BIBLIOGRAPHY ON THE MASSASAUGA RATTLESNAKE (Sistrurus catenatus)

AND

RELATED AREAS OF RESEARCH

(Arranged in alphabetical order)

(Updated 2005 March by Chu Jee Yan and John Middleton)

[Click HERE for the same information arranged in reverse chronological order]

The following is a list of currently available literature on the eastern massasauga rattlesnake and related topics, including both peer-reviewed and non-peer-reviewed sources, either in print or electronic format, and sorted into different categories according to the type of publication and application.

I. Refereed journal articles, conference proceedings, book chapters, and books of special scientific interests

II. Technical reports on population/habitat monitoring, recovery plans, manuals, and guidelines related to recovery efforts

III. Non-refereed magazine articles, general interest books, serials, brochures, and websites for public education purposes

IV. Media coverage (reverse chronological order only)

I. Refereed journal articles, conference proceedings, book chapters and books of special scientific interests:

Akçakaya, H.R. 2002. Estimating the variance of survival rates and fecundities. Anim. Conserv. 5:333-336.

Anton, T.G. 1999. Massasaugas in northestern Illinois: current status of Sistrurus catenatus catenatus  in Cook and Lake Counties, Illinois. Pp. 94-98 In B. Johnson and M. Wright (eds.), Second International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, Sistrurus catenatus catenatus: population and habitat management issues in urban, bog, prairie and forested ecosystems, 2-3 October, 1998, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Anton, T.G. 1993. Massasaugas in Lake County, Illinois: the Ryerson population. Pp. 71-77 In B. Johnson and V. Menzies (eds.) International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, 8-9 May, 1992, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Arnold, S.J. and Bennett, A.F. 1984. Behavioural variation in natural populations. III: antipredator displays in the garter snake Thamnophis radix. Anim. Behav. 32:1108-1118.

Beltz, E. 1993. Distribution and status of the eastern massasauga rattlesnake Sistrurus catenatus catenatus (Rafinesque, 1818) in the United States and Canada. Pp. 26-31 In B. Johnson and V. Menzies (eds.), International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, 8-9 May, 1992, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Beltz, E., Johnson, B., Hutchinson, B., Breisch, A., Gibson, R., Corbett, K., Reinert, H.K., Anton, T., Prevett, J.P., Hay, R., Sweiger, D., Ankenman, G., Villeneuve, M., Kiviat, E., Maple, B., Mierzwa, K., Watson, C., Johnstone, J., Murphy, P., Wiercinski, M., Johnson, G., Porchuk, B., Jaworski, T., Figg, D., Bird, M., and Weller, W.F. 1993. Establishing a recovery network: common research and conservation objectives. (Workshop) Pp. 109-122 In B. Johnson and V. Menzies (eds.), International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, 8-9 May, 1992, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Bérubé, M.-È. and Lavoie, C. 2000. The natural revegetation of a vacuum-mined peatland: eight years of monitoring. Can. Field Nat. 114:279-286.

Blades, D.C.A. and Marshall, S.A. 1994. Terrestrial arthropods of Canadian peatlands: synopsis of pan trap collections at four southern Ontario peatlands. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, 169:221-284.

Bleakney, J.S. 1958.  A zoogeographical study of the amphibians and reptiles of eastern Canada. National Museum of Canada Bulletin no.155, Biological Series no.54.  Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources Canada: Ottawa, ON. 119pp.

Brook, B., Burgman, M., Akçakaya, R., O’Grady, J. and Frankham, R. 2002. Critiques of PVA ask the wrong questions: throwing the heuristic baby out with the numerical bath water. Conserv. Biol. 16:262-263.

Burgman, M. and Possingham, H. 2000. Population viability analysis for conservation: the good, the bad and the undescribed. Pp. 97-112 In A.G. Young and G.M. Clark (eds.), Genetics, Demography and Viability of Fragmented Populations, Cambridge University Press: London, UK.

Burke, R.L. 1991. Relocations, repatriations, and translocations of amphibians and reptiles: taking a broader view. Herpetologica, 47:350-357.

Bury, R.B. 2004. Wildfire, fuel reduction, and herpetofaunas across diverse landscape mosaics in Northwestern forests. Conserv. Biol. 18:969-975.

Bury, R.B., Major, D.J. and Pilliod, D.S. 2002. Responses of amphibians to fire disturbance in Pacific Northwest forests: A review. Pp. 34-42 In W.M. Ford, K.R. Russell and C.E. Moorman (eds.) The Role of Fire in Nongame Wildlife Management and Community Restoration: Traditional Uses and New Directions. USDA, Gen. Tech. Report, NE-288. 145pp.

Bushey, C.L. 1978. Man's effect upon a colony of Sistrurus catenatus catenatus (Raf.) in northeastern Illinois (1834-1975). In D.C. Glenn-Lewin and R. Q. Landers, Jr. (eds.) Proc. of the Fifth Midwest Prairie Conference, August 22-24, 1976, Iowa State University, IA.

Campbell, J.A. and Brodie, E.D. Jr. (eds.) 1992. Biology of the Pitvipers, Selva: Tyler, TX.

Casper, G.S. 1993. Massasauga rattlesnake records collected by the Wisconsin Herpetological Atlas Project, 1986-1991. Pp. 80-85 In B. Johnson and V. Menzies (eds.) International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, 8-9 May, 1992, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Channell, R. and Lomolino, M.V. 2000. Dynamic biogeography and conservation of endangered species. Nature 403:84-86.

Chiszar, D., Taylor, S.V., Radcliffe, C.W., Smith, H.M. and O'Connell, B. 1981. Effects of chemical and visual stimuli upon chemosensory searching by garter snakes and rattlesnakes. J. Herpetol. 15:415-423.

Clark, J.A. and Harvey, E. 2002. Assessing multi-species recovery plans under the Endangered Species Act. Ecol. Applications 12:655-662.

Clark, T.W. and Wallace, R.L.  1998. Understanding the human factor in endangered species recovery: and introduction to human social process. Endangered Species Update, 15:2-9.

Cock Buning, T. de. 1983. Thermal sensitivity as a specialization for prey capture and feeding in snakes. Am. Zool. 23:363-375.

Conley, K.E. and Lindstedt, S.L. 1996. Minimal cost per twitch in rattlesnake tail muscle. Nature 383:71-72.

Cook, F.R. 1984. Introduction to Canadian Amphibians and Reptiles. National Museum of Natural Sciences, National Museums of Canada: Ottawa, ON. 200pp.

Cook, F.R. 1993. After an ice age: zoogeography of the massasauga within a Canadian herpetofaunal perspective. Pp. 19-25 In B. Johnson and V. Menzies (eds.), International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, 8-9 May, 1992, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Corbett, K. 1993. Viper conservation in Europe. (Keynote Address) Pp. 11-15 In B. Johnson and V. Menzies (eds.), International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, 8-9 May, 1992, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Costanzo, J.P. 1989. Conspecific scent trailing by garter snakes (Thamnophis sirtalis) during autumn. Further evidence for use of pheromones in den location. J. Chem. Ecol. 15:2531-2538.

Coulson, T., Mace, G., Hudson, E. and Possingham, H. 2001. The use and abuse of population viability analysis. Trends Ecol. Evol. 16:219-221.

Crowley, Joseph. 2006. Are Ontario Reptiles on the Road to Extinction? Anthropogenic Disturbance and Reptile Distributions Within Ontario. MSc Thesis, University of Guelph. 64pp.

Dalrymple, G.H. and Reichenbach, N.G. 1984. Management of an endangered species of snake in Ohio, USA.  Biol. Conserv. 30:195-200.

Dart, R.C., McNally, J.T., Spaite, D.W. and Gustafson, R. 1992. The sequelae of pitviper poisoning in the United States. Pp.395-404 In J.A. Campbell and E.D. Brodie, Jr. (eds.), Biology of the Pitvipers, Selva: Tyler, TX.

Davis, J.M. and Stamps, J.A. 2004. The effect of natal experience on habitat preferences. Trends Ecol. Evol. 19:411-416.

Diamond, J., Browning, M., Williams, A. and Middleton, J. 2004. Lack of evidence for impact of the European white birch, Betula pendula, on the hydrology of Wainfleet Bog, Ontario. Can. Field Nat. 117:393-398.

