2016-2017 Undergraduate Calendar-Chemistry

Last updated: July 5, 2016 @ 10:04AM

Chemistry

Chair
Tony Yan

Professors Emeriti
Martin S. Gibson, J.S. Hartman, Richard R. Hiatt, Jack M. Miller, David C. Moule, Mary Frances Richardson, S.M. Rothstein

Professors
Jeffrey Atkinson, Ian D. Brindle, Tomas Hudlicky, Georgii Nikonov, Andrew G. Reynolds, Art van der Est

Associate Professors
Travis Dudding, Heather L. Gordon, Martin Lemaire, Costa Metallinos, Melanie Pilkington, Theocharis Stamatatos, Hongbin (Tony) Yan

Assistant Professor
Feng Li

Adjunct Professors
Christopher H. Marvin, Victor Snieckus

Adviser
Heather L. Gordon

Senior Demonstrators
Roger McLaughlin, Sergio Paone, Paul Zelisko

Mass Spectrometry and Analytical Instrumentation Technologist
Liqun Qiu

NMR Technologist
Razvan Simionescu

Director, Co-operative Programs
Cara Boese

Co-operative Program Co-ordinator
Travis Dudding

General Information

Administrative Assistant
Marie Harris

905-688-5550, extension 3406
CRN 411
brocku.ca/chemistry

Chemistry is the study of matter and its interactions with various forms of energy. Brock students are involved in the analysis, synthesis and purification of substances, determining their structures and properties and explaining the mechanisms of processes.

Our programs stress chemical principles and practice through research in organic, inorganic, analytical, physical and theoretical chemistry, with a strong emphasis on the interdisciplinary fields of bio-inorganic and bio-organic chemistry and chemical biophysics. Research interests of the department include development of new chiral ligands, organometallic reagents, and methods for asymmetric synthesis, green chemistry including bacterial dioxygenase-mediated degradation of aromatics, new approaches in natural product synthesis emphasizing morphine alkaloids, design and synthesis of fluorinated inhalation anesthetic agents and unnatural oligo-saccharide conjugates, ligand design and crystal engineering aimed at self-assembly of novel molecule-based materials, organic electrochemistry, energetics of photosynthesis studied by time-resolved electron spin resonance of short-lived paramagnetic intermediates, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, organometallic mass spectrometry, quantum and computational chemistry, pesticide and trace element analysis, protein affinity labelling and protein-lipid interactions, and structure-activity correlations of anticancer pharmaceuticals.

The Honours program in Chemistry is designed to give the student a broad knowledge of chemistry as well as depth in areas in which the student is most interested. A research project must be successfully completed and a thesis written as part of the requirements for an Honours degree. The Honours program and certain combined Honours programs listed below, when taken with CHEM electives, satisfy the requirements for membership in the Chemical Institute of Canada and are the normal requirements for admission to graduate school in chemistry.

The Chemistry Co-op program combines academic and work terms over a four and one half year period. Students spend two years in an academic setting, where they acquire the necessary background prior to taking the first work placement. Successful completion of courses in the core areas of Chemistry provides the necessary academic background for the work experience. In addition to the current fees for courses in academic study terms, Chemistry Co-op students are assessed an annual administrative fee (see the Schedule of Fees).

Eligibility to continue in the Co-op program is based on the student's major average and non-major average. A student with a minimum 70 percent major average and a minimum 60 percent non-major average will be permitted to continue. A student with a major average lower than 70 percent will not be permitted to continue in the Chemistry Co-op program, but may continue in the non Co-op Chemistry stream. For further information, see the Co-op Programs section of the Calendar, and contact the Department of Chemistry.

All students in the Co-operative Education program are required to read, sign and adhere to the terms of the Student Regulations Waiver and Co-op Student Manuals (brocku.ca/co-op/current-students/co-op-student-manuals) as articulated by the Co-op Programs Office. In addition, eligibility to continue in the co-op option is based on the student's major average and non-major average, and the ability to demonstrate the motivation and potential to pursue a professional career.

Each four-month co-operative education work term must be registered. Once students are registered in a co-op work term, they are expected to fulfill their commitment. If the placement accepted is for more than one four-month work term, students are committed to complete all terms. Students may not withdraw from or terminate a work term without permission from the Director, Co-op Program Office.

The requirement for graduation with a Chemistry (Honours) degree is a minimum 70 percent major average and a minimum 60 percent non-major average. The Chemistry Co-op program designation will be awarded to those students who have honours standing and who have successfully completed a minimum of twelve months of Co-op work experience.

The equipment available in the Mackenzie Chown and Cairns Family Health and Bioscience Research Complexes is actively used for both teaching and research. Undergraduate students gain hands-on experience in operating modern equipment for separating of complex mixtures, determining molecular structures, and making quantitative measurements. Newer equipment is computer-controlled and is connected to the University's Ethernet backbone. Student and faculty researchers have access to cluster platform systems, housed at Brock Univeristy and other SHARCNet academic institutions.

Instrumentation includes 300, 400 and 600 MHz NMR cryospectrometers for high-resolution solution and solids studies. Mass spectrometry facilities include a Thermo DFS high resolution mass spectrometer with EI, CI and FAB ion sources. It is equipped with a high performance capillary GC system. The lab also contains a Bruker HCT Ultra LC/MS system with ESI and APCI interfaces and a BrukerAutoflex II TOF/TOF MALDI system. For X-ray crystallography, a Bruker Apex II CCD diffractometer, equipped with an Oxford low temperature device, is available for the collection of single crystal data. A number of spectroscopic instruments are available in the research laboratories including time-resolved EPR, ICP and ICP/MS, FTIR, UV/Visible, fluorescence cuvette and microplate fluorimeters. There are several chromatography systems for HPLC, FPLC and capillary GC analysis. A state-of-the-art biotechnology research lab was recently equipped for biochemistry and microbiology work. This instrumentation is augmented by a range of modern facilities available through the Cool Climate Oenology and Viticulture Institute, which support work in biochemistry, especially work involving proteins, nucleic acids, yeasts and bacteria.

