2024-2025 Undergraduate Calendar-Tourism Studies

Last updated: June 5, 2024 @ 09:22AM

Tourism Studies

Chair
Michael Pisaric

Academic Advisers
Samantha Morris, Teresa Shanley

General Information

Administrative Co-ordinator/Academic Advisor
Teresa Shanley

905-688-5550, extension 3484
Mackenzie Chown C322
brocku.ca/geotour

Brock University is an ideal location in which to engage in tourism studies. The University is uniquely positioned on the Niagara Escarpment (a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve) and is minutes away from Niagara Falls, one of the world's premier international tourism destinations. The Niagara Region is also home to more than 100 wineries and a wide variety of rural and sports tourism operations, golf courses, gaming facilities, hiking and bicycle infrastructure, and cultural and heritage attractions.

The Department of Geography and Tourism Studies offers a four-year Tourism and Environment program leading to a Bachelor of Arts degree (Honours and BA with Major) and a three-year BA Pass degree program. All Students in the program can pursue a Stream in Tourism Management.

These degrees allow students to integrate sustainability (environmental, social, economic and political) and tourism management into their programs of study. Allied with the Goodman School of Business, the Tourism Management stream offers a range of business-related courses.

Students will develop transferable skills in many important areas, including research skills, communication skills, critical thinking, problem-solving abilities, and the ability to work collaboratively with others. Students will also learn to incorporate innovative, creative and responsible opinions and perspectives into their future endeavours.

The field course TOUR 3P57 is held in October in the week following Thanksgiving Day, with seminars/labs during term. This course is mandatory for students entering year 3; prospective students must register with the Department by April of the preceding academic year.

TOUR 4F99 is a required internship course in year 4, enabling students to obtain valuable work experience while still at the University. Prospective students must register with the Department by April of the preceding academic year.

The requirement for graduation with a BA (Honours) is a minimum 70 percent major average and a minimum 60 percent non-major average. The requirement for graduation with a BA with Major and a BA Pass is a minimum 60 percent major average and a minimum 60 percent overall average.

Co-op Program

The Tourism Management stream Co- op program combines academic and work terms over a four year period. Students spend the first two terms in an academic setting where their exposure to courses in the area of Tourism Management provides the necessary background for the first work placement. In addition to the current fees for courses in academic study terms, Tourism Management stream Co-op students are assessed an annual administration fee (see the Schedule of Fees).

Eligibility to continue in the Co-op program is based on the student's major average and non-major average. A student with a minimum 70 percent major average and a minimum 60 percent non-major average will be permitted to continue. A student with a major average lower than 70 percent will not be permitted to continue in the Tourism Management stream Co-op program, but may continue in the BA Tourism Management stream non-Co-op program. For further information, see the Co-op programs section of the Calendar and contact the Department of Geography and Tourism Studies.

All students in the Co-operative Education program are required to read, sign and adhere to the terms of the Student Regulations Waiver and Co-op Student Manual (brocku.ca/co-op/current-students/co-op-student manuals) as articulated by the Co-op Programs Office. In addition, eligibility to continue in the Co-op option is based on the student's major average and non-major average, and the ability to demonstrate the motivation and potential to pursue a professional career.

Each four-month co-operative education work term must be registered. Once students are registered in a Co-op work term, they are expected to fulfill their commitment. If the placement accepted is for more than one four-month work term, students are committed to complete all terms. Students may not withdraw from or terminate a work term without permission from the Director, Co-op Program Office.

The Tourism and Environment Co-op program designation will be awarded to those students who have successfully completed a minimum of twelve months of Co-op work experience.

Program Notes

Students are strongly recommended to take one credit from GEOG 1P10, 1P11 or 1P12 as an elective credit to be able to take Physical Geography courses yet cannot use it to satisfy the Sciences context requirement.
Students are strongly recommended to take TOUR 2P34, 3P32, 3P36, 3P94, 3P95, 3Q97, 4P31, 4P33, and 4P34.
Students pursuing a Pass degree may substitute a 1.0 TOUR credit numbered 3(alpha)00 or above for TOUR 3P21 and 3P22.
One additional credit from Goodman School of Business is strongly recommended.
Combined majors may substitute TOUR 2P21, 3P21, 3P22 and 4F99 with equivalent credits in their co-major; please consult the Geography and Tourism Studies Academic Advisor.
In 20 credit Honours degree programs a maximum of eight credits may be numbered 1(alpha)00 to 1(alpha)99; at least three credits must be numbered 2(alpha)90 or above; at least three credits must be numbered 3(alpha)90 or above; and the remaining credits must be numbered 2(alpha)00 or above.
In this 20 credit BA with Major degree program a maximum of eight credits may be numbered 1(alpha)00 to 1(alpha)99; at least four and one-half credits must be numbered 2(alpha)90 or above; at least one and one-half credits must be numbered 3(alpha)90 or above; and the remaining credits must be numbered 2(alpha)00 or above.
In 15 credit degree programs a maximum of eight credits may be numbered 1(alpha)00 to 1(alpha)99; at least three credits must be numbered 2(alpha)90 or above; and the remaining credits must be numbered 2(alpha)00 or above.