Dodd, C.K.Jr. 1987. Status, conservation, and management. Pp. 478-513 In R.A. Seigel, J.T. Collins and S.S. Novak (eds.) Snakes: Ecology and Evolutionary Biology. Macmillan Publ. Co.: New York, NY. 

Dodd,  C.K. Jr. 1993. Population structure, body mass, activity and orientation of an aquatic snake (Seminatrix pygaea) during a drought. Can. J. Zool. 71:1281-1288.

Dodd, C.K. Jr. and Seigel, R. A. 1991. Relocation, repatriation, and translocation of amphibians and reptiles: are they conservation strategies that work? Herpetologica, 47:336-350.

Dorcas, M.E., Hopkins, W.A. and Roe, J.H. 2004. Effects of Body Mass and Temperature on Standard Metabolic Rate in the Eastern Diamondback Rattlesnake (Crotalus adamanteus). Copeia, 2004:145-151.

Douglas, R.M. 1995. The herpetofauna of Florisbad Reseach Station as largely determined by array trapping. Navorsinge van die Nasionale Museum Bloemfontein 11:121-148.

Dubinsky, I. 1996.  Rattlesnake bite in a patient with horse allergy and von Willebrand's disease: case report. Can. Fam. Physician. 42:2207-2211.

Dunning, J.B., Danielson, B.J. and Pulliam, H.R. 1992. Ecological processes that affect populations in complex landscapes. Oikos, 65:169-175.

Eggelsmann, R.R.F. 1995. Hydrological protection and rewetting of raised bogs influenced by man. Pp.347-348 In B.D. Wheeler, S.C. Shaw, W.J. Fojt and R.A. Robertson (eds.) Restoration of Temperate Wetlands, John Wiley & Sons: Chichester, UK.

Enright, B. 1986. The Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake. The Ontario Herpetological Society News 6 (November 1986). 2 pp.

Ernst, C. H. 1992. Venomous Reptiles of North America. Smithsonian Inst. Press: Washington, D.C. ix + 236 pp.

Ernst, C.H. and Barbour, R.W. 1989. Snakes of Eastern North America. George Mason University Press: Fairfax, VA. 282pp.

Erwin, W.J. and Stasiak, R.H. 1979. Vertebrate mortality during the burning of a re-established prairie in Nebraska. Am. Midl. Nat. 101:247-249.

Farrell, T.M., May, P.G., and Pilgrim, M.A. 1995. Reproduction in the rattlesnake, Sistrurus miliarius barbouri, in central Florida. J. Herpetol. 29:21-27.

Finley, J.C. 1964. Nature and treatment of bites of venomous snakes in Canada: a review. Can. Med. Ass. J. 90:1457-1463.

Fitch, H.S. 1987. Collecting and life-history techniques. Pp.143-164 In R.A. Seigel, J.T. Collins and S.S. Novak (eds.) Snakes: Ecology and Evolutionary Biology. Macmillan Publ. Co.: New York, NY.

Flanagan, J.P. 1992. Disease impact on Aruba Island rattlesnakes. Section 5 In R.A. Odum (ed.), International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation and Research of the Aruba Island Rattlesnake: Population and Habitat Viability Assessment, IUCN CBSG, Apple Valley, MN.

Fox, W.S. 1948. The swamp rattlesnake in inland southwestern Ontario. Can. Field Nat. 62:160-161.

Fox, W.S. 1951. The little swamp rattlesnake in inland Ontario. Can. Field Nat. 65:39.

Freeman, C., Ostle, N. and Kang, H. 2001. An enzymic 'latch' on a global carbon store. Nature 409:149.

Furry, K., Swain, T. and Chiszar, D. 1991. Strike-induced chemosensory searching and trail following by prairie rattlesnakes (Crotalus viridis) preying upon deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus): chemical discrimination among individual mice. Herpetologica 47:69-78.

Gans, C. (ed.) 1982. Biology of the Reptilia, Academic Press: New York, NY.

Gibbons, J.W. and Semlitsch, R.D. 1987. Activity patterns. Pp. 396-421 In R.A. Seigel, J.T. Collins and S.S. Novak (eds.) Snakes: Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Macmillan Publ. Co.: New York, NY.

Gibbs, H.L. 1999. Conservation genetics of eastern massasauga rattlesnakes, Sistrurus catenatus catenatus. Pp.50-52 In B. Johnson and M. Wright (eds.), Second International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, Sistrurus catenatus catenatus: population and habitat management issues in urban, bog, prairie and forested ecosystems, 2-3 October, 1998, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Gibbs, H.L., Prior, K.A. and Parent, C. 1998. Characterization of DNA microsatellite loci from a threatened snake: the eastern massasauga rattlesnake (Sistrurus c. catenatus) and their use in population studies. J. Heredity. 89:169-173.

Gibbs, H.L., Prior, K.A., and Weatherhead, P.J. 1994. Genetic analysis of populations of threatened snake species using RAPD markers. Mol. Ecol. 3:329-337.

Gibbs, H.L., Prior, K.A., Weatherhead, P.J. and Johnson, G. 1997. Genetic structure of populations of the threatened eastern massasauga rattlesnake, Sistrurus c. catenatus: evidence from microsatellite DNA markers. Mol. Ecol. 6:1123-1132.

Goldingay, R.L. and Newell, D.A. 2000. Experimental rock outcrops reveal continuing habitat disturbance for an endangered Australian snake. Conserv. Biol. 14:1908-1912.

Graves, B.M. 1989. Defensive behavior of female prairie rattlesnakes (Crotalus viridis) changes after parturition. Copeia 1989:791-794.

Graves, B.M. and Duvall, D. 1993. Reproduction, rookery use, and thermoregulation in free-ranging, pregnant Crotalus v. viridis. J. Herpetol. 27:33-41.

Greenberg, C.H., Neary, D.G. and Harris, L.D. 1994. A comparison of herpetofaunal sampling effectiveness of pitfall, single-ended, and double-ended funnel traps used with drift fences. J. Herpetol. 28:319-324.

Greene, H.W. 1994. Systematics and natural history, foundations for understanding and conserving biodiversity. Am. Zool. 34:48-56.

Greene, H.W. and Campbell, J.A. 1992. The future of pitvipers. Pp. 421-427 In J.A. Campbell and E.D. Brodie, Jr. (eds.), Biology of the Pitvipers, Selva: Tyler, TX.

Gregory, P.T. 2004. Analysis of patterns of aggregation under cover objects in an assemblage of six species of snakes. Herpetologica 60:178-186.

Gregory, P.T. 1982. Reptilian hibernation. Pp. 53-154 In C. Gans and F.H. Pough (eds.) Biology of the Reptilia, vol. 13, Physiology D: Physiological Ecology, Academic Press: New York, NY.

Gregory, P.T., Macartney, J.M. and Larsen, K.W. 1987. Spatial patterns and movements. Pp. 366-395 In R.A. Seigel, J.T. Collins and S.S. Novak (eds.) Snakes: Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Macmillan Publ. Co.: New York, NY.

Grosvernier, Ph., Matthey, Y. and Buttler, A. 1995. Microclimate and physical properties of peat: new clues to the understanding of bog restoration processes. Pp.435-450 In B.D. Wheeler, S.C. Shaw, W.J. Fojt and R.A. Robertson (eds.) Restoration of Temperate Wetlands, John Wiley & Sons: Chichester, UK.

Hallock, L.A. 1991. Habitat Utilization, Diet and Behavior of the Eastern Massasauga (Sistrurus catenatus) in Southern Michigan. M.Sc. Thesis, Michigan State University, Ann Arbor, MI. vii+40pp.

Hardy, D.L. Sr. 1992. A review of first aid measures for pitviper bite in North America with an appraisal of EXTRACTOR^TM suction and stun gun electroshock. Pp.405-414 In J.A. Campbell and E.D. Brodie, Jr. (eds.), Biology of the Pitvipers, Selva: Tyler, TX.

Harvey,  D. S. 2005. Detectability of a large-bodied snake (Sistrurus c. catenatus) by time-constrained searching. Herpetological Review 36(4): 413-415.

