{"id":77534,"date":"2022-04-07T15:43:42","date_gmt":"2022-04-07T19:43:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/brocku.ca\/brock-news\/?p=77534"},"modified":"2026-04-28T17:38:53","modified_gmt":"2026-04-28T21:38:53","slug":"canadian-space-agency-awards-brock-team-funding-for-space-health","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/brocku.ca\/brock-news\/2022\/04\/canadian-space-agency-awards-brock-team-funding-for-space-health\/","title":{"rendered":"Canadian Space Agency awards Brock team funding for space health"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>It\u2019s Val Fajardo\u2019s dream that one day humans will make it to Mars. But first thing\u2019s first: let\u2019s ensure that astronauts going to the Moon will come back to Earth with their health intact.<\/p>\n<p>The Brock University Assistant Professor of Kinesiology is heading up a team that\u2019s investigating how to prevent space travellers from experiencing muscle loss and weakness, bone fragility and cognitive decline, which occur when spending time in space.<\/p>\n<p>But you don\u2019t have to be an astronaut to benefit from the team\u2019s findings, says Fajardo, Canada Research Chair in Tissue Plasticity and Remodelling.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe overarching goal of this research is to generate new knowledge that will reduce the risks of human space flight to keep astronauts healthy in space, while also providing insight into new strategies that can be used to preserve health on Earth,\u201d he says.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/c29I5_8MXvk\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><br \/>\nOn Tuesday, April 5, the Canadian Space Agency <a href=\"https:\/\/asc-csa.gc.ca\/eng\/iss\/news.asp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">announced<\/a> it had granted Fajardo and his team $150,000 to carry out this research, one of nine projects being conducted at universities across Canada \u201cto ultimately better understand the effects of space on the human body.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Fajardo\u2019s current project builds on <a href=\"https:\/\/brocku.ca\/brock-news\/2020\/04\/brock-led-team-studying-bone-and-muscle-loss-in-samples-from-nasa\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">earlier research<\/a> he and colleagues conducted for NASA which examined tissue samples from mice that had been to the International Space Station.<\/p>\n<p>As they spend time in space, rodents and humans lose skeletal density at a much faster rate than we do on Earth because of reduced gravity, quickly leading to deterioration or atrophy.<\/p>\n<p>To develop and maintain the musculoskeletal system, muscles and bones must undergo stress, which is why regular exercise benefits muscles, bones and overall health.<\/p>\n<p>The researchers suspect that key to this muscle and bone deterioration in space is an enzyme called Glycogen synthase kinase-3, or GSK3, which is involved in a cell\u2019s metabolism, differentiation and immunity.<\/p>\n<p>In the previous NASA-supported study, master\u2019s student Ryan Baranowski found an \u201coveractivation\u201d of the GSK3 enzyme in the mice samples, which the researchers believe can account for the weakening muscles.<\/p>\n<p>In her <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/34769190\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NASA study<\/a>, master\u2019s student Jessica Braun found the ability to control the amount of calcium ions in muscles was impaired. Calcium is the signal muscles use to contract and produce force, but too much of it can lead to detrimental processes that ultimately lead to loss in muscle force and size.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_69731\" style=\"width: 477px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/brocku.ca\/brock-news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/ValFajardo.jpg\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-69731\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-69731\" src=\"https:\/\/brocku.ca\/brock-news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/ValFajardo.jpg\" alt=\"A man in a sport coat in a hallway\" width=\"467\" height=\"355\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-69731\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Brock University Assistant Professor of Kinesiology Val Fajardo is a Canada Research Chair in Tissue Remodelling and Plasticity throughout the Lifespan.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>In addition to Braun and Baranowski, the current student team also includes incoming PhD students Briana Hockey and Emily Copeland.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWith this latest research, we\u2019re looking for how to inhibit the GSK3 enzyme in skeletal and cardiac muscles, and also in bone and in the brain,\u201d says Fajardo.<\/p>\n<p>The team will determine if lithium \u2014 a type of metal \u2014 can be used to improve muscle, bone and brain health by suppressing the GSK3 enzyme in these areas. Lithium is commonly used to treat bipolar disorder and depression and has been shown to have benefits for Alzheimer disease and other brain conditions.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cOur team will be investigating whether low and safe doses of lithium can be used to slow the effects of microgravity, and whether it can be used to accelerate the recovery upon a return to gravity,\u201d says Fajardo.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAstronauts exercise every day to try and counter the effects of microgravity, however, this is still not enough,\u201d he says. \u201cAstronauts will still experience decrements in fitness, muscle, bone and brain health. Our research will also determine whether lithium and GSK3 inhibition can amplify the effects of exercise.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Fajardo says since space flight in many ways can be considered as a model of rapid aging, suppressing the GSK3 enzyme could form effective treatment in other age-related disorders such as sarcopenia, osteoporosis, obesity, diabetes and Alzheimer\u2019s disease, as well as potentially neurological, inflammatory and cancer diseases.<\/p>\n<p>To explore these various areas is \u201cnot a solo effort,\u201d says Fajardo. \u201cWe&#8217;ve got a team of really incredible, well-respected experts in various areas.\u201d They include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Professor of Kinesiology and bone expert Wendy Ward is leading the analyses that will determine if and how the three-dimensional structure of bone and associated mineral content \u2014 outcomes that dictate the strength of the skeleton and relate to risk of fracture \u2014 respond to suppressing the GSK3 enzyme.<br \/>\n\u201cThe opportunities for student learning and skill-building, and the experience working as a team investigating several target tissues \u2014 bone, muscle, brain, and heart \u2014 are tremendous,\u201d says Ward.<\/li>\n<li>Professor of Kinesiology Panagiota (Nota) Klentrou is heading up the analyses of inflammation and bone remodelling markers that dictate the magnitude and time course of the adaptations of the immune and musculoskeletal systems and how these communicate with each other.<br \/>\n\u201cThis grant from CSA is a dream come true for me,\u201d says Klentrou. \u201cWe have an excellent, interdisciplinary team and an exciting opportunity to contribute to the advancement of space science and the understanding of how humans can safely explore space.\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Associate Professor of Health Sciences Rebecca MacPherson is leading the brain health and cognitive ability arm of this work. She will examine markers related to Alzheimer\u2019s disease pathology as well as differences in memory performance tests.<br \/>\n\u201cTogether with this funding, our team has the unique opportunity to explore (un)healthy aging from a variety of different angles,\u201d says MacPherson.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>It\u2019s Val Fajardo\u2019s dream that one day humans will make it to Mars. But first thing\u2019s first: let\u2019s ensure that astronauts going to the Moon will come back to Earth with their health intact.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":77538,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[36,7484,7,3319,4052,188,55,1,5],"tags":[11425,8563,2407,11420,423,8480,1696,996,11421,7488,11424,11419,11423,8562,447,3152,6073,11418,11422,15125,6074,1516],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/brocku.ca\/brock-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77534"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/brocku.ca\/brock-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/brocku.ca\/brock-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/brocku.ca\/brock-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/brocku.ca\/brock-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=77534"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/brocku.ca\/brock-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77534\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":79269,"href":"https:\/\/brocku.ca\/brock-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77534\/revisions\/79269"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/brocku.ca\/brock-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/77538"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/brocku.ca\/brock-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=77534"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/brocku.ca\/brock-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=77534"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/brocku.ca\/brock-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=77534"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}