In some circumstances, in order to meet university degree and program requirements, more than 20 credits may be taken.

Honours Program

Tourism Management Stream

Combining courses from various areas provides a broad background with a specialization in Tourism Management

Year 1

·	TOUR 1P91 and 1P92
·	COMM 1P97
·	two from GEOG 1P01, 1P02 or 1P03
·	one Humanities context credit
·	one Sciences context credit
·	one-half elective credit

Year 2

·	TOUR 2P21
·	one and one-half TOUR credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99
·	COMM 1P96
·	ENTR 2P51 or ITIS 2P51
·	MKTG 2P51 and 2P52
·	one elective credit (see program note 6)

Year 3

·	TOUR 3P21, 3P22 and 3P57 (see program note 3)
·	one and one-half TOUR credit numbered 2(alpha)90 to 3(alpha)99 (see program note 6)
·	ENTR 2P51 or ITIS 2P51 (not taken in year 2)
·	OBHR 2P51 and 2P52
·	one-half elective credit (see program note 6)

Year 4

·	TOUR 4F99
·	two TOUR credits numbered 3(alpha)90 or above (see program note 6)
·	one credit from ENTR, ITIS, MKTG, OBHR
·	one elective credit (see program notes 4 and 6)

Tourism Management Stream Co-op (Honours only)

Students admitted to the Co-op program must follow an approved program pattern. The most common pattern is listed below. For other approved programs consult the Co-op office.

Year 1

·	TOUR 0N90, 1P91 and 1P92
·	COMM 1P97
·	one credit from GEOG 1P01, 1P02 or 1P03
·	one Humanities context credit
·	one Sciences context credit
·	one-half elective credit

Spring/Summer Sessions:

·	TOUR 0N01 and 2C01

Year 2

·	TOUR 2P21
·	one and one-half TOUR credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99
·	COMM 1P96
·	ENTR 2P51 or ITIS 2P51
·	MKTG 2P51 and 2P52
·	one elective credit (see program note 6)

Spring/Summer Sessions:

·	TOUR 0N02 and 2C02

Year 3

·	TOUR 3P21, 3P22 and 3P57
·	one and one-half TOUR credit numbered 2(alpha)90 to 3(alpha)99 (see program note 6)
·	ENTR 2P51 or ITIS 2P51 (not taken in year 2)
·	OBHR 2P51 and 2P52
·	one-half elective credit (see program note 6)

Spring/Summer Sessions:

·	TOUR 0N03 and 2C03

Year 4

·	Three TOUR credits numbered 3(alpha)90 or above (see program note 6)
·	one credit from ENTR, ITIS, MKTG, OBHR
·	one elective credit (see program notes 4 and 6)

Tourism and Environment

Year 1

·	TOUR 1P91 and 1P92
·	one credit from GEOG 1P01, 1P02 or 1P03
·	one Humanities context credit
·	one Sciences context credit
·	one elective credit (see program note 1)

Year 2

·	TOUR 2P21
·	two and one-half TOUR credits numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99
·	GEOG 2P66
·	one of GEOG 2P01, 2P03, 2P06, 2P13
·	one elective credit (see program note 6)

Year 3

·	TOUR 3P21, 3P22, 3P30 and 3P57 (see program note 3)
·	one and one-half TOUR credits numbered 2(alpha)90 or above (see program note 6)
·	one-half GEOG credit numbered 2(alpha)90 to 3(alpha)89
·	one elective credit (see program note 6)

Year 4

·	TOUR 4F99
·	two TOUR credits numbered 3(alpha)90 or above (see program note 6)
·	one GEOG credit numbered 2(alpha)90 or above (see program note 6)
·	one elective credit (see program note 6)

BA with Major Program

Tourism Management Stream

Year 1

·	TOUR 1P91 and 1P92
·	COMM 1P97
·	one credit from GEOG 1P01, 1P02 or 1P03
·	one Humanities context credit
·	one Sciences context credit
·	one-half elective credit

Year 2

·	TOUR 2P21
·	one and one-half TOUR credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99
·	COMM 1P96
·	ENTR 2P51 or ITIS 2P51
·	MKTG 2P51 and 2P52
·	one elective credit (see program note 6)