Hay, R. 1993. Summary report of management concerns and guidelines for the eastern massasauga rattlesnake (Sistrurus catenatus catenatus). Pp 107-108 In B. Johnson and V. Menzies (eds.), International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, 8-9 May, 1992, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Hay, R. 1999. Summary report of management concerns and guidelines for the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake (Sistrurus catenatus catenatus). Pp. 42-43 In B. Johnson and M. Wright (eds.), Second International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, Sistrurus catenatus catenatus: population and habitat management issues in urban, bog, prairie and forested ecosystems, 2-3 October, 1998, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Hayes, W.K. 1986. Observations of courtship in the rattlesnake, Crotalus viridis oreganus. J. Herpetol. 20:246-249.

Hayes, W.K., Lavín-Murcio, P. and Kardong, K.V. 1995. Northern Pacific rattlesnakes (Crotalus viridis oreganus) meter venom when feeding on prey of different sizes. Copeia 1995:337-343.

Heathwaite, L. 1995. Problems in the hydrological management of cut-over raised mires, with special reference to Thorne Moors, south Yorkshire. Pp. 315-329 In B.D. Wheeler, S.C. Shaw, W.J. Fojt and R.A. Robertson (eds.) Restoration of Temperate Wetlands, John Wiley & Sons: Chichester, UK.

Hedgecock, K. 1993. Defensive behaviour of the eastern massasauga rattlesnake. Pp. 99-103 In B. Johnson and V. Menzies (eds.) International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, 8-9 May, 1992, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Homan, R.N., Windmiller, B.S. and Reed, J.M. 2004. Critical thresholds associated with habitat loss for two vernal pool-breeding amphibians. Ecol. Applications, 14:1547-1553.

Huey, R.B., Peterson, C.R., Arnold, S.J. and Porter, W.P. 1989. Hot rocks and not-so-hot rocks: retreat-site selection by garter snakes and its thermal consequences. Ecology 70: 931-944.

Hurlburt, W.E. 1934. The Massasauga (Sistrurus catenatus) in Welland County, Ontario. Can. Field-Nat. 48:55.

Hutchinson, B., Duchesne, C., and Schryver, H. 1993. GIS analysis of habitat use by Massasauga rattlesnakes in Bruce Peninsula National Park. Pp. 45-47 In B. Johnson and V. Menzies (eds.), International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, 8-9May, 1992, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Jaffe, F.A. 1957. A fatal case of snakebite. Can. Med. Assoc. J. 76:641-643.

Jaworski, T. 1993. The management of a 4.04 hectare field for Sistrurus catenatus catenatus, the massasauga rattlesnake, at Cedar Bog, Champaign County, Ohio. Pp 60-63 In B. Johnson and V. Menzies (eds.), International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, 8-9 May, 1992, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Johnson, B. 1999. Managing attitudes: education strategies for the recovery of the eastern massasauga rattlesnake. Pp. 33-41 In B. Johnson and M. Wright (eds.), Second International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, Sistrurus catenatus catenatus: population and habitat management issues in urban, bog, prairie and forested ecosystems, 2-3 October, 1998, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Johnson, B. 1993. Eastern massasauga rattlesnake conservation education program at the Metro Toronto Zoo. Pp. 89-93 In B. Johnson and V. Menzies (eds.), International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, 8-9 May, 1992, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Johnson, B. 1989. Combat and courtship of the eastern massasauga rattlesnake - comparison of field and captive behaviour. Pp.71-78 In M.J. Rosenberg (ed.), Proceedings of the 12^th International Herpetological Symposium on Captive Propagation and Husbandry, 15-18 June, 1988, New York-New Jersey Metropolitan Area.

Johnson, B. 1989. Familiar Amphibians and Reptiles of Ontario. Natural Heritage/ Natural History Inc.: Toronto, ON. 168pp.

Johnson, B. and Menzies, V. (eds.) 1993. International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, 8-9 May, 1992, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Johnson, B. and Wright, M. (eds.) 1999. Second International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, Sistrurus catenatus catenatus: population and habitat management issues in urban, bog, prairie and forested ecosystems, 2-3 October, 1998, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Johnson, D. 1999. The Jennings Environmental Education Center Management Plan: protection and management of a relict prairie ecosystem. Pp. 137-142 In B. Johnson and M. Wright (eds.), Second International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, Sistrurus catenatus catenatus: population and habitat management issues in urban, bog, prairie and forested ecosystems, 2-3 October, 1998, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Johnson, G. 1995. Spatial Ecology, Habitat Preference, and Habitat Management of the Eastern Massasauga, Sistrurus c. catenatus, in a New York Weakly Minerotrophic Peatland. Ph.D. dissertation, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, SUNY, Syracuse, NY. xvii+222pp.

Johnson, G. 1990. Conservation efforts for the eastern massasauga at the Cicero Swamp Wildlife Management Area, New York. Nat. Areas J. 10:219-220.

Johnson, G. and Breisch, A.R. 1999. Preliminary evaluation of a habitat management plan for the eastern massasauga in a New York peatland. Pp. 155-159 In B. Johnson and M. Wright (eds.), Second International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, Sistrurus catenatus catenatus: population and habitat management issues in urban, bog, prairie and forested ecosystems, 2-3 October, 1998, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Johnson, G. and Breisch, A. 1993. The eastern massasauga rattlesnake in New York: occurrence and habitat management. Pp. 48-54 In B. Johnson and V. Menzies (eds.), International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, 8-9 May, 1992, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Johnson, G. and Leopold, D.J. 1998. Habitat management for the eastern massasauga in a central New York peatland.  J. Wildl. Manage. 62:84-97.

Johnson, T.R. and Figg, D.E. 1993. Massasauga rattlesnake conservation in Missouri. Pp. 78-79 In B. Johnson and V. Menzies (eds.) International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, 8-9 May, 1992, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Jonsson-Ninniss, S. and Middleton, J. 1991. Effect of peat extraction on the vegetation in Wainfleet Bog, Ontario. Can. Field Nat. 105:505-511.

Joosten, J.H.J. 1995. Time to regenerate: long-term perspectives of raised bog regeneration with special emphasis on palaeoecological studies. Pp.379-404 In B.D. Wheeler, S.C. Shaw, W.J. Fojt and R.A. Robertson (eds.) Restoration of Temperate Wetlands, John Wiley & Sons: Chichester, UK.

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Keenlyne, K.D. and Beer, J.R. 1973. Food habits of Sistrurus catenatus catenatus. J. Herpetol. 7:382-384.

King, R.S. 1999. Habitat use and movement patterns of the eastern massasauga in Wisconsin. (Abstract) P. 80 In B. Johnson and M. Wright (eds.), Second International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, Sistrurus catenatus catenatus: population and habitat management issues in urban, bog, prairie and forested ecosystems, 2-3 October, 1998, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

King, R., Berg, C. and Hay, B. 2004. A Repatriation study of the eastern massasauga (Sistrurus catenatus catenatus) in Wisconsin. Herpetologica, 60:429-437.

Kingsbury, B.A. 1999. Promoting massasauga conservation in public wildlife areas. Pp.160-163 In B. Johnson and M. Wright (eds.), Second International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, Sistrurus catenatus catenatus: population and habitat management issues in urban, bog, prairie and forested ecosystems, 2-3 October, 1998, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Kingsbury, B.A. 1996. Status of the eastern massasauga, Sistrurus c. catenatus, in Indiana with management recommendations for recovery. Proc. Indiana Acad. Sci. 105:195-205.

Kinzig, A.P. and Starrett, D. 2003. Coping with uncertainty: a call for a new science-policy forum. Ambio 32:330-335.

Kissner, K.J., Forbes, M.R. and Secoy, D.M. 1997. Rattling behavior of prairie rattlesnakes (Crotalus viridis viridis, Viperidae) in relation to sex, reproductive status, body size and body temperature. Ethology 103:1042-1050.

Kjoss, V.A. 2000. Community Structure of Snakes in a Fragmented Landscape.  MSc Thesis, Wildlife Ecology, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH.  50pp.+appdx.

