legacy of the Holocaust. Seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours) until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to students with permission of the Department and to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours). Nazi Germany Rise of Hitler and the Third Reich, Nazification of German society, culture and the ecomomy, war, postwar denazification, and coming to terms with the Nazi past focusing on historiography. Topics include race, class and gender, science and technology, Jewish policy and the Holocaust, occupied Europe, resistance and collaboration, and politics of memory and commemoration. Seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours) until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to students with permission of the Department and to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours). Censorship: A Comparative Approach Comparison of attitudes and approaches to censorship in a number of contexts including the Inquisition, the English Civil War, absolute monarchy, the French Revolution and the totalitarian state between the Middle Ages and the 20th century. Seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours) until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to students with permission of the Department and to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours). The French Revolution The intersection of the ideals of the French revolutionaries with late 18th-century views about social hierarchy, gender, property and race. Topics include the collapse of absolute monarchy, the origins of the important ideals of the revolutionaries and the obstacles faced in their implementation. Seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours) until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to students with permission of the Department and to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours). Note: HIST 2P42 recommended. Food and Drink: Society, Science and Economy Exploration of major topics connecting food, culture, science, agriculture, economic development and politics from the early modern era to the 20th century. Seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours) until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to students with permission of the Department and to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours). Material Cultures of Science and Technology Material cultures approaches to history; role of artifacts in the history of science and technology; how historians interpret objects and non-traditional material sources and interpret their historical and social significance. Seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours) until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to students with permission of the Department and to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours). Science, Technology and Gender (also offered as WGST 4P48) Science and technology as shaped by cultural perceptions of gender. How has gender influenced ideas of nature, determined scientific inquiry and influenced the path of technological innovation? Seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours) until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to students with permission of the Department and to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours). Prerequisite(s): one HIST credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor. Science and 19th-Century Culture Social and cultural history of 19th-century science and technology, focusing on Victorian Britain. How railways, evolutionary theory, industrialization and secularization changed people's lives and their perception of the world. Seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours) until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to students with permission of the Department and to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours). Note: no background in science is required. Directed Research Directed research on a selected topic. Restriction: permission of the instructor and the Department. Note: application form including a research proposal must be submitted by March 31 before entering year 4. Nations and Nationalism in 20th-Century Europe Evolution of European nations, nationalisms and national identities over the course of the short 20th century. Major theories of nationalism, conflicting concepts of the nation, historiographical controversies and recent research. Seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours) until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to students with permission of the Department and to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours). Social History of the Renaissance Lived experiences of daily life, including childhood and family life, crime and violence, religion, and religious reform. Seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours) until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to students with permission of the Department and to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours). Note: HIST 2P99 recommended. Intellectuals in Revolutionary China Major themes in the history of Chinese intellectuals in the 20th century, especially their involvement in the Communist revolution and the development of the People's Republic of China. Seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours) until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to students with permission of the Department and to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours). Note: HIST 2P66 recommended. China under Communist Rule Major features and sociopolitical life of China under the Communists; political campaigns, persecutions, economic adventures, and social upheavals. China after Mao and the transformation to 'autocratic capitalism' and the 'rise of China'. Seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours) until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to students with permission of the Department and to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours). Women of the Middle East The significance of religion, culture, economy and politics in shaping the role of women and their contributions to modern Middle Eastern societies. The changing status of Middle Eastern women, and their images in tradition and Islamic law as well as Western literature. Seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours) until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to students with permission of the Department and to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours). Histories of the End: Varieties of Apocalypticism The history of apocalyptic thought and millenarian movements studied from a comparative perspective. Seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours) until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to students with permission of the Department and to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours). Religious Radicalism Religious dissent and nonconformity examined using the principles of inquiry-based