Year 3

·	TOUR 3P21, 3P22 and 3P57
·	one and one-half TOUR credit numbered 2(alpha)90 to 3(alpha)99
·	ENTR 2P51 or ITIS 2P51 (not taken in year 2)
·	OBHR 2P51 and 2P52
·	one-half elective credit (see program note 6)

Year 4

·	One-half TOUR credit numbered 2(alpha)90 or above
·	one and one-half TOUR credits numbered 3(alpha)90 or above
·	one ACTG, ENTR, FNCE, ITIS, MGMT, MKTG, OBHR, OPER credit
·	two elective credits (see program notes 4 and 6)

Tourism and Environment

Year 1

·	TOUR 1P91 and 1P92
·	one credit from GEOG 1P01, 1P02 or 1P03
·	one Humanities context credit
·	one Sciences context credit
·	one elective credit (see program note 1)

Year 2

·	TOUR 2P21
·	two and one half TOUR credits numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99
·	GEOG 2P66
·	one of GEOG 2P01, 2P03, 2P06, 2P13
·	one elective credit (see program note 6)

Year 3

·	TOUR 3P21, 3P22, 3P30 and 3P57
·	one and one-half TOUR credits numbered 2(alpha)90 to 3(alpha)90 (see program note 6)
·	one-half GEOG credit numbered 2(alpha)90 to 3(alpha)89
·	one elective credit (see program note 6)

Year 4

·	One-half TOUR credit numbered 2(alpha)90 or above (see program note 6)
·	one and one-half TOUR credits numbered 3(alpha)90 or above (see program note 6)
·	one GEOG credit numbered 2(alpha)90 or above (see program note 6)
·	two elective credits (see program note 6)

Pass Program

Satisfactory completion of the first three years of the Honours program entitles a student to apply for a Pass degree.

Combined Major Program

Students may take a combined major in Tourism Studies and another discipline. For requirements in the co-major discipline, the student should consult the relevant department/centre. It should be noted that not all departments/centres provide a combined major option.

Honours

·	TOUR 1P91 and 1P92
·	TOUR 2P21, 3P21, 3P22, 3P57 and 4F99 (see program note 5)
·	one and one-half TOUR credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99
·	one-half TOUR credit numbered 3(alpha)00 to 3(alpha)89
·	one TOUR credit numbered 3(alpha)90 or above

Pass

Satisfactory completion of the first three years of the Honours program entitles a student to apply for a Pass degree.

Concentration in Cultural Transmission and Heritage Studies
Consult the Studies in Arts and Culture entry for a listing of program requirements.

Minor in Tourism Studies

Students in other disciplines can obtain a Minor in Tourism Studies within their degree program by completing the following courses with a minimum 60 percent overall average:

·	TOUR 1P91 and 1P92
·	one and one-half TOUR credits numbered 2(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99
·	one and one-half TOUR credits numbered 3(alpha)00 or above

Description of Courses

Note that not all courses are offered in every session. Refer to the applicable term timetable for details.

# Indicates a cross listed course
* Indicates primary offering of a cross listed course

Prerequisites and Restrictions

Students must check to ensure that prerequisites are met. Students may be deregistered, at the request of the instructor, from any course for which prerequisites and/or restrictions have not been met.

TOURISM STUDIES COURSES

TOUR 1P91
Introduction to Tourism
Understanding the fundamental principles and theories of tourism including scope, demand, supply, destination and visitor management, and socio-cultural, environmental and economic impacts of tourism in the context of sustainable tourism.
Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week.
Note: this course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in TREN 1F90 and TMGT (TREN) 1P91.

TOUR 1P92
Tourism Industry Sectors
Understanding the structure, nature, and operations of key tourism industry sectors in the context of the principles of sustainability.
Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week.
Note: this course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in TREN 1F90, 2P11 and TMGT (TREN) 1P92.

TOUR 2P07
Introduction to Geospatial Technologies
(also offered as ERSC 2P07, GEOG 2P07 and IASC 2P07)
Concepts and applications of geographic information systems (GIS), global positioning systems (GPS) and remote sensing. Properties of digital maps, airborne data and satellite imagery. Principles of map compilation and design. Practical experience in computer mapping, image interpretation in GIS analysis.
Lectures, lab, 4 hours per week.
Note: this course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.

TOUR 2P13
Resource and Environmental Geographies
(also offered as GEOG 2P13)
Analysis of the relation between resources, global environmental dynamics, and the management of uncertainty. Emphasis on the changing pattern of energy flows.
Lectures, seminar, 4 hours per week.
Restriction: open to ERSC, GEOG, TOUR (single or combined), BEd majors, GEOG and TOUR minors until date specified in Registration guide. Minimum of 3.0 overall credits.
Note: this course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.

TOUR 2P14
Geographies of Alcohol Production in Niagara
(also offered as GEOG 2P14)
Application of geographical principles to explore the evolving geographies of alcohol production in Niagara. Critical evaluation of cultural and economic processes such as place-branding, regional development, and tourism.
Lecture, 3 hours per week.
Note: this course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.

TOUR 2P21
Introduction to Research Design and Methodology
(also offered as GEOG 2P21)
Concepts related to research design. Properties of knowledge, preparing for research, describing and interpreting data.
Lectures, lab, 4 hours per week.
Restriction: open to GEOG, TOUR (single or combined), BEd majors, GEOG and TOUR minors until date specified in Registration guide.
Prerequisite(s): minimum of 3.0 overall credits.
Note: one of GEOG 1P01, 1P02, 1P03, 1P10, 1P11, 1P12, (1F90), (1F91), TOUR (TMGT/TREN) 1P91 and 1P92 strongly recommended. This course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.

TOUR 2P28
Economics of the Environment
(also offered as ECON 2P28)
Economic perspectives on environmental and natural resource issues. Topics may include valuing environment improvements, population growth issues, sustainable development, forestry and fishery management, ozone depletion and climate change.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Restriction: open to TMGT and TREN majors until date specified in Registration guide. Students must have a minimum of 4.0 overall credits.
Note: this course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in TMGT (TREN) 2P28.

TOUR 2P30
Culture, Heritage and Tourism
(also offered as GEOG 2P30)
Principles of preservation, conservation, and management of built and cultural resources for heritage tourism destinations on a variety of scales from World Heritage Sites to local heritage and including indigenous cultural tourism attractions. Regional identities and environments, and the importance of small and medium sized enterprises.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): one of TOUR 1P91, 1P92, GEOG 1P01, 1P02, 1P03, (1F90) or permission of the instructor.
Note: this course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in TMGT (TREN) 2P10.

TOUR 2P31
Tourist Behaviour
Socio-cultural dimensions of tourists and tourists' behaviours during the process of taking a holiday. Issues of motivation, social role and attitudes in tourist settings, including indigenous cultural heritage attractions. Ethical and delinquent behaviours, host and guest relations, typology of tourists, and decision-making processes.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): TOUR 1P91, 1P92 or permission of the instructor.
Note: this course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in TMGT (TREN) 2P12.

TOUR 2P32
Nature-based Tourism
Emergence and global importance of nature-based tourism as a global phenomenon, Emphasis on different forms of nature-based tourism in reference to sustainability and other forms of alternative tourism, including definition, impacts, policy, tour operation, ethics, development, and marketing.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): TOUR 1P91, 1P92 or permission of the instructor.
Note: this course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in TMGT (TREN) 2P26.

TOUR 2P33
Sustainable Integrated Waste Management
(also offered as GEOG 2P33)
Waste reduction, reuse, recycling, and environmentally sensible design. Waste auditing, optimal materials use and life cycle analysis. Sewage treatment technologies. Composting for managing organic waste and sewage. Tourism and waste management on land, on the water and in the air; managing wastes in remote and environmentally sensitive areas, camps and resorts. Policy, legislation and case studies.
Lectures, seminar, workshop, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): one of TOUR 1P91, 1P92, GEOG (1F90), 1P01, 1P02, 1P03 or permission of the instructor.
Note: this course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in TMGT (TREN) 2P93.

TOUR 2P34
Strategic Management for Tourism
Strategic management theories, tools and methods as applied to organizations in the tourism sector. Topics include strategy formulation and implementation, mission and vision statements, micro environmental and macro environmental analysis, core competences and value chain, SWOT analysis, competitive strategy, differentiation and low cost strategies, mergers, acquisitions and strategic alliances in tourism and hospitality sectors.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): minimum of 3.0 overall credits.
Note: this course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.

TOUR 2P36
Human Rights, Geography and Development
(also offered as GEOG 2P36)
Concept of Human Rights, civil and political rights in different geographic environments. Topics may include theories of rights, equity and freedom; the UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights and International Bill of Rights; rights and equity issues in development, mobility, displacement and the environment.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Restriction: students must have a minimum of 4.0 overall credits or permission of the instructor.
Note: this course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.