Kjoss, V.A. and Litvaitis, J.A. 2001a. Comparison of 2 methods to sample snake communities in early successional habitats. Wildl. Soc. Bull. 29:153-157.

Kjoss, V.A. and Litvaitis, J.A. 2001b. Community structure of snakes in a human-dominated landscape. Biol. Conserv. 98:285-292.

Klauber, L.M. 1972. Rattlesnakes: Their Habits, Life Histories, and Influence on Mankind, Vol. I, Second Edition. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA. Pp. 97, 553, and 642.

Lavoie, C. and Saint-Louis, A. 1999. The spread of gray birch (Betula populifolia) in eastern Quebec: landscape and historical considerations. Can. J. Bot. 77:859-868.

Lawson, P.A. 1994. Orientation abilities and mechanisms in nonmigratory populations of garter snakes (Thamnophis sirtalis and T. ordinoides). Copeia, 1994:263-274.

LeBer, C. 1998 .Rattlesnake bites in Ontario, 1971 to 1998. Public Health and Epidemiology Report Ontario 1998: 255-260.

Legge, J.T. and Rabe, M.L. 1999. Habitat changes and trends affecting selected populations of Sistrurus catenatus catenatus (Eastern Massasauga) in Michigan. Pp. 156-164 In Warwick, C. (ed.), The Fifteenth North American Prairie Conference Proceedings, The Natural Areas Association.

LeRay, W.J. 1930. The rattlesnake (Sistrurus catenatus) in Ontario. Can. Field Nat. 44:201-203.

Lindenmayer, D.B. and Possingham, H.P. 1995. The conservation of arboreal marsupials in the montane ash forests of the central highlands of Victoria, south-eastern Australia – VII. Modelling the persistence of leadbeater’s possum in response to modified timber harvesting practices. Biol. Conserv. 7:239-257.

Lindenmayer, D.B., Burgman, M.A., Akçakaya, H.R., Lacy, R.C. and Possingham, H.P. 1995. A review of the generic computer programs ALEX, RAMAS/space and VORTEX for modelling the viability of wildlife metapopulations. Ecol. Modelling 82:161-174.

Logier, E.B.S. 1958. The Snakes of Ontario, Univ. of Toronto Press: Toronto, ON. x, 94pp.

Lumsden, H.G. 1966. The prairie chicken in southwestern Ontario. Can. Field Nat. 80:33-45.

Mackessy, S.P. 1988. Venom ontogeny in the Pacific rattlesnakes Crotalus viridis helleri and C. v. oreganus. Copeia 1988:92-101.

Madsen, T., Shine, R., Olsson, M. and Wittzell, H. 1999. Conservation biology: restoration of an inbred adder population. Nature, 402:34-35.

Madsen, T., Stille, B., and Shine, R. 1996. Inbreeding depression in an isolated population of adders, Vipera berus. Biol. Conserv. 75:113-118.

Mantil, T. 1993. Snakes: a learning experience. Pp. 94-95 In B. Johnson and V. Menzies (eds.) International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, 8-9 May, 1992, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Martin, J.H. and Bagby, R.M. 1972. Temperature-frequency relationship of the rattlesnake rattle. Copeia 1972:482-485.

Mason, R.T., Fales, H.M., Jones, T.H., Pannell, L.K., Chinn, J.W. and Crews, D. 1989. Sex pheromones in snakes. Science, 245:290-293.

Mauger, D. and Wilson, T.P. 1999. Population characteristics and seasonal activity of Sistrurus catenatus catenatus in Will County, Illinois: implications for management and monitoring. Pp. 110-124 In B. Johnson and M. Wright (eds.), Second International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, Sistrurus catenatus catenatus: population and habitat management issues in urban, bog, prairie and forested ecosystems, 2-3 October, 1998, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Mawby, F.J. 1995. Effects of damming peat cuttings on Glasson Moss and Wedholme Flow, two lowland raised bogs in northwest England. Pp.349-357 In B.D. Wheeler, S.C. Shaw, W.J. Fojt and R.A. Robertson (eds.) Restoration of Temperate Wetlands, John Wiley & Sons: Chichester, UK.

McArdie, B.H. 1995. The temporal variability of densities: back to basics. Oikos 74:165-171.

McKinstry, D.M. 1985. Toxicity of the Eastern Massasauga (Sistrurus catenatus catenatus). Massasauga Rattlesnake Symposium, Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources, Jennings Environmental Education Center, Slippery Rock, Pennsylvania, August 22-23, 1985. 31 pp.

McLeod, R.F. and Gates, J.E. 1998. Response of herpetofaunal communities to forest cutting and burning at Chesapeake Farms, Maryland. Am. Midl. Nat. 139:164-177.

Mehren, K.G. and Crawshaw, G.J. 1999. Medical aspects of eastern massasauga rattlesnake recovery. Pp. 53-57 In B. Johnson and M. Wright (eds.), Second International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, Sistrurus catenatus catenatus: population and habitat management issues in urban, bog, prairie and forested ecosystems, 2-3 October, 1998, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Melcer, T. and Chiszar, D. 1989. Striking prey creates a specific chemical search image in rattlesnakes. Anim. Behav. 37:477-486.

Middleton, J. 1993. The massasauga rattlesnake, Sistrurus catenatus, in Wainfleet Bog. Pp. 43-44 In B. Johnson and V. Menzies (eds.), International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, 8-9 May, 1992, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Mierzwa, K. 1993. Habitat utilization and status of the eastern massasauga rattlesnake, Sistrurus catenatus, in the Chicago region. Pp. 66-70 In B. Johnson and V. Menzies (eds.), International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, 8-9 May, 1992, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Minton, S.A. Jr. 1983. Sistrurus catenatus. Catalog. Am. Amphib. Rept. 332:1-2.

Moran, T. 1993. Current status of eastern massasauga rattlesnakes in Michigan. Pp.64-65 In B. Johnson and V. Menzies (eds.) International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, 8-9 May, 1992, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Morgan, J.M. and J.H. Gramann. 1989. Predicting effectiveness of wildlife education programs: a study of students' attitudes and knowledge toward snakes. Wildl. Soc. Bull. 17:501-509.

Moritz, C. 1994. Defining "Evolutionarily Significant Units" for conservation. Trends Ecol. Evol. 9:373-375.

Morris, W.F. and Doak, D.F. 2002. Quantitative Conservation Biology: Theory and Practice of Population Viability Analysis, Sinauer Associates, Inc. Publ.: Sunderland, MA. xiv+480pp.

Nilson, G. and Andrén, C. 1999. Lessons to be learned from the conservation of endangered vipers. Pp. 9-13 In B. Johnson and M. Wright (eds.), Second International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, Sistrurus catenatus catenatus: population and habitat management issues in urban, bog, prairie and forested ecosystems, 2-3 October, 1998, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Oldham, M. 1987. Rattlesnakes in Essex County. The Egret 4(1): 21-23.

Oldham, M.J. 1985. Sistrurus catenatus catenatus (Eastern Massasauga) pattern. Herpetol. Rev. 16:57.

Oldham, M.J., Austen, M.J. and Sorrill, P.J. 1999. A review and evaluation of eastern massasauga observations in Ontario: applications for conservation and management. Pp. 67-76 In B. Johnson and M. Wright (eds.), Second International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, Sistrurus catenatus catenatus: population and habitat management issues in urban, bog, prairie and forested ecosystems, 2-3 October, 1998, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Parent, C. 1999. (Abstract only) Monitoring strategies for the eastern massasauga rattlesnake in Killbear Provincial Park. P. 99 In B. Johnson and M. Wright (eds.), Second International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, Sistrurus catenatus catenatus: population and habitat management issues in urban, bog, prairie and forested ecosystems, 2-3 October, 1998, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Parent, C. and Weatherhead, P.J. 2000. Behavioral and life history responses of eastern massasauga rattlesnakes (Sistrurus catenatus catenatus) to human disturbance. Oecologia 125:170-178.

Parent, C.E. 1997. The Effects of Human Disturbance on Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnakes (Sistrurus catenatus catenatus) in Killbear Provincial Park, Ontario. MSc. Thesis, Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON. xiv, 123 pp.