Students should consult the Department Chair when planning years 3 and 4 of the BSc (Honours) and BSc with Major programs, or year 3 of the BSc (Pass) program.

In addition to its own programs, the Chemistry department participates in combined major programs with five other departments/centres and is also a major participant in the Biochemistry, Biotechnology, and Oenology and Viticulture programs.

Program Notes

Professional schools may require an introductory PHYS credit with a lab.
The elective credits are normally taken from the Faculty of Mathematics and Science (except ASTR 1P01, 1P02, BIOL 1F25, CHEM 1P00, ERSC 1P92, SCIE 1P50 and 1P51).
APCO 1P93 is recommended. MATH 2P03 and 2P08 are recommended for students interested in physical chemistry and MATH 1P98 is recommended for students interested in analytical chemistry.
CHEM 3P40 and 3P41 are required for CHEM majors and are highly recommended for combined majors. At least one of these is a prerequisite for most projects in CHEM 4F90 and 4F91 and should be taken in year 3 by students intending to proceed to a year 4 thesis in Chemistry. Combined majors proceeding to research in organic and inorganic chemistry must take CHEM 3P40 while combined majors proceeding to research in analytical, physical, and theoretical chemistry must take CHEM 3P41.
Students planning to pursue graduate studies in Chemistry are strongly recommended to take at least two and one-half CHEM credits numbered 3(alpha)90 or above covering at least three of the sub- disciplines of physical, inorganic, analytical and organic chemistry, in addition to CHEM 4F90 and 4F91. Chemistry majors planning to pursue graduate studies in biochemistry or biological chemistry are strongly recommended to take CHEM 4P27 or 4P67 and two additional year 4 CHEM credits.
Students with a minimum 70 percent in 4U/M chemistry take CHEM 1P91 and 1P92. Students with a minimum 70 percent in 4U/M chemistry may not take CHEM 1P00 without permission from the Department, which is granted only in exceptional cases.
MATH 3P60 is recommended when offered.
In 20 credit degree programs a maximum of eight credits may be numbered 1(alpha)00 to 1(alpha)99; at least three credits must be numbered 2(alpha)90 or above; at least three credits must be numbered 3(alpha)90 or above; and the remaining credits must be numbered 2(alpha)00 or above.
In 15 credit degree programs a maximum of eight credits may be numbered 1(alpha)00 to 1(alpha)99; at least three credits must be numbered 2(alpha)90; and the remaining credits must be numbered 2(alpha)00 or above.
In some circumstances, in order to meet university degree and program requirements, more than 15 or 20 credits may be taken.

Honours Program

Year 1

·	CHEM 1P91 and 1P92 (see program note 6)
·	PHYS 1P21 or 1P91 (recommended; see program note 1)
·	one of PHYS 1P22, 1P23, 1P92 (recommended), 1P93 (recommended; see program note 1)
·	MATH 1P01 and 1P02, or MATH 1P05 and 1P06 (recommended)
·	one Humanities context credit
·	one Social Sciences context credit

Year 2

·	CHEM 2P12, 2P20, 2P21, 2P32, 2P42 and 2P63
·	one of PHYS 2P02, 2P20, 2P31, 2P50, 2P51
·	one-half APCO or MATH credit (see program note 3)
·	one elective credit (see program note 2)

Year 3

·	CHEM 3P40 and 3P41
·	two and one-half credits from CHEM 3P20, 3P21, 3P30, 3P31, 3P51, 3P53, 3P93
·	one of PHYS 2P02, 2P20, 2P31, 2P50, 2P51 (not taken in year 2)
·	one elective credit (CHEM 3P60 or 3P61 recommended; see program notes 2 and 5)

Year 4

·	CHEM 4F90 and 4F91
·	one credit from CHEM 3P20, 3P21, 3P30, 3P31, 3P51, 3P53, 3P93 (not taken in year 3)
·	one CHEM credit numbered 3(alpha)90 or above
·	one elective credit (see program notes 2 and 5)

Chemistry Co-op (Honours only)

Students admitted to the Chemistry Co-op program must follow an approved program pattern. The most common pattern is listed below. For other approved patterns, consult the Co-op Office.

Year 1

·	CHEM 1P91 and 1P92 (see program note 6)
·	PHYS 1P21 or 1P91 (recommended; see program note 1)
·	one of PHYS 1P22, 1P23, 1P92 (recommended), 1P93 (recommended; see program note 1)
·	MATH 1P01 and 1P02, or MATH 1P05 and 1P06 (recommended)
·	one Humanities context credit
·	one Social Sciences context credit

Year 2

·	CHEM 2P12, 2P20, 2P21, 2P32, 2P42 and 2P63
·	SCIE 0N90
·	one of PHYS 2P02, 2P20, 2P31, 2P50, 2P51
·	one-half APCO or MATH credit (see program note 3)
·	one elective credit (see program note 2)

Spring/Summer Sessions:

·	CHEM 0N01 and 2C01

Year 3
Fall Term:

·	CHEM 3P20, 3P30, 3P40 and 3P51
·	one of PHYS 2P02, 2P20, 2P31, 2P50, 2P51 (not taken in year 2) or one-half elective credit

Winter Term:

·	CHEM 0N02 and 2C02

Year 4
Fall Term:

·	CHEM 0N03 and 2C03

Winter Term:

·	CHEM 3P21, 3P31, 3P41, 3P53, 3P93

Year 5

·	CHEM 4F90 and 4F91
·	one CHEM credit numbered 3(alpha)90 or above
·	two elective credits

Research-oriented Co-op (Honours only)

Year 1

·	CHEM 1P91 and 1P92 (see program note 6)
·	PHYS 1P21 or 1P91 (recommended; see program note 1)
·	one of PHYS 1P22, 1P23, 1P92 (recommended), 1P93 (recommended; see program note 1)
·	MATH 1P01 and 1P02, or MATH 1P05 and 1P06 (recommended)
·	one Humanities context credit
·	one Social Sciences context credit

Spring/Summer Sessions:

·	one-half elective credit

Year 2

·	CHEM 2P12, 2P20, 2P21, 2P32, 2P42 and 2P63
·	APCO 1P93
·	MATH 2P03 and 2P08 or MATH 2P81and 2P82
·	one of PHYS 2P02, 2P20, 2P31, 2P50, 2P51
·	SCIE 0N90

Spring/Summer Sessions:

·	CHEM 0N01, 2C01 and 2P98

Year 3
Fall Term:

·	CHEM 3P20, 3P30, 3P40 and 3P51
·	one of PHYS 2P02, 2P20, 2P31, 2P50, 2P51 (not taken in year 2), or one-half elective credit

Winter Term:

·	CHEM 0N02 and 2C02

Year 4
Fall Term:

·	CHEM 0N03, 2C03 and 3P98

Winter Term:

·	CHEM 3P21, 3P31, 3P41, 3P53 and 3P93

Spring/Summer Sessions:

·	CHEM 4F90 and 4F91

Year 5
Fall Term:

·	one-half CHEM credit numbered 3(alpha)90 or above
·	one elective credit (see program note 8)

BSc with Major Program

This program differs from the Honours program in that honours standing is not required for entry into year 4, and year 4 does not include the research project and thesis courses (CHEM 4F90 and 4F91). Combined majors should consult the Chair.

Year 1

·	CHEM 1P91 and 1P92 (see program note 6)
·	PHYS 1P21 or 1P91 (recommended; see program note 1)
·	one of PHYS 1P22, 1P23, 1P92 (recommended), 1P93 (recommended; see program note 1)
·	MATH 1P01 and 1P02, or MATH 1P05 and 1P06 (recommended)
·	one Humanities context credit
·	one Social Sciences context credit

Year 2

·	CHEM 2P12, 2P20, 2P21, 2P32, 2P42 and 2P63
·	one of PHYS 2P02, 2P20, 2P31, 2P50, 2P51
·	one-half APCO or MATH credit (see program note 3)
·	one elective credit (see program note 2)

Year 3

·	CHEM 3P40 and 3P41
·	two credits from CHEM 3P20, 3P21, 3P30, 3P31, 3P51, 3P53
·	one of PHYS 2P02, 2P20, 2P31, 2P50, 2P51 (not taken in year 2)
·	one and one-half elective credits (CHEM 3P60 or 3P61 recommended; see program notes 2 and 5)

Year 4

·	one credit from CHEM 3P20, 3P21, 3P30, 3P31, 3P51, 3P53 (not taken in year 3)
·	three CHEM credits numbered 3(alpha)90 or above
·	one elective credit (CHEM 3P60 or 3P61 and either CHEM 3P62 or 3P93 recommended)

Pass Program

Satisfactory completion of the first three years of the Honours program entitles a student to apply for a Pass degree.

Biochemistry

Consult the Biochemistry calendar entry for a listing of courses and program requirements.

Biotechnology

Consult the Biotechnology calendar entry for a listing of courses and program requirements.

Concurrent BSc/BEd

The Department of Chemistry and the Faculty of Education co-operate in offering two Concurrent BSc (Honours)/BEd programs. The Chemistry BSc (Honours)/BEd programs combines the BSc Honours program or BSc Integrated Studies Honours program with the teacher education program for students interested in teaching at the Intermediate/Senior level (grades 7-12) and at the Junior/Intermediate level (grades 4-10). Refer to the Education - Concurrent BSc (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior) or Education - Concurrent BSc Integrated Studies (Honours)/BEd (Junior/Intermediate) program listings for further information.

Combined Major Program

Combined Honours and Pass programs can be taken in Chemistry/Biology, Chemistry/Computer Science (Honours only), Chemistry/Earth Sciences, Chemistry/Mathematics and Chemistry/Physics. In most of the combined major programs a research project must be successfully completed and a thesis written as part of the requirements for an Honours degree.

Chemistry and Mathematics

Honours

Year 1

·	CHEM 1P91 and 1P92 (see program note 6)
·	MATH 1P01 and 1P02, or MATH 1P05 and 1P06 (recommended)
·	MATH 1P12 and 1P40
·	PHYS 1P21 or 1P91 (recommended; see program note 1)
·	one of PHYS 1P22, 1P23, 1P92 (recommended), 1P93 (recommended; see program note 1)
·	one Humanities context credit or Social Sciences context credit

Year 2

·	CHEM 2P12, 2P20 and 2P42
·	CHEM 2P21 or 2P32
·	MATH 2P03, 2P08 and 2P12
·	PHYS 2P02 or 2P51
·	the Humanities context credit or Social Sciences context credit (not taken in year 1)

Year 3

·	One of CHEM 3P20 and 3P21, CHEM 3P30 and 3P31, CHEM 3P40 and 3P41
·	CHEM 3P51 and 3P53
·	MATH 2P40, 2P81, 2P82, 3P08, 3P40 and 3P09

Year 4

·	CHEM 4F90 and 4F91
·	one of CHEM 3P20 and 3P21, CHEM 3P30 and 3P31, CHEM 3P40 and 3P41 (not taken in Year 3)
·	MATH 3P12
·	one CHEM or MATH credit numbered 2(alpha)90 or above
·	one-half MATH credit numbered 2(alpha)90 or above (see program note 7)

Pass

Satisfactory completion of the first three years of the Honours program entitles a student to apply for a Pass degree.