TOUR 2P94
Understanding Human Impacts on Local landscapes
(also offered as GEOG 2P94)
Human impacts in natural and built ecosystems from local to global scales, with a focus on local landscapes. Key environmental issues, principles, policy options, problem solving and possibilities for creative planned change. Includes local examples from the Greenbelt and Niagara.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): one of GEOG (1F90), 1P01, 1P02, 1P03, (1F91), 1P10. 1P11 or 1P12  TOUR (TMGT/TREN) 1P91 and 1P92 (1F90), or permission of the instructor.
Note: the majority of classroom lectures will be replaced by 3-4 full-day outdoor field programs on weekends early in the term; final scheduling details to be determined in consultation with students. Students are expected to pay their own transportation expenses. This course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in TREN 2P16 and TMGT (TREN) 2P94.

TOUR 2P98
Anime Tourism
Exploration of the culture, history, and social issues of Japan through anime tourism. Examination of anime culture created by producers and fans; various genres; genders and sexuality. Development of anime pilgrimage spots; destination branding and impacts of anime tourism.
Lectures, 3 hours per week
Restriction: students must have a minimum of 5.0 overall credits or permission of the instructor.
Note: this course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term. No prior knowledge of the Japanese language is required.

TOUR 3F55
Vancouver Field Course
(also offered as GEOG 3F55)
Cultural, historical and tourism geographies of Vancouver. Emphasis on the urban spectacle of the modern city and the contrasting geographies of race and class inequalities through the examination of public space, architecture, tourism spaces, housing and suburbanization and cultural production.
Restriction: permission of the Department.
Prerequisite(s): two GEOG credits or two TOUR (TMGT/TREN) credits or permission of the instructor.
Note: students are expected to pay their own expenses. This course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in GEOG(TOUR) 3Q93 and GEOG(TOUR) 3F93.

TOUR 3F97
Tourism Field Course
(also offered as GEOG 3F97)
Intensive field course with relevance to tourism studies and geography.
Restriction: permission of the Department.
Prerequisite(s): two TOUR (TMGT/TREN), two GEOG credits numbered 1(alpha)0090 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor.
Note: students are expected to pay their own expenses. This course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in TMGT (TREN) 3F70.

TOUR 3P21
Qualitative Research Design and Methodology
(also offered as GEOG 3P21)
Aspects of qualitative research: project formulation, methodologies, writing-up; relation of theory and methodology.
Lectures, seminar, 4 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): TOUR (TMGT/TREN) GEOG 2P21 or permission of the instructor.
Note: this course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in GEOG 2P10.

TOUR 3P22
Quantitative Research Design and Methodology
(also offered as GEOG 3P22)
Concepts and applications of descriptive and inferential statistics. Use of measures of central tendency, hypothesis testing (t-test and ANOVA), regression analysis, non-parametric tests, spatial statistics and use of geographic information systems (GIS).
Lectures, lab, 4 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): TOUR (TMGT/TREN/) GEOG 2P21 or permission of the instructor.
Note: this course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in GEOG 2P11 and 2P12.

TOUR 3P30
Tourism Planning and Development
(also offered as GEOG 3P30)
Role and function of tourism policy and planning. Planning and development of tourism resorts, attractions, tourism sites and regional economies through tourism; consideration of regional, provincial and national developments.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): two TOUR (TMGT/TREN), two GEOG credits numbered 1(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor.
Note: this course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in TMGT (TREN) 3P10.

TOUR 3P31
International Tourism
Changes in power relations, environment, society, culture and economy through the globalization of tourism. Security issues, human rights and inequality in international tourism.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): two TOUR (TMGT/TREN) credits numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor.
Note: this course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in TMGT (TREN) 3P11 and INTC 3P31.

TOUR 3P32
Evolution of Tourism in Niagara
Overview of historical patterns of tourism in the Niagara Peninsula from the arrival of European settlers. Temporal and spatial changes in tourism destinations. Importance of commercial and noncommercial attractions in Niagara tourism. Anchor attractions. Evolution of tourist facilities in different tourism sectors. Tourism-mediated human impacts in natural and built ecosystems from local to global scales. Policy options, problem solving and possibilities for creative planned change. Local examples from the Niagara peninsula.
Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week for part of the term.
Prerequisite(s): two TOUR (TMGT/TREN) credits numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor.
Note: the majority of classroom lectures will be replaced by 3-4 full-day field programs within the Niagara Region on Saturdays and Sundays in September and October (final scheduling details to be determined in consultation with class members). Students are expected to pay their own expenses. This course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.

TOUR 3P33
Tourism in Parks and Protected Areas
Broad survey of the many different types of protected areas at international, national, state, and local levels. How preservation and conservation initiatives are both challenged and aided by park use.
Lectures, 3 hours per week
Prerequisite(s): two TOUR (TMGT/TREN) credits numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor.
Note: this course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.

TOUR 3P34
Sustainable Transportation
(also offered as GEOG 3P34)
Interdisciplinary survey of the environmental, cultural, social and economic effects of automobiles, airplanes, trains and watercraft in built and natural environments. Impacts of tourist mobility. Principles, policies, and planning for sustainable transportation.
Lectures, seminar, workshop, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): two TOUR (TMGT/TREN), two GEOG credits numbered 1(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor.
Note: this course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in TMGT (GEOG/TREN) 3P18.

TOUR 3P35
Tourism Ethics
Application of ethical theory to different tourism phenomena (e.g., sex tourism, cruise line tourism, aspects of underdevelopment, slum tourism, corporate social responsibility) in the context of socio-cultural, economic, and ecological impacts.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): two TOUR (TMGT/TREN) credits numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor.
Note: this course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in TMGT (TREN) 4P15.

TOUR 3P36
Operations Management for Tourism
Examination of concepts and techniques necessary for designing, managing, and improving service operations in tourism. Topics include service design, planning and delivery, quality management, facility layout and location decisions, capacity planning, waiting line models, supply chain management and project management.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): two TOUR (TMGT/TREN) credits numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor.
Note: this course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.

TOUR 3P37
Croatia Field Course
(also offered as GEOG 3P37)
Intensive field course of relevance to tourism studies and geography.
Restriction: permission of the Department.
Prerequisite(s): two TOUR (TMGT/TREN), two GEOG credits numbered 1(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor.
Note: students are expected to pay their own expenses. This course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in TMGT (TREN) 3P70 and 3P71.

TOUR 3P39
Human Rights in Tourism
(also offered as GEOG 3P39)
Introduction to Human Rights issues with special focus on tourism and hospitality. Rights and equity issues in businesses, privacy, labour conditions, displacement, human security, Indigenous tourism, and sexual exploitation.
Lecture, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): TOUR 2P36 or GEOG 2P36 or permission of the instructor.
Note: this course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.

TOUR 3P50
Resource Management: Discourses, Policies and Ethics
(also offered as GEOG 3P50)
Ethical and political implications of competing discourses of both human and natural resource management. Emphasis on the production and uses of power from the level of individual leadership and network-building to that of the global governance of resources.
Lectures/ seminar, 4 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): TOUR 2P13 or permission of the instructor.
Note: this course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.

TOUR 3P54
London Field Course
(also offered as GEOG 3P54)
Exploration of London, UK, as a global city and major metropolitan area through an examination of its urban, cultural, historical, and transportation geographies, including its public and private spaces, political economy, and urban planning.
Restriction: permission of the Department.
Prerequisite(s): two GEOG credits, two TOUR (TMGT/TREN) credits or permission of the instructor.
Note: Ten-day course, two of which are travel days. Students are expected to pay their own expenses, which include airfare, public transit, accommodations, meals, and spending-money. Limited enrolment. Preference given to GEOG and TOUR majors and minors.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in GEOG 3F92, GEOG 3F90, and TOUR 3F90.

TOUR 3P57
Human Geography and Tourism Studies Field Course
(also offered as GEOG 3P57)
Application of geographical principles and field techniques to problems in human geography and tourism studies.
Restriction: permission of the Department.
Prerequisite(s): completion of Year 2 TOUR requirements in the BA Tourism Studies programs or completion of Year 2 GEOG requirements in the BA GEOG (single or combined) programs.
Note: field work in October in the week following Thanksgiving Day. Students must register with the Department by April of the preceding academic year. Students are expected to pay their own expenses. This course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in GEOG 3P56.

TOUR 3P83
Geography of Water Resources
(also offered as ERSC 3P83 and GEOG 3P83)
Physical and human factors affecting patterns of use and development of water resources. Emphasis on patterns of supply and demand, approaches to development and management of the resource, problems and alternative strategies.
Lectures, lab, 4 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): one of GEOG 1P01, 1P02, 1P03, 1P10, 1P11, 1P12, (1F90), (1F91), ERSC 1P01, 1P02 (1F01) or permission of the instructor.
Note: this course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.

TOUR 3P91
Chicago Field Course
(also offered as GEOG 3P91)
Cultural and historical geographies of Chicago. Emphasis on the urban spectacle of the modern city and the contrasting geographies of race and class inequalities through the examination of public space, architecture, housing and suburbanization, cultural production and tourism.
Restriction: permission of the Department.
Prerequisite(s): two TOUR (TMGT/TREN) credits or two GEOG credits or permission of the instructor.
Note: students are expected to pay their own expenses. This course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.

TOUR 3P92
Tourism, Sex and Health
Health and wellness tourism, medical tourism, tourist's risk-taking behaviours and health issues. Sex tourism paradigms, infectious disease, issues of birth tourism and suicide tourism.
Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): two TOUR (TMGT/TREN) credits numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor.
Note: this course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in TMGT (TREN) 4P12.

TOUR 3P93
Interpreting Heritage with Digital Technology
(also offered as GEOG 3P93 and IASC 3P93)
Use of web-based platforms, smartphone apps, and locative multimedia to identify, inventory, interpret, and conserve natural and cultural heritage features and destinations. Role of heritage in tourism, education and advocacy..
Lectures, tutorial, workshop, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): two TOUR (TMGT/TREN) credits numbered 1(alpha)00 to 2(alpha)99, two GEOG credits numbered 1(alpha)01 to 2(alpha)99, two IASC credits numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99, or permission of the instructor.
Note: tutorials and class meetings held throughout the term. Independent field work for production of a digital (online and app-based) thematic interpretive resource focusing on heritage features. This course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in TMGT (TREN) 4P19.

TOUR 3P94
Revenue Management for Tourism
Pricing theories and strategies used by tourism suppliers to balance demand and supply and manage revenues. Concepts include differential pricing, market segmentation, forecasting, and distribution channel management.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): one TOUR (TMGT/TREN) credits or permission of the instructor.
Note: This course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.

TOUR 3P95
Visitor Attraction Management
Critical evaluation of principles and practices of managing visitor attractions and assessing their economic, socio-culture and environmental impacts.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): two TOUR (TMGT/TREN) credits numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor.
Note: this course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.

TOUR 3P96
Tourism, Animals and Ethics
Historical and current practices in the use of animals in the tourism industry from both consumption and production perspectives. Examination of current animal ethics theories provides scope to determine the appropriate practices, with the aim of discussing how tourism practitioners and theorists might think about these issues in a different light.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): two TOUR (TMGT/TREN) credits numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor.
Note: this course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in TMGT (TREN) 3P96.

TOUR 3P97
Culinary Tourism
Exploration of culinary tourism through culture, history, food and wine, festivals, regional identity and sustainable development and consumption of places. Creation of a culinary tourism product and marketing strategies.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): two TOUR (TMGT/TREN) credits numbered 1(alpha)90 to 2(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor.
Note: this course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in TMGT (TREN) 3P97.

TOUR 3Q90
Directed Readings I
Topic not covered in the Department's regular course offerings.
Restriction: permission of the Department.
Note: topic must be chosen in consultation with a faculty member willing to supervise the tutorial. This course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in TMGT (TREN) 3P90.

TOUR 3Q91
Directed Readings II
Topic not covered in the Department's regular course offerings.
Restriction: permission of the Department.
Note: topic must be chosen in consultation with a faculty member willing to supervise the tutorial. This course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in TMGT (TREN) 3P91.

TOUR 3Q97
Events Management
(also offered as COMM 3Q97 and PCUL 3Q97)
Introduction to events management. Topics include event types and contexts; conceptualization, planning and design; marketing and sponsorship; budgeting and financial management; managing human and volunteer resources; staging and logistics; risk management, evaluation and sustainability.
Seminar, 3 hours per week.
Restriction: open to TMGT, TREN, BCMN, COMM, MCMN, FILM (single or combined) and PCUL majors with a minimum of 8.0 overall credits until date specified in Registration guide.
Note: may require attending special events on campus during Reading Week, evenings or on weekends. This course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.

TOUR 3V90-3V95
Special Topics in Tourism
Topics selected from year to year on the basis of faculty expertise.

TOUR 4F90
Honours Thesis
(also offered as GEOG 4F90)
Individual research project carried out under the direction of a faculty supervisor.
Restriction: open to TMGT, TREN and GEOG (single or combined) majors with a minimum 75 percent in all Year 3 Geography or Tourism courses, approval to year 4 (honours) and permission of the Department.
Note: students contemplating a thesis must consult with a possible Faculty Supervisor in D2 of Year 3. The student must submit a detailed proposal to the possible Faculty Supervisor by March 15 of D3 of Year 3. Regulations governing the thesis may be obtained from the Administrative Co-Ordinator. This course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in TMGT (TREN) 4F90.

TOUR 4F99
Honours Internship
(also offered as GEOG 4F99)
Internship on a specific geographic or tourism problem or task under either the direction of a faculty member, or in a government or private agency working under the supervision of that agency.
Internship, 8 hours per week for 15 weeks; seminar, 3 hours per week for 9 weeks.
Restriction: open to TMGT, TREN and GEOG (single or combined) majors with approval to year 4 (honours) and permission of the Department
Note: this course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.

TOUR 4P30
Tourism and Development in a Changing World
Analysis of tourism development paradigms contrasting tourism’s contributions to the growth based global economy while facing overconsumption, the global environmental crises, geopolitical tensions, and socio-cultural change.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): one TOUR (TMGT/TREN) credit numbered 2(alpha)00 to 3(alpha)99, or permission of the instructor.
Note: this course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in TREN 4P10 and TMGT (TREN) 4P90.

TOUR 4P32
Sustainable Rural Tourism
(also offered as GEOG 4P32)
Socio-economic challenges of rural communities in developed and developing nations. Critical evaluation of rural tourism as an alternative community development tool.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): two TOUR (TMGT/TREN) (credits numbered 2(alpha)00 to 3(alpha)99) , two GEOG (credits numbered 2(alpha)00 to 3(alpha)99) or permission of the instructor.
Note: this course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in TMGT (TREN) 4P17 and GEOG 4P63.

TOUR 4P33
Tourism Crisis Management
Planning and implementation of management processes of the adverse effects of crises and disasters on tourism. Focus on crisis management before, during and after the event for tourism destinations and individual tourism businesses and organizations.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): two TOUR (TMGT/TREN) credits numbered 2(alpha)00 to 3(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor.
Note: this course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.

TOUR 4P34
The Business of Ecotourism
Building knowledge at the intersection of theory and practice, focusing on the construction of a comprehensive ecotourism program plan through exposure to existing ecotourism businesses.
Lectures, fieldtrip, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): two TOUR (TMGT/TREN) credits numbered 2(alpha)00 to 3(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor.
Note: experiential learning-based. Active participation on the field trip (Haliburton Sustainable Forest) is mandatory. Students are expected to pay their own expenses. This course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.

TOUR 4P36
Political Ecology of Tourism
Critical examination of the political ecology of tourism; relationship between politics and environmental conservation, moral economy, eco-utilitarianism, mobility issues, and gender and social issues in tourism.
Lectures, 3 hours per week
Prerequisite(s): two TOUR (TMGT/TREN), two GEOG credits numbered 2(alpha)00 to 3(alpha)99 or permission of the instructor.
Note: this course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.

TOUR 4P83
Research Themes in Water Resources
(also offered as GEOG 4P83)
Major debates and conflicts over water resources and their distribution. Emphasis on patterns of supply and demand, approaches to development and management of the resource, problems, and alternative strategies.
Seminar, 3 hours per week.
Restriction: open to TMGT, TREN, GEOG (single or combined) and GEOG (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) majors until date specified in Registration guide. Students must have approval to year 4 (honours).
Prerequisite(s): TOUR 3P83 or permission of the instructor.
Note: this course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.

CO-OP COURSES

TOUR 0N01
Work Placement I
First co-op work placement (4 months) with an approved employer.
Restriction: open to Tourism Management stream Co-op students.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in TMGT (TREN) 0N01.

TOUR 0N02
Work Placement II
Second co-op work placement (4 months) with an approved employer.
Restriction: open to Tourism Management stream Co-op students.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in TMGT (TREN) 0N02.

TOUR 0N03
Work Placement III
Third co-op work placement (4 months) with an approved employer.
Restriction: open to Tourism Management stream Co-op students.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in TMGT (TREN) 0N03.

TOUR 0N90
Co-op Professional Preparation
Provides students with the tools, resources and skills to maximize co-op employment and professional development opportunities.
Lectures, presentation, site visits, 1.5 hours per week.
Restriction: open to Tourism Management stream Co-op students.
Note: this course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in TMGT (TREN) 0N90.

TOUR 2C01
Co-op Reflective Learning and Integration I
Provides student with the opportunity to apply what they've learned in their academic studies through career-oriented work experiences at employer sites.
Restriction: open to Tourism Management stream Co-op students.
Note: students will be required to prepare learning objectives, participate in a site visit write a work term report and receive a successful work term performance evaluation.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in TMGT (TREN) 2C01.

TOUR 2C02
Co-op Reflective Learning and Integration II
Provides student with the opportunity to apply what they've learned in their academics studies through career-oriented work experiences at employer sites.
Restriction: open to Tourism Management stream Co-op students.
Note: students will be required to prepare learning objectives, participate in a site visit write a work term report and receive a successful work term performance evaluation. This course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in TMGT (TREN) 2C02.

TOUR 2C03
Co-op Reflective Learning and Integration III
Provides student with the opportunity to apply what they've learned in their academic studies through career-oriented work experiences at employer sites.
Restriction: open to Tourism Management stream Co-op students.
Note: students will be required to prepare learning objectives, participate in a site visit write a work term report and receive a successful work term performance evaluation. This course may be offered in multiple modes of delivery. The method of delivery will be listed on the academic timetable, in the applicable term.
Completion of this course will replace previous assigned grade and credit obtained in TMGT (TREN) 2C03.