Parker, S. 1995. Management of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake within Bruce Peninsula National Park, Tobermory, Ontario. Pp. 153-161 In: Ecosystem Planning Series: Leading Edge Conference’94: A conference linking research, planning and community in the Niagara Escarpment, October 26-28, 1994, Hockley Valley Resort, Mono Township, ON..

Parker, S. and Prior, K. 1999. Population monitoring of the massasauga rattlesnake (Sistrurus catenatus catenatus) in Bruce Peninsula National Park, Ontario, Canada. Pp. 63-66 In B. Johnson and M. Wright (eds.), Second International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, Sistrurus catenatus catenatus: population and habitat management issues in urban, bog, prairie and forested ecosystems, 2-3 October, 1998, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Parker, W.S., and Plummer, M.V. 1987. Population ecology. Pp. 253-301 In R.A. Seigel, J.T. Collins, and S.S. Novak, (eds.) Snakes: Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Macmillan Publ. Co.: New York, NY. 

Parsons, H.J., Rivard, D.H. and Villeneuve, M. 1983. The Eastern Massasauga on Beausoleil Island, Georgian Bay Islands National Park, Ontario, Bufo Inc.: West Vancouver, BC. 17 pp.

Pearce, R.L. 2001. The Population, Evolutionary and Conservation Genetics of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake (Sistrurus catenatus catenatus). M.Sc. Thesis, Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON. x+126pp.

Pilliod, D., Bury, R.B., Hyde, E.J., Pearl, C.A. and Corn, P.S. 2003 . Fire and amphibians in North America. Special Issue: Fire and Aquatic Ecosystems. Forest Ecol. Manage. 178:163-181.

Poschlod, P. 1995. Diaspore rain and diaspore bank in raised bogs and implications for the restoration of peat-mined sites. Pp.471-494 In B.D. Wheeler, S.C. Shaw, W.J. Fojt and R.A. Robertson (eds.) Restoration of Temperate Wetlands, John Wiley & Sons: Chichester, UK.

Possingham, H.P. and Davies, I. 1995. ALEX: a model for the viability analysis of spatially structured populations. Biol. Conserv. 73:143-150.

Possingham, H.P., Lindenmayer, D.B. and McCarthy, M.A. 2001. Population viability analysis. Encyclopedia of Biodiversity 4:831-843.

Pough, F.H. 1983. Amphibians and reptiles as low-energy systems. Pp.141-188 In W.P. Aspey and S.I. Lustick (eds.), Behavioral Energetics: The Cost of Survival in Vertebrates, Ohio State Univ. Press: Columbus, OH.

Pratt, P.D., Cedar, K. and Barten, J. 1993. A remnant population of the eastern massasauga rattlesnake at Ojibway Prairie, Windsor, Ontario. Pp. 40-41 In B. Johnson and V. Menzies (eds.), International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, 8-9 May, 1992, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Pratt, P.D., Cedar, K. and Pocock, E. 1999. Setting fires and saving rattlers: managing an urban prairie. Pp. 135-136 In B. Johnson and M. Wright (eds.), Second International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, Sistrurus catenatus catenatus: population and habitat management issues in urban, bog, prairie and forested ecosystems, 2-3 October, 1998, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Prior, K. 1999. Recovery priorities for the eastern massasauga. Pp. 28-30 In B. Johnson and M. Wright (eds.), Second International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, Sistrurus catenatus catenatus: population and habitat management issues in urban, bog, prairie and forested ecosystems, 2-3 October, 1998, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Prior, K.A. and Weatherhead, P.J. 1994. Response of free-ranging eastern massasauga rattlesnake to human disturbance. J. Herpetol. 28:255-257.

Prior, K.A., Blouin-Demers, G. and Weatherhead, P.J. 2001. Sampling biases in demographic analyses of black rat snakes (Elaphe obsoleta). Herpetologica 57:460-469.

Prior, K.A., Gibbs, H.L., and Weatherhead, P.J. 1997. Population genetic structure in the black rat snake: implications for management. Conserv. Biol. 11:1147-1158.

Proctor, M.C.F. 1995. The ombrogenous bog environment. Pp.287-303 In B.D. Wheeler, S.C. Shaw, W.J. Fojt and R.A. Robertson (eds.) Restoration of Temperate Wetlands, John Wiley & Sons: Chichester, UK.

Quirouette, J. 2000. Logistic regression model of the eastern massasauga rattlesnake in the Georgian Bay population region. Pp. ___ In ______ (eds.) GIS 2000, 13-16 Mar 2000, Toronto, ON.

Quirouette, J. and Zorn, P. 1999. Statistical methods for dealing with the influence of uncertainty in species probability modelling: linking species occurrence data with statistical models and GIS. Pp. 77-79 In B. Johnson and M. Wright (eds.), Second International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, Sistrurus catenatus catenatus: population and habitat management issues in urban, bog, prairie and forested ecosystems, 2-3 October, 1998, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Ralls, K., Beissinger, S. and Cochrane, J. 2002. Guidelines for using population viability analysis in endangered-species management. Pp.521-550 In S. Beissinger and D. McCullough (eds.), Population Viability Analysis, Univ. of Chicago Press: Chicago, IL.

Reed, J., Mills, L., Dunning, J., Menges, E., McKelvey, K., Frye, R., Beissinger, S., Anstett, M. and Miller, P. 2002. Emerging issues in population viability analysis. Conserv. Biol. 16:7-19.

Reinert, H.K. 1992. Radiotelemetric field studies of pitvipers: data acquisition and analysis. Pp.185-197 In J.A. Campbell and E.D. Brodie, Jr. (eds.), Biology of the Pitvipers, Selva: Tyler, TX.

Reinert, H.K. 1991. Translocation as a conservation strategy for amphibians and reptiles: some comments, concerns and observations. Herpetologica 47:357-363.

Reinert, H.K. 1984a. Habitat separation between sympatric snake populations.  Ecology 65:478-486.

Reinert, H.K. 1984b. Habitat variation within sympatric snake populations. Ecology 65:1673-1682.

Reinert, H.K. 1981. Reproduction by the massasauga (Sistrurus catenatus catenatus). Am. Midl. Nat. 105:393-395.

Reinert, H.K. and Bushar, L.M. 1993. The status of the massasauga in Pennsylvania: a story of continuing habitat loss and population isolation. Pp. 55-59 In B. Johnson and V. Menzies (eds.), International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, 8-9 May, 1992, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Reinert, H.K. and Cundall, D. 1982. An improved surgical implantation method for radio-tracking snakes. Copeia 1982:702-705.

Reinert, H.K. and Kodrich, W.R. 1982. Movements and habitat utilization by the massasauga, Sistrurus catenatus catenatus. J Herpetol. 16:162-171.

Resetar, A. 1993. The eastern massasauga rattlesnake (Sistrurus catenatus catenatus) in Indiana: a preliminary historical survey. Pp.138-140 In B. Johnson and V. Menzies (eds.), International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, 8-9 May, 1992, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Robert, A., Sarrazin, F., Couvet, D. and Legendre, S. 2004. Releasing adults versus young in reintroductions: interactions between demography and genetics. Conserv. Biol. 18:1078-1087.

Rochefort, L., Gauthier, R. and Lequéré, D. 1995. Sphagnum regeneration - toward an optimisation of bog restoration. Pp.423-434 In B.D. Wheeler, S.C. Shaw, W.J. Fojt and R.A. Robertson (eds.) Restoration of Temperate Wetlands, John Wiley & Sons: Chichester, UK.

Rodda, G.H., Fritts, T.H. and Chiszar, D. 1997. The disappearance of Guam's wildlife: new insights for herpetology, evolutionary ecology, and conservation. Bioscience 47:565-574.

Roth, E.D., May, P.G., and Farrell, T.M. 1999.  Pigmy rattlesnakes use frog-derived chemical cues to select foraging sites. Copeia, 1999:772-774.

Savary, F. 2001. Investigation into Haemoprotozoa in the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake (Sistrurus catenatus catenatus). M.Sc. project report, Wild Animal Health, University of London, England.

Schmidt, K.P. 1938. Herpetological evidence for the post-glacial extension of the steppe in North America. Ecology 19:396-407.

Schouwenaars, J.M. 1995. The selection of internal and external water management options for bog restoration. Pp.331-346 In B.D. Wheeler, S.C. Shaw, W.J. Fojt and R.A. Robertson (eds.) Restoration of Temperate Wetlands, John Wiley & Sons: Chichester, UK.

Schuett, G.W. 1992. Is long-term sperm storage an important component of the reproductive biology of temperate pitvipers? Pp.169-184 In J.A. Campbell and E.D. Brodie, Jr. (eds.), Biology of the Pitvipers, Selva: Tyler, TX.

Schwenk, K. 1995. Of tongues and noses: chemoreception in lizards and snakes. Trends Ecol. Evol. 10:7-12.

Sealy, J.B. 1995. Movements and management of nuisance rattlesnakes in a state park in North Carolina. SSAR Annual Meeting. Abstract only.

Seigel, R.A. 1986. Ecology and conservation of an endangered rattlesnake, Sistrurus catenatus, in Missouri, USA. Biol. Conserv. 35:333-346.

Seigel, R.A. and Ford, N.B. 1987. Reproductive ecology. 1987. Pp. 210-252 In R.A. Seigel, J.T. Collins and S.S. Novak (eds.) Snakes: Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Macmillan Publ. Co.: New York, NY. 

Seigel, R.A. and Sheil, C.A. 1999. Population viability analysis: applications for the conservation of massasaugas. Pp. 17-22 In B. Johnson and M. Wright (eds.), Second International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, Sistrurus catenatus catenatus: population and habitat management issues in urban, bog, prairie and forested ecosystems, 2-3 October, 1998, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Seigel, R.A., Collins, J.T. and Novak, S.S.  (eds.) 1987. Snakes: Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Macmillan Publ. Co.: New York, NY. 

Seigel, R.A., Sheil, C.A., and Doody, J.S. 1998. Changes in a population of an endangered rattlesnake Sistrurus catenatus following a severe flood. Biol. Conserv. 83:127-131.

Sexton, O.J., Jacobson, P. and Bramble, J.E. 1992. Geographic variation in some activities associated with hibernation in neartic pitvipers. Pp.337-345 In J.A. Campbell and E.D. Brodie, Jr. (eds.), Biology of the Pitvipers, Selva: Tyler, TX.

Shine, R. and Fitzgerald, M. 1996. Large snakes in a mosaic rural landscape: the ecology of carpet pythons Morelia spilota (Serpentes: Pythonidae) in coastal eastern Australia. Biol. Conserv. 76:113-122.

Sorrell, J. 1999. Using information technology to support collaborative process: the Sistrurus Information Network (SIN). Pp. 31-32 In B. Johnson and M. Wright (eds.), Second International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, Sistrurus catenatus catenatus: population and habitat management issues in urban, bog, prairie and forested ecosystems, 2-3 October, 1998, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Soulé, M.E., Estes, J.A., Miller, B. and Honnold, D.L. 2005. Strongly interacting species: conservation policy, management, and ethics. Bioscience, 55:168-176.

Szymanski, J. 1999. Eastern massasauga status assessment: consideration for listing pursuant to the Endangered Species Act of 1973. Pp. 23-27 In B. Johnson and M. Wright (eds.), Second International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, Sistrurus catenatus catenatus: population and habitat management issues in urban, bog, prairie and forested ecosystems, 2-3 October, 1998, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, Ontario.

Tear, T.H., Scott, J.M., Hayward, P.H. and Griffith, B. 1995. Recovery plans and the Endangered Species Act: are criticisms supported by data? Conserv. Biol. 9:182-195.

Villeneuve, M. 1998. Managing the Massasauga. Reptile Life 2:21-25.

Villeneuve, M. 1993. Georgian Bay Islands National Park's Public Safety Plan. Pp. 96-98 In B. Johnson and V. Menzies (eds.) International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, 8-9 May, 1992, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Villeneuve, M. 1988. Eastern Massasauga - Massasauga (Sistrurus catenatus catenatus). Pp.159-161. In: W.F. Weller and M.J. Oldham (eds.) Ontario Herpetofaunal Summary 1986, Ontario Field Herpetologists: Cambridge, ON.

Villeneuve, M. and Rivard, D.H. 1985. Massasauga Rattlesnake management at Georgian Bay Islands National Park, Ontario, Canada. Can. Soc. of Env. Biol. Newsletter/Bull. 42:27-29.

Wacha, R.S. and Christiansen, J.L. 1982. Development of Caryospora bigenetica n. sp. (Apicomplexa, Eimeriidae) in rattlesnakes and laboratory mice. J. Protozool. 29:272-278.

Walton, M. and Villeneuve, M. 1999. Ecosystem planning in Georgian Bay Islands National Park: a multi-jurisdictional approach. Pp. 81-84 In B. Johnson and M. Wright (eds.), Second International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, Sistrurus catenatus catenatus: population and habitat management issues in urban, bog, prairie and forested ecosystems, 2-3 October, 1998, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Weatherhead, P.J. and Prior, K.A. 1992. Preliminary observations of habitat use and movements of the eastern massasauga rattlesnake (Sistrurus c. catenatus). J. Herpetol. 26:447-452.

Webb, J.K. and Shine, R. 2000. Paving the way for habitat restoration: can artificial rocks restore degraded habitats of endangered reptiles? Biol. Conserv. 92:93-99.

Weller, W.F. and Oldham, M.J. (eds.) 1988. Ontario Herpetofaunal Summary 1986. Ontario Field Herpetologists, Cambridge, Ontario.

Weller, W.F. and Oldham, M.J. 1993. Historic and current distribution and status of the eastern massasauga (Sistrurus catenatus) in Ontario, Canada. Pp. 35-39 In B. Johnson and V. Menzies (eds.), International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, 8-9 May, 1992, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Wheeler, B.D., Shaw, S.C., Fojt, W.J. and Robertson, R.A. (eds.) 1995. Restoration of Temperate Wetlands, John Wiley & Sons: Chichester, UK.

Willis, L., Trelkeld, S.T. and Carpenter, C.C. 1982. Tail loss patterns in Thamnophis (Reptilia: Colubridae) and the probable fate of injured individuals. Copeia 1982:98-101.

Wilson, T.P. and Mauger, D. 1999. Home range and habitat use of Sistrurus catenatus catenatus  in eastern Will County, Illinois. Pp. 125-134 In B. Johnson and M. Wright (eds.), Second International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, Sistrurus catenatus catenatus: population and habitat management issues in urban, bog, prairie and forested ecosystems, 2-3 October, 1998, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Wright, B.A. 1941. Habit and habitat studies of the massasauga rattlesnake (Sistrurus catenatus catenatus Raf.) in northeastern Illinois.  Am. Midl. Nat. 25:659-672.

Wright, A. and Wright, A. 1994. Handbook of snakes of the United States and Canada, Cornstock Pub. Assoc.: Ithaca, NY.

Yagi, A. and Frohlich, K. 1999. An interim report on Wainfleet Bog restoration: challenges and future direction. Pp. 164-169 In B. Johnson and M. Wright (eds.), Second International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, Sistrurus catenatus catenatus: population and habitat management issues in urban, bog, prairie and forested ecosystems, 2-3 October, 1998, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Zorn, P. and Quirouette, J. 1998. Species probability modelling in the Georgian Bay Islands National Park ecosystem. Research Links 6(3)(Winter 1998):4,7.

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II. Technical reports on population/habitat monitoring, recovery plans, manuals and guidelines related to recovery efforts:

Anonymous. 1997. Obtaining a blood sample from the ventral caudal tail vein in snakes and lizards. Vet. Tech. June 1997:442.

Aruba Department of Agriculture, Husbandry & Fisheries. 1992. Aruba Island Rattlesnake (Crotalus durissus unicolor) Population and Habitat Viability Assessment. Report from the International Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation and Research of the Aruba Island Rattlesnake, Palm Beach, Aruba Island: Aruba Department of Agriculture, Husbandry & Fisheries, Captive Breeding Specialist Group (CBSG/SSC/IUCN) and the American Association of Zoological Parks and Aquariums.

Austin, J. 2004a. Ex Situ Conservation and Translocations in Species Recovery: Toward a National Policy and Guidelines for Canada. Prepared for the Canadian Wildlife Service, November 2004. vii, 59pp.+appdx.

Austin, J. 2004b. A Discussion Paper and Prospectus for Recovery of Tallgrass Massasaugas. Prepared for the Massasauga Recovery Team, March, 2004. 34pp.

Bank, F.G., Irwin, C.L., Evink, G.L., Gray, M.E., Hagood, S., Kinar, J.R., Levy, A., Paulson, D., Ruediger, B., Sauvajot, R.M., Scott, D.J. and White, P., and American Trade Initiatives, Inc., and Avalon Integrated Services, Inc. 2002. Wildlife Habitat Connectivity Across European Highways.  Prepared for the Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation, the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, and the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (Panel 20-36) of the Transportation Research Board, August 2002. 48pp, with summary.

Brennan, J.M. 2004a. Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake Sistrurus catenatus catenatus Population Viability in the Ojibway Prairie Complex, Windsor/LaSalle, Ontario, Canada. Prepared by ELUTIS Modelling and Consulting Inc. for Environment Canada, 12 July, 2004. 15pp.

Brennan, J.M. 2004b. Population Viability of the Black Rat Snake, Elaphe obsoleta obsoleta, in the Frontenac Axis, ON, Canada. Prepared by ELUTIS Modelling and Consulting Inc. for Environment Canada, 1 July, 2004. 31pp.

Bury, R.B. and Hyde, E.J. 2003. Exploring Fire Effects of Amphibian Communities. Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center. http://fresc.usgs.gov/products/fire/index.html

Casper, G.S., Anton, T.G., Hay, R.W., Holycross, A.T., King, R.S., Kingsbury, B.A., Mauger, D., Parent, C., Phillips, C.A., Resetar, A., Seigel, R.A. and Wilson, T.P. 2001. Recommended Standard Survey Protocol for the Eastern Massasauga, Sistrurus catenatus catenatus.  Endangered Species Division, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Region 3. 9pp.
http://midwest.fws.gov/Endangered/reptiles/mass-surv-prot.pdf
http://midwest.fws.gov/Endangered/reptiles/eama-survey.html

COSEWIC. 2002. Canadian Species at Risk, November 2002. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. 37pp.

Crowe, A.S. 1999. Groundwater Studies in Support of the Wainfleet Bog Restoration Program: summary of the June 14-25, 1999 drilling program. National Water Research Institute, Canada Centre for Inland Waters, Burlington, ON. 2pp.+fig.

Crowe, A.S. and Smith, J.E. 1999. Groundwater Studies in Support of the Wainfleet Bog Restoration Program. National Water Research Institute, Canada Centre for Inland Waters, Burlington, ON, and Department of Geography and Geology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON. 5pp.+map.

Dalman, M., Lepitzki, D.A.W. and Pacas, C. 2002. Appendix II: Communications Strategy for the Endangered Banff Springs Snail. February 21, 2002. 19pp.

Didiuk, A.B. 2000. Canadian Forces Base Suffield National Wildlife Area Wildlife Inventory: Reptile and Amphibian Component Report. Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment Canada, Prairie and Northern Region: Edmonton, Alberta. March 2000. v, 68pp.+appdx.

Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake Recovery Team, 2005. Guidelines for Identifying Significant Portions of the Habitat, And Significant Wildlife Habitat, For the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake In Eastern Georgian Bay And Bruce Peninsula Populations, Ontario. Version 1.0. February, 2005. 20pp.

Eastern Massasauga Recovery Team. 2003. National Massasauga Recovery Strategy. (Updated version) February 2003. 23pp.

Environment Canada. 2004. How Much Habitat Is Enough? A Framework for Guiding Habitat Rehabilitation in Great Lakes Areas of Concern. Second Edition. Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment Canada. http://www.on.ec.gc.ca/wildlife/docs/pdf/habitatframework-e.pdf

Environment Canada. 1999. Eastern massasauga rattlesnake (Sistrurus catenatus catenatus). RENEW Report No.9, Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment Canada. p.31.

Environment Canada. 1997. RENEW Report No.7. Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment Canada. 24pp.

Environment Canada and the U.S. Department of the Interior. 2001. Conserving Borderline Species: A Partnership Between the United States and Canada. Framework for Cooperation between the U.S. Department of the Interior and Environment Canada in the Protection and Recovery of Wild Species at Risk. 25pp. http://www.speciesatrisk.gc.ca/publications/cbs/default_e.cfm

Hines, D. 1989a. Recovery Planning Guidelines for Endangered and Threatened Species. Prepared for RENEW, Canadian Wildlife Service. 18pp.

Hines, D. 1989b. RENEW Operating Procedures. Prepared for the Canadian Wildlife Service. 11pp.

Howe, E. 2002. Population Viability Analysis: Concepts and Application to the Conservation and Recovery of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake. Prepared for the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake Recovery Team. 116pp.

Hyde, E., Bury, R.B. and Major, D.J. 2003. Fire bibliography. 313 entries. http://fresc.usgs.gov/products/fire/firebiblio.html

IUCN/SSC Re-introduction Specialist Group, The. 1998. IUCN Guidelines for Re-introductions. IUCN: Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. 9pp.

Johnson, G., Parent, C., Kingsbury, B., Seigel, R., King, R. and Szymanski, J. 2000. The Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake: A Handbook for Land Managers. Fish and Wildlife Service, Fort Snelling MN. 52pp.+ appdx.  http://midwest.fws.gov/Endangered/reptiles/eama-mgmt-guide.pdf

Kovács, T., Korsós, Z., Rehák, I., Corbett, K. and Miller, P. (eds.). 2002. Population and Habitat Viability Assessment for the Hungarian Meadow Viper (Vipera ursinii rakosiensis). Workshop report, Apple Valley, MN: IUCN/SSC Conservation Breeding Specialist Group.

László, J. 1973. Practical sex recognition of snakes by method of probing with furmont reptile probes. San Antonio Zoological Gardens and Aquarium, San Antonio, TX. 2pp.

Lavers, A. 2003. Communication Action Plan For the Recovery of Blanding’s Turtles (Nova Scotia population) -- Supplement to the National Recovery Plan for the Blanding’s Turtle (Emyodidea blandingii) Nova Scotia Population. Prepared for the Blanding’s Turtle Recovery Team, December 2003.

Lentini, A. 2001. Captive Management Recommendations for the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake (Version 2001.10), Toronto Zoo: Toronto, ON. 18pp.

Legge, J.T. 1996. Final Report on the Status and Distribution of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake (Sistrurus catenatus catenatus) in Michigan. Michigan Natural Features Inventory, Department of Natural Resources, Lansing, Michigan. 17 pp.

Linke, T. 1984. The Summer Movements and Habitat Preferences of the Eastern Massasauga (Sistrurus catenatus catenatus) on Beausoleil Island. Georgian Bay Islands National Park. 23 pp. + appdx.

Lougheed, S.C. 2004. Conservation Genetics of the Isolated Ojibway/LaSalle Complex Massasauga Rattlesnake Population. Prepared for the Massasauga Recovery Team, March 2004. 17pp.

McGuire, M. 2004. Evaluation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake Public Education and Outreach Program in the Bruce Peninsula and Eastern Georgian Bay Region (Final Report), October 25, 2004. iii, 19pp.+appdx.

Mehren, K.G. (ed.) 1998. Wildlife Disease Investigation Manual (selectively edited for venomous reptiles), Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre. 12pp.

Middleton, J. and Chu, J.Y. 2004. Population Viability Analysis (PVA) of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, Sistrurus catenatus catenatus, in Georgian Bay Islands National Park and Elsewhere in Canada. Prepared for the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake Species Recovery Team, January 2004. 52pp.

Miller, P. 2005.  Population Viability Assessment for the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake (Sistrurus catenatus catenatus) on the Bruce Peninsula, Ontario, Canada. In Massasauga Recovery Team (eds.) Third International Symposium and Workshop on Conservation of the Massasauga (Sistrurus catenatus): Population Viability and Outreach. 2005 October 12-14, Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON.

Mills, D, and Scott, J. 2000. Final Report on the Status of Sistrurus catenatus catenatus in Wainfleet Bog, July and August 2000. Prepared for the Eastern Massasauga Recovery Team. 38pp.

Newfoundland Marten Education Committee. 2004. Communication Strategy (Revised 2003-2004). 12pp.

Niagara Peninsula Conservation Authority. 1997. Wainfleet Bog Management Plan. NPCA: Allanburg, ON.

Nuttall, D. 2004. Conservation of the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake (Sistrurus catenatus catenatus): Mitigating Roadkill Through Ecopassage Design. Prepared for the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake Recovery Team. December 2004. 70pp.

Ojibway Nature Centre. Search-Capture Data Sheet. 2pp.

Oldham, M. and Weller, W. 1991. Ontario Herpetofaunal Summary (OHS) Records of the Eastern Massasauga (Sistrurus catenatus catenatus) in Ontario, Ontario Field Herpetologists: Cambridge, ON. 28pp.

Parsons, H.J. 1984. Resource management study of the Massasauga in Georgian Bay Islands National Park, including a review of the resource management plan for amphibians and reptiles in Georgian Bay Islands National Park. Parks Canada, Cornwall, Ontario. 73 pp.

Pither, R. 2003. Contingency Plan for the Management of the LaSalle Massasauga Rattlesnakes. Prepared for the Massasauga Recovery Team. 28pp.

Possingham, H.P., Andelman, S.J., Noon, B.R., Trombulak, S. and Pulliam, H.R. 2001. Making smart conservation decisions. (manuscript to be published) In M.E. Soulé and G.H. Orians (eds.) Conservation Biology: Research Priorities for the Next Decade. Island Press: Washington, D.C.

Prior, K. 1996. Population Ecology of the Massasauga (Sistrurus catenatus): Final Report of Fieldwork Conducted at BPNP and FFNP. Report CR96-30, Department of Biology, Carteton University, Ontario. 10 pp.

Prior, K. Procedures for Sampling Blood from Snakes. Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment Canada. 2pp.

Prior, K.A, Black, R., Cedar, K., Frohlich ,K., Gray, B., Johnson, B., Middleton, J., Parent, C., Burrows, F., Pratt, P., Upton, D., Yagi, A., and Zorn, P. 2000. National Recovery Plan for the Eastern Massasauga. (Old version) Prepared for the Recovery of Nationally Endangered Wildlife Committee. 57pp.+appdx.

Rodger, L. 1998. Tallgrass Communities of Southern Ontario: A Recovery Plan. Report prepared for World Wildlife Fund Canada and the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources. vi+69pp.

Rouse, J.D. and Willson, R.J. 2001. Update COSEWIC Status Report on the Eeastern Massasauga, Sistrurus catenatus catenatus (Draft). Prepared for the Committee of the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC), November 2001. v+18pp.

Rudolph, D.C., Burgdorf, S.J., Conner, R.N. and Schaefer, R.R. Preliminary evaluation of the impact of roads and associated vehicular traffic on snake populations in eastern Texas (manuscript). 8pp.

Seburn, D. and Seburn, C. 2000. Conservation Priorities for the Amphibians and Reptiles of Canada. Prepared for World Wildlife Fund Canada and Canadian Amphibian and Reptile Conservation Network, September 2000. 92pp.

Sissons, A. 2005. Pitcher’s Thistle – Lake Huron Dune Grasslands Recovery Plan Communication Strategy. January 2005. ii+11pp.

Snell, E.A. 1987. Wetland Distribution and Conversion in Southern Ontario. Canada Land Use Monitoring Program, Working Paper No. 48. Inland Waters and Lands Directorate, Environment Canada. 53 pp.

Szymanski, J. 1998. Status Assessment for the Eastern Massasauga (Sistrurus c. catenatus) 1998. Endangered Species Division, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service: Fort Snelling, MN. 30pp.+appdx. http://midwest.fws.gov/Endangered/reptiles/mass_sa.pdf

Tews, J. 2004a. Population Viability of the Behr’s Hairstreak in the South Okanagan Valley, BC, Canada. Prepared by ELUTIS Modelling and Consulting Inc. for Environment Canada, 24 May, 2004. 21pp.

Tews, J. 2004b. Plant Population Viability Analysis in Conservation Biology: A Review (Draft). Report prepared for ELUTIS Modelling and Consulting Inc., 29 February, 2004. 13pp.

Tischendorf, L. 2002. Untitled Final Report on landscape computer models. Interdepartmental Research Fund 18610. 32pp.

Weatherhead, P.J. 1984. Resource Management Study of the Massasauga Rattlesnke in Georgian Bay Islands National Park: data analysis and interpretation. Prepared for Parks Canada, Contract GB84-14. Unpubl. Typescript. 20pp.

Weatherhead, P.J. and Blouin-Demers, G. Long-term effects of radiotelemetry on black rat snakes. (manuscript)

Weller, W.F. and Parsons, H.J. 1991. Status Report on the Eastern Massasauga, Sistrurus c. catenatus, in Canada. COSEWIC. 24pp.

West, E. 2000. Eastern massasauga rattlesnake survey data (with maps) in the Georgian Bay area. Collected by the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources. Correspondence.

Yagi, A., Frohlich, K., Tervo, R. and Mills, D. 2000. Wainfleet Bog Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake 2000 Report. 11pp.

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III. Non-refereed magazine articles, general interest books, serials, brochures and websites for public education purposes:

Allen, W.B.Jr. 1998. Pennsylvania's "Black Snapper". Rattlesnake Tales 10(2):4-5.

Allen, W.B.Jr. 1999. Massasauga studies in Pennsylvania. Rattlesnake Tales 11(1):4-5.

Beauvais, T. 2001. Rattlesnakes at risk. Huron River Report Summer Solstice 2001:1,3.

Black, R. 1999. Recovery Team cooperates with MTO to study rattlesnakes along Highway 69. Rattlesnake Tales 11(3):1-2.

Browning, M. 2000. Restoration work at Wainfleet Bog. Rattlesnake Tales 12(2):3-4.

Burridge, M and Metsger, D. 2002. High hopes for the tallgrass prairie: where once they spread across much of North America, today these habitats are among Ontario’s least known and most endangered. Rotunda 35(1):9-11.

Caldwell, P. 1999. A slithering, charming, bouncing boy: If you adopt this bundle of joy, the rattle comes built-in. Cottage Life March 1999:33.

Campbell, J.-A. 2002. GBA working to save massasauga rattlesnake from extinction. GBA Update 12(3):1,4-7.

Canadian Wildlife Service. 2002. Reptile recovery. Recovery 22:1. http://www.speciesatrisk.gc.ca/publications/newsletter/oct02/highlights_e.cfm

Citizens Protecting Ojibway Wilderness, 2005. Save Ojibway! Schwartz Plan an assault on nature. Citizens Protecting Ojibway Wilderness Newsletter 1(March 2005):1-6.

City of Windsor. 2004. Ojibway Nature Centre. P. 48 In City of Windsor Activity Guide, Fall 2004.

Clayton, G. 2002. Reptiles at risk! Rattlesnake Tales 14(3):4-5.

Coulson, D. 2001. An 1830 account of eastern massasauga at 'Forks of the Grand', Upper Canada. Unpublished correspondence originally received by M. Oldham.

Darwen, L. 2002. Ontario’s snakes. Ontario Out Of Doors 34(5):23-27.

Dunn, S. 1998. Eastern massasauga rattlesnakes return to Wainfleet Bog. Rattlesnake Tales 10(2):3-4.

Duvall, D. 1986. Snake, rattle and roll. Natural History 95(11):66-72.

Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake Recovery Team. Wainfleet's Massasauga Rattlesnakes: Recovery and Conservation. Toronto Zoo, Toronto, ON. (Pamphlet)

Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake Recovery Team. Snakes of Ontario: an identification guide to the eastern massasauga rattlesnake and other Ontario snakes. Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake Recovery Team Education Program. (Poster)

Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake Recovery Team and Toronto Zoo. The Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake Stewardship Guide: A Resource and Field Guide for Living With Rattlesnakes in Ontario. Habitat Stewardship Program for Species at Risk. 84pp.

Environment Canada. 2003. Massasauga. Species at Risk Website, Environment Canada. http://