Chemistry and Physics

Honours

Year 1

·	CHEM 1P91 and 1P92 (see program note 6)
·	MATH 1P01 and 1P02, or MATH 1P05 and 1P06 (recommended)
·	PHYS 1P21 or 1P91 (recommended; see program note 1)
·	one of PHYS 1P22, 1P23, 1P92 (recommended), 1P93 (recommended; see program note 1)
·	one Humanities context credit
·	one Social Sciences context credit

Year 2

·	CHEM 2P12, 2P20, 2P32 and 2P42
·	MATH 2P03 and 2P08
·	PHYS 2P02 or 2P20
·	PHYS 2P31, 2P50 and 2P51

Year 3

·	CHEM 3P51
·	MATH 3P08 and 3P09
·	PHYS 3P35 and 3P36
·	two credits from CHEM 3P30, 3P31, 3P40, 3P41, 3P53
·	one-half elective credit

Year 4

·	CHEM 4F90 and 4F91 or PHYS 4F90 and 4F91
·	one of CHEM 3P30, 3P31, 3P40, 3P41, 3P53 (not taken in Year 3)
·	one CHEM or PHYS credit numbered 2(alpha)90 or above
·	one of PHYS 3P02, 3P90, 4P61, 4P70
·	one elective credit (see program note 8)

Pass

Satisfactory completion of the first three years of the Honours program entitles a student to apply for a Pass degree.

Chemistry and Biology

Consult the Biological Sciences entry for a listing of program requirements.

Chemistry and Computer Science

Consult the Computer Science entry for a listing of program requirements.

Chemistry and Earth Sciences

Consult the Earth Sciences entry for a listing of program requirements.

Minor in Chemistry

Students in other disciplines may obtain a minor in chemistry within their degree program by completing the following courses with a minimum 60 percent average:

·	CHEM 1P91 and 1P92
·	two CHEM credits numbered 2(alpha)00 or above
·	one CHEM credit numbered 3(alpha)00 or above

Brock-Colleges Articulation Agreement

Mohawk College

Under the Agreement, Brock University will admit graduates of Mohawk College who have completed the Chemical Engineering Technology (533) diploma program with a minimum 78 percent overall average to its Honours Bachelor of Science program in Chemistry with 6.5 credits in advanced standing.

Graduate (MSc, PhD) Program

The Department of Chemistry offers opportunities for graduate study leading to a MSc or PhD degree. Graduate programs emphasize independent research by students in a wide variety of chemical fields reflecting research interests of individual faculty. For further information, including faculty interests, see the current Graduate Calendar or the Department of Chemistry's website.

Course Descriptions

Note that not all courses are offered in every session. Refer to the applicable term timetable for details.

# Indicates a cross listed course
* Indicates a primary offering of a cross listed course

Prerequisites and Restrictions

Students must check to ensure that prerequisites are met. Students may be deregistered, at the request of the instructor, from any course for which prerequisites and/or restrictions have not been met.

CHEMISTRY COURSES

CHEM 1P00
Introductory Chemistry
Fundamental principles of chemistry. Topics include atomic structure and the periodic table, names and formulas of chemical compounds, principles of chemical bonding, types of chemical reactions, and basic chemical calculations. Tutorials emphasize the development and practice of problem solving skills.
Lectures, 3 hours per week; lab, tutorial and problems solving session, 3 hours per week.
Note: open to students with less than 70 percent 4U/M chemistry or equivalent who are enrolled in a program leading to a BSc degree, or with permission from the Department. CHEM 1P00 is designed to assist those with insufficient background in chemistry to succeed in CHEM 1P91 and 1P92. Students with less than 70 percent in 4U/M chemistry, or who have not taken an advanced high school chemistry course are allowed to take CHEM 1P91 and 1P92 instead of CHEM 1P00 by permission of the Department if they pass a written test of basic chemistry knowledge, to be administered before classes begin. Materials fee required.

CHEM 1P91
Chemical Principles and Properties I
Stoichiometry, inorganic and organic reactions, quantum mechanics, molecular structure and bonding, solutions and their properties, thermochemistry and gas laws.
Lectures, 3 hours per week; tutorial, 1 hour alternating weeks; plus a minimum of five 3-hour labs per term.
Restriction: open to CHEM (single or combined), CHEN, BCHM, BIOL, BION, BMED, BPHY, BTEC, CAST, ERSC (single or combined), ERSN, EVGN, EVGS, HLSC, MSCI, NEUN, NEUR, OEVI, PHYN, PHYS majors, Sciences (general) students and CHEM minors until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to CHEM (single or combined), CHEN, BCHM, BIOL, BION, BMED, BPhED (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior), BPHY, BSc (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior), BSc (Honours)/BEd (Junior/Intermediate), BTEC, CAST, ERSC (single or combined), ERSN, EVGN, EVGS, HLSC, MSCI, NEUN, NEUR, OEVI, PHYN, PHYS majors, Sciences (general) students and CHEM minors until date specified in Registration guide.
Prerequisite(s): a minimum 70 percent grade in 4U/M chemistry (or equivalent course), CHEM 1P00 or permission of the Department.
Note: materials fee required.
Completion of this course will replace previously assigned grade and credit obtained in CHEM 1F92 and 1P90.

CHEM 1P92
Chemical Principles and Properties II
Molecular structure, shapes, and behaviour of molecules emphasizing organic compounds, bonding and intermolecular interactions, the states of matter, chemical equilibrium, titrations, entropy, free energy, electrochemistry, and reaction rates.
Lectures, 3 hours per week; tutorial, 1 hour alternating weeks; plus a minimum of five 3-hour labs per term.
Restriction: open to CHEM (single or combined), CHEN, BCHM, BIOL, BION, BMED, BPHY, BTEC, ERSC (single or combined), ERSN, EVGN, EVGS, HLSC, MSCI, NEUN, NEUR, OEVI, PHYN, PHYS majors, Sciences (general) students and CHEM minors until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to CHEM (single or combined), CHEN, BCHM, BIOL, BION, BMED, BPhED (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior), BPHY, BSc (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior), BSc (Honours)/BEd (Junior/Intermediate), BTEC, ERSC (single or combined), ERSN, EVGN, EVGS, HLSC, MSCI, NEUN, NEUR, OEVI, PHYN, PHYS majors, Sciences (general) students and CHEM minors until date specified in Registration guide.
Prerequisite(s): CHEM 1P90 or 1P91.
Note: materials fee required.
Completion of this course will replace previously assigned grade and credit obtained in CHEM 1F92.

CHEM 2P12
Introduction to Modern Physical Chemistry
Phase equilibrium; gas phase kinetics; electronic structure of atoms and molecules; interaction of light with matter.
Lectures, 3 hours per week; tutorial, 2 hours per week; plus a minimum of six 3-hour labs.
Prerequisite(s): CHEM 1P91 and 1P92 (1F92); one of MATH 1P01 and 1P02, MATH 1P05 and 1P06 (preferred), MATH 1P97.
Note: CHEM 2P63 recommended.

CHEM 2P20
Principles of Organic Chemistry I
Introduction to the principles and techniques of organic chemistry; correlation of reactions and physical properties of organic compounds with structure and energetic concepts. Introduction to applications of spectroscopy in organic chemistry and biochemistry. Selected experiments in organic preparations and techniques.
Lectures, 3 hours per week; tutorial 1.5 hours per week; lab, 3 hours per week.
Restriction: open to CHEM (single or combined), BCHM, BMED, BPHY, BTEC, NEUN, NEUR, OEVI majors and CHEM minors until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to CHEM (single or combined), BCHM, BMED, BPHY, BSc (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior), BSc (Honours)/BEd (Junior/Intermediate), BTEC, NEUN, NEUR, OEVI majors, Sciences (general) students and CHEM minors until date specified in Registration guide.
Prerequisite(s): CHEM 1P91 and 1P92 (1F92) (minimum 60 percent) or permission of the instructor.
Note: materials fee required.

CHEM 2P21
Principles of Organic Chemistry II
Introduction to aromatic molecules and electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. Chemistry of natural products, their origin and biological significance. Topics include concepts of carbonyl and carbohydrate chemistry, DNA and an introduction to amino acids and proteins. Selected experiments in organic synthesis, and characterization and analysis.
Lectures, 3 hours per week; tutorial 1.5 hours per week; lab, 3 hours per week.
Restriction: open to CHEM (single or combined), BCHM, BMED, BPHY, BTEC, NEUR, OEVI majors and CHEM minors until date specified in Registration guide. After that date open to CHEM (single or combined), BCHM, BMED, BPHY, BSc (Honours)/BEd (Intermediate/Senior), BSc (Honours)/BEd (Junior/Intermediate), BTEC, NEUR, OEVI majors, Sciences (general) students and CHEM minors until date specified in Registration guide.
Prerequisite(s): CHEM 2P20.
Note: materials fee required.

CHEM 2P32
Principles of Inorganic Chemistry
Basic principles of coordination chemistry. Chemistry and reactions in aqueous solutions; structure and bonding in simple compounds. Introduction to bioinorganic chemistry highlighting the overlap between inorganic chemistry and biology. Survey of the periodic table stressing periodicity of chemical behaviour.
Lectures, 3 hours per week; plus a minimum of six 3-hour labs.
Prerequisite(s): CHEM 1P91 and 1P92 (1F92).
Note: materials fee required.

CHEM 2P42
Introduction to Analytical Chemistry
Introduction to analytical methods such as volumetric methods (acid-base, complexometric, precipitation and redox titrations), electroanalytical techniques (potentiometry), spectrophotometry, solvent extraction and chromatography. Statistical treatment of analytical data, chemical equilibria, pH, buffers and chemical activities.
Lectures, lab, 6 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): CHEM 1P91 and 1P92 (1F92).
Note: materials fee required.

CHEM 2P63
Introduction to Biophysical Chemistry
(also offered as BTEC 2P63)
Physical chemistry as applied to biological sciences. Introductory thermodynamics, kinetics, equilibria, and transport phenomena as applied to proteins, biological membranes and other biological systems. Laboratory work includes kinetic measurements, equilibrium constant measurements and protein purification and characterization.
Lectures, lab, 6 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): CHEM 1P91 and 1P92 (1F92); one of MATH 1P01 and 1P02, MATH 1P05 and 1P06 (preferred), MATH 1P97.
Note: materials fee required.

CHEM 2P98
Undergraduate Research
Undergraduate research project carried out either in the department under the supervision of a faculty member or as an employee in a chemical industry or other suitable laboratory.
Restriction: open to CHEM (single or combined) majors and permission of the Department.
Note: if both CHEM 2P98 and CHEM 3P98 are taken, only one of these may be based on work done in the department.

CHEM 3P20
Structure and Reactivity of Organic Molecules
Methods for functional group manipulation including oxidation, reduction and the use of protecting groups in organic chemistry. General methods for carbon-carbon bond formation emphasizing three dimensional structure and mechanism. Modern methods of asymmetric synthesis. Selected experiments in synthetic organic chemistry and the handling of air and water sensitive reagents.
Lectures, lab, 6 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): CHEM 2P21 or permission of the Department.
Note: CHEM 3P40 recommended. May be taken concurrently.

CHEM 3P21
Organic Reactions
The chemistry of amines, heterocyclic and heteroaromatic compounds. Pericyclic reactions and reactive intermediates. Molecular rearrangements, peptide synthesis and protecting groups, design of organic synthesis. Introduction to organic photochemistry and the chemistry of carbenes.
Lectures, lab, 6 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): CHEM 3P20.

CHEM 3P30
Main Group Inorganic Chemistry
Systematic inorganic and organometallic chemistry of the main group elements, emphasizing structure, bonding and reactivity in inorganic and organometallic compounds. Selected experiments in inorganic and organometallic synthesis; use of modern structural methods for determination of composition, structure and bonding.
Lectures, lab, 6 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): CHEM 2P32.
Note: CHEM 3P40 recommended. May be taken concurrently.

CHEM 3P31
Transition Metal Chemistry
d-Block metal chemistry. Magnetic and electronic properties of metal complexes under different coordination geometries and environments. First row transition metals, their properties, chemical reactivity and applications in materials science, magnetism, optics and nanotechnology. Organometallic compounds of d-block elements and their applications in catalysis.
Lectures, lab, 6 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): CHEM 3P30.
Note: CHEM 3P40 recommended. May be taken concurrently.

CHEM 3P40
Spectroscopic Techniques for Structure Elucidation
Use of instrumental methods for the determination of structures of molecules. Techniques will include mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, covered Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, visible and UV spectroscopy, computerized data manipulation.
Lectures, tutorial, 6 hours per week.
Restriction: students must have a minimum of 9.0 overall credits.
Prerequisite(s): CHEM 2P20.

CHEM 3P41
Instrumental Methods for Quantitative Analysis
Modern instrumentation and their applications to quantitative analysis of atomic and molecular species. Separation methods such as gas, liquid and supercritical fluid chromatography, and capillary electrophoresis. Techniques such as UV-vis absorption, atomic absorption, atomic emission, atomic fluorescence and mass spectrometry. Emphasis on sample preparation and cleanup, and quality assurance/quality control.
Lectures, lab, 6 hours per week.
Restriction: students must have a minimum of 9.0 overall credits.
Prerequisite(s): CHEM 2P42.
Note: materials fee required.

CHEM 3P51
Quantum Chemistry
Schrodinger equation, solution of the harmonic oscillator problem, hydrogen atom, angular momentum theory, variational method with applications to atomic and molecular systems, molecular orbital theory and simple group theory. Introduction to a procedural programming language.
Lectures, 3 hours per week; lab, 2 hours per week; tutorial, 1 hour per week.
Prerequisite(s): CHEM 2P12.

CHEM 3P53
Atomic and Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy
Group theory and theory of electro-magnetic radiation and spectroscopic transitions. Rotational and vibrational spectroscopy (Microwave, IR, Raman); atomic and molecular electronic spectroscopy (UV/Visible); magnetic resonance (NMR, EPR).
Lectures, lab, 6 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): CHEM 3P51.

CHEM 3P60
Industrial Chemistry
Principles and practice of industrial chemistry. Survey of the chemical industry, pollution control, plant design, corrosion and similar topics. Selected industrial processes will be discussed in detail. Tours of chemical plants and industrial laboratories.
Lectures, 3 hours per week; seminar, plant tour, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): one and one-half credits from CHEM 2P12, 2P20, 2P21, 2P32, 2P42, 2P63.
Note: steel-toed safety boots may be required on plant tours.

CHEM 3P61
Organic Chemistry in Industry
Industrial organic chemicals including raw materials, base and commodity chemicals, and chemicals with specialized applications, such as dyes and pigments, fluorophores, agrochemicals, surfactants, and pharmaceuticals.
Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): CHEM 2P20, 2P21 and 2P63.

CHEM 3P62
Bio-organic Chemistry
(also offered as BTEC 3P62)
Mechanistic description of the biosynthesis and metabolism of natural products including alkaloids, terpenes and acetate-derived compounds. Selected examples of biologically/medicinally active classes of natural products along with their physiological modes of activity.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): CHEM 2P21.

CHEM 3P93
Protein and Nucleic Acid Chemistry
(also offered as BTEC 3P93)
Chemistry and structure of nucleic acids, proteins, and carbohydrates. Selected aspects of chemical synthesis and biosynthesis, including mechanisms of protein folding, post-translational modification, targeting, sequencing, detection techniques and biochemical/medical applications of these molecules.
Lectures, lab, 6 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): CHEM 2P21.
Note: materials fee required.

CHEM 3P98
Undergraduate Research Project
Undergraduate research project carried out either in the department under the supervision of a faculty member or as an employee in a chemical industry or other suitable laboratory.
Restriction: open to CHEM (single or combined) majors with 9.0 overall credits and permission of the Department.
Note: if both CHEM 2P98 and CHEM 3P98 are taken, only one of these may be based on work done in the department.

CHEM 4F90
Research Project
Experimental or theoretical research to be carried out under faculty supervision.
Restriction: open to CHEM (single or combined) and BCHM majors with approval to year 4 (honours) and permission of the Chair.
Prerequisite(s): CHEM 3P40 or 3P41.
Corequisite(s): CHEM 4F91.

CHEM 4F91
Thesis
The thesis incorporates the results of the research in CHEM 4F90 and forms the basis for a seminar to be presented by the student.
Restriction: open to CHEM (single or combined) and BCHM majors with approval to year 4 (honours) and permission of the Chair.
Prerequisite(s): CHEM 3P40 or 3P41.
Corequisite(s): CHEM 4F90.

CHEM 4P01
Special Topics
Tutorials, seminars, special projects or directed readings in an area of chemistry.
Lectures/seminar/ tutorial, 3 hours per week.
Restriction: open to CHEM (single or combined) majors with a minimum of 14.0 overall credits and permission of the Chair.

CHEM 4P14
Statistical Thermodynamics in Chemistry and Biology
Ensembles, entropy, free energy, statistical mechanics of simple gases and solids, heat capacity, chemical equilibrium, substrate binding, water as a solvent, and polymers and biopolymers.
Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): CHEM 3P51.

CHEM 4P17
Biophysical Photochemistry
Principles of light induced processes such as electron, energy and signal transfer and their role in biological systems. Marcus theory, Dexter and Foerster mechanisms of energy transfer. The optical and magnetic resonance spectroscopy of excited states.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): CHEM 3P40, 3P53 or permission of the instructor.

CHEM 4P18
Computational Chemistry: Applications in Biotechnology
(also offered as BTEC 4P18)
Structure-based drug design, molecular modelling, conformational search techniques, secondary and tertiary protein structure prediction, quantitative structure activity relationships and bioinformatics.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Restriction: students must have a minimum of 13.5 overall credits.
Prerequisite(s): CHEM 2P12 or 2P63; three credits numbered 2(alpha)90 or above.

CHEM 4P21
Organic Reactions and Synthesis
Organic reaction mechanisms. Named reactions and their use in synthesis. Review of basic physical organic principles. Emphasis on selectivity and stereochemistry in modern synthetic methods including organometallic reactions.
Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): CHEM 3P21.

CHEM 4P22
Organic Reactions and Mechanisms
Topics include conformational analysis, introduction to transition state theory and the description of stereo and electronic control in organic reactions. Pertinent applications will be taken from the recent literature.
Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): CHEM 3P21.

CHEM 4P23
Organometallics in Organic Synthesis
Use of organometallic reagents for organic transformations. Metalation and trans-metalation using organolithium, magnesium, cerium and zinc reagents; stable precursors and reactive intermediates in transition metal catalyzed organic reactions employing palladium, nickel, ruthenium, and other metals. Topics from recent literature involving applications to organic synthesis, emphasizing stereoselectivity.
Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): CHEM 3P21.

CHEM 4P26
Toxicological Chemistry and Biochemistry
(also offered as BTEC 4P26)
Principles of toxicology. Key enzymes involved in the metabolism and biotransformation of xenobiotics. Actions of xenbiotics on nucleic acids, proteins and lipids. Biochemical mechanisms of the toxicity of selected xenobiotics such as toxins, common toxic chemicals, drugs and pesticides. Identification of xenobiotics in biological systems.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Restriction: students must have a minimum of 10.0 overall credits.
Prerequisite(s): CHEM 2P21 or permission of the instructor.

CHEM 4P27
Enzyme and Co-enzyme Mechanisms
(also offered as BTEC 4P27)
Hydrolytic and other processes catalyzed by enzymes lacking non-protein prosthetic groups; transferase reactions involving biotin, pyridoxal phosphate, thiamine pyrophosphate, folic acid and cobalamin; oxidation mechanisms involving pyridine nucleotides, flavoenzymes, hydroperoxidases and oxgenases.
Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): CHEM 2P21, BCHM 3P01and 3P02.

CHEM 4P28
Bio-organic Chemistry: Carbohydrates and Nucleic Acids
(also offered as BTEC 4P28)
Topics include mono and oligosaccharides, preparative carbohydrate chemistry, neoglycoconjugates, immunochemistry of carbohydrates, nucleosides and nucleotides, oligonucleotide synthesis, medicinal chemistry of oligonucleotides, amino acids, protein structures, peptide chemistry and post-translational modifications.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): CHEM 2P21.

CHEM 4P30
Advanced Co-ordination Chemistry
Bonding and electronic structure of transition metal coordination complexes through an application of symmetry properties and group theory tools. Topics include bonding, electronic structure and properties (ligand field theory), molecular magnetism, EPR properties.
Prerequisite(s): CHEM 2P32 and 3P51.

CHEM 4P31
Advanced Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry
Continuation of CHEM 3P30 and 3P31 focusing on advanced topics of inorganic and organometallic chemistry of main group and transition metal elements, emphasizing the use of modern physical methods for determination of composition, structure and bonding of inorganic and organometallic compounds.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): CHEM 3P31 and 3P53.
Note: CHEM 3P53 may be taken concurrently with permission of the instructor.

CHEM 4P32
Biological Inorganic Chemistry
Overview of biological inorganic chemistry focusing on the uptake, transport and storage of metal ions, electron-transfer systems, hydrolytic enzymes, oxygen transport/activation, nitrogen metabolism and metallotherapeutics.
Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week.
Restriction: students must have a minimum of 12.0 overall credits.
Prerequisite(s): CHEM 2P21 and 2P32.

CHEM 4P34
Structure Determination by X-ray Crystallography
X-ray diffraction by crystalline materials to determine the structures of small molecules. Topics may include crystal growth, selection and mounting, X-ray generation, crystal symmetry and space groups, X-ray diffraction, the phase problem, structure solution and refinement, and interpretation and presentation of structural data.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): CHEM 2P32; three CHEM credits numbered 2(alpha)90 or above.
Note: CHEM 4P30 recommended. May be taken concurrently.

CHEM 4P60
Principles of Polymer Chemistry
Polymer synthesis involving condensation, living anionic and cationic polymerization and atom transfer radical polymerization. Cross-linked and dendritic polymers and their properties, and the role played by polymers in biomedical applications such as drug delivery and implantable devices.
Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): CHEM 2P20 and 2P21.
Note: CHEM 3P20 and 3P21 are recommended.

CHEM 4P61
Principles of Silicon Chemistry
Chemistry of silicon in organic, organometallic and polymeric compounds emphasizing structure, bonding and reactivity. Applications of silicon in the biomedical field and the interaction with biomolecules.
Lectures, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): CHEM 2P20 and 2P21.
Note: CHEM 2P32, 3P20 and 3P21 are recommended.

CHEM 4P67
Biophysical Techniques
(also offered as BCHM 4P67 and BTEC 4P67)
Modern instrumental methods of biotechnology emphasizing understanding theory. Development of newer technologies which utilize biological components. Topics include optical, X-ray and NMR techniques, separation techniques, hybridization assays, immunoassays, biosensors and mass spectral techniques; membrane chemistry.
Lectures, seminar, 3 hours per week.
Prerequisite(s): CHEM 2P21 and 2P63 or permission of the instructor.

CHEM 4P92
Library Research and Seminar
Detailed study of the scientific literature under faculty supervision.
Restriction: open to students in the BSc with Major Chemistry program with a minimum of 15.0 overall credits or permission of the Department.
Note: the results of the study will be written up in a major essay and presented as a formal seminar.

SCIENCE COURSES

SCIE 1P50
Science and Society I
Basic questions and problems in understanding the nature of science in relation to current environmental issues and their impact on society. Most common scientific concepts and theories associated with major environmental problems facing the world today.
Lectures, 3 hours per week; seminar, 1 hour alternate weeks.
Note: for non-science majors. Co-ordinated through the Department of Chemistry.

SCIE 1P51
Science and Society II
Introduction to interrelationships between science, technology and society. Topics include the nature of science and technology, genetic engineering, pharmaceutical industry and food additives.
Lectures, 3 hours per week; seminar, 1 hour alternate weeks.
Note: for non-science majors. Co-ordinated through the Department of Chemistry.

CO-OP COURSES

CHEM 0N01
Work Placement I
First co-op work placement (4 months) with an approved employer.
Restriction: open to CHEM Co-op students.

CHEM 0N02
Work Placement II
Second co-op work placement (4 months) with an approved employer.
Restriction: open to CHEM Co-op students.

CHEM 0N03
Work Placement III
Third co-op work placement (4 months) with an approved employer.
Restriction: open to CHEM Co-op students.

CHEM 0N04
Work Placement IV
Optional Co-op work placement (4 months) with an approved employer.
Restriction: open to CHEM Co-op students.

CHEM 0N05
Work Placement V
Optional Co-op work placement (4 months) with an approved employer.
Restriction: open to CHEM Co-op students.

CHEM 2C01
Co-op Reflective Learning and Integration I
Provide student with the opportunity to apply what they've learned in their academic studies through career-oriented work experiences at employer sites.
Restriction: open to CHEM Co-op students.
Prerequisite(s): SCIE 0N90.
Corequisite(s): CHEM 0N01.
Note: students will be required to prepare learning objectives, participate in a site visit, write a work term report and receive a successful work term performance evaluation.

CHEM 2C02
Co-op Reflective Learning and Integration II
Provide student with the opportunity to apply what they've learned in their academics studies through career-oriented work experiences at employer sites.
Restriction: open to CHEM Co-op students.
Prerequisite(s): SCIE 0N90.
Corequisite(s): CHEM 0N02.
Note: students will be required to prepare learning objectives, participate in a site visit, write a work term report and receive a successful work term performance evaluation.

CHEM 2C03
Co-op Reflective Learning and Integration III
Provide student with the opportunity to apply what they've learned in their academic studies through career-oriented work experiences at employer sites.
Restriction: open to CHEM Co-op students.
Prerequisite(s): SCIE 0N90.
Corequisite(s): CHEM 0N03.
Note: students will be required to prepare learning objectives, participate in a site visit, write a work term report and receive a successful work term performance evaluation.

CHEM 2C04
Co-op Reflective Learning and Integration IV
Provide student with the opportunity to apply what they've learned in their academic studies through career-oriented work experiences at employer sites.
Restriction: open to CHEM Co-op students.
Prerequisite(s): SCIE 0N90.
Corequisite(s): CHEM 0N04.
Note: students will be required to prepare learning objectives, participate in a site visit, write a work term report and receive a successful work term performance evaluation.

CHEM 2C05
Co-op Reflective Learning and Integration V
Provide student with the opportunity to apply what they've learned in their academics studies through career-oriented work experiences at employer sites.
Restriction: open to CHEM Co-op students.
Prerequisite(s): SCIE 0N90.
Corequisite(s): CHEM 0N05.
Note: students will be required to prepare learning objectives, participate in a site visit, write a work term report and receive a successful work term performance evaluation.

SCIE 0N90
Co-op Training and Development
Framework for the development of learning objectives for individual work terms, for students in the co-op programs in the Faculty of Mathematics and Science. Includes orientation to the co-op experience, goal setting, career planning, résumé preparation and interview skills preparation.
Lectures, presentations, site visits, 2 hours per week.
Restriction: open to Science Co-op students.
Note: see Director of Co-op Programs Office.