learning. Seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours) until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to students with permission of the Department and to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours). Slavery in the Middle East Comparative analysis of the institution of slavery in the Middle East since 1800. Political, economic, social and legal ideologies for the organization of the slave trade, the abolition of slavery and the emancipation of slaves. Seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours) until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to students with permission of the Department and to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours). First Nations in Modern Canada History of Aboriginal people in Canada including colonialism, interactions with missionaries, treaties and Aboriginal sovereignty, education and residential schools, health and health care policies, activism, oral narratives, land claims and resource exploitation. Seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours) until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to students with permission of the Department and to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours). Note: HIST 2Q97 recommended. The World We Have Lost: Comparative Rural History Major patterns of international rural history, emphasizing cultural, political and social questions. Seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours) until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to students with permission of the Department and to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours). Seminar in Academic Editing and Publishing Faculty guidance in managing, editing and producing the Brock University Historical Society's undergraduate journal The General. Restriction: permission of the instructor and the Department. Advanced Seminar Graduate level seminar on a selected topic. Restriction: permission of the instructor and the Department. Honours Tutorial Directed reading in a selected field. Restriction: permission of the instructor and the Department. Note: application form including a research proposal must be submitted by March 31 before entering year 4. Themes in Literature and History Seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours) until date specified in Registration guide and then open to other students with permission of the Department. Topics in History Studies of selected problems in different eras of Canadian, American and European history. Topics studied in any given year will focus on a particular theme. Seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST (single or combined) and HIST (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors with approval to year 4 (honours) until date specified in Registration guide and then open to other students with permission of the Department. CO-OP COURSES Work Placement I First co-op work placement (4 months) with an approved employer. Restriction: open to HIST Co-op students. Work Placement II Second co-op work placement (4 months) with an approved employer. Restriction: open to HIST Co-op students. Work Placement III Third co-op work placement (4 months) with an approved employer. Restriction: open to HIST Co-op students. Work Placement IV Optional fourth co-op work placement (4 months) with an approved employer. Restriction: open to HIST Co-op students. Work Placement V Optional fifth co-op work placement (4 months) with an approved employer. Restriction: open to HIST Co-op students. Co-op Professional Preparation Provides students with the tools, resources and skills to maximize co-op employment and professional development opportunities. Lectures, presentation, site visits, 1.5 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST Co-op students. Co-op Leadership Workshop I Skills in interpersonal communication and effective problem solving. Students who complete this course achieve Bronze and Silver standing in the Foundations in Leadership practicum series. Seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST Co-op students or permission of the Co-ordinator of the Foundations in Leadership series. Note: students will be charged a fee for supplies. Co-op Leadership Workshop II Skills in group work and evaluation of personal leadership styles. Students who complete this course achieve Gold and Platinum standing in the Foundations in Leadership practicum series. Seminar, 3 hours per week. Restriction: open to HIST Co-op students or permission of the Co-ordinator of the Foundations in Leadership series. Note: students will be charged a fee for supplies. Co-op Reflective Learning and Integration I Provide student with the opportunity to apply what they've learned in their academic studies through career-oriented work experiences at employer sites. Restriction: open to HIST Co-op students. Prerequisite(s): HIST 0N90. Corequisite(s): HIST 0N01. Note: students will be required to prepare learning objectives, participate in a site visit, write a work term report and receive a successful work term performance evaluation. Co-op Reflective Learning and Integration II Provide student with the opportunity to apply what they've learned in their academic studies through career-oriented work experiences at employer sites. Restriction: open to HIST Co-op students. Prerequisite(s): HIST 0N90. Corequisite(s): HIST 0N02. Note: students will be required to prepare learning objectives, participate in a site visit, write a work term report and receive a successful work term performance evaluation. Co-op Reflective Learning and Integration III Provide student with the opportunity to apply what they've learned in their academic studies through career-oriented work experiences at employer sites. Restriction: open to HIST Co-op students. Prerequisite(s): HIST 0N90. Corequisite(s): HIST 0N03. Note: students will be required to prepare learning objectives, participate in a site visit, write a work term report and receive a successful work term performance evaluation. Co-op Reflective Learning and Integration IV Provide student with the opportunity to apply what they've learned in their academic studies through career-oriented work experiences at employer sites. Restriction: open to HIST Co-op students. Prerequisite(s): HIST 0N90. Corequisite(s): HIST 0N04. Note: students will be required to prepare learning objectives, participate in a site visit, write a work term report and receive a successful work term performance evaluation. Co-op Reflective Learning and Integration V Provide student with the opportunity to apply what they've learned in their academic studies through career-oriented work experiences at employer sites. Restriction: open to HIST Co-op students. Prerequisite(s): HIST 0N90. Corequisite(s): HIST 0N05. Note: students will be required to prepare learning objectives, participate in a site visit, write a work term report and receive a successful work term performance evaluation. |
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2018-2019 Undergraduate Calendar
Last updated: July 6, 2018 @ 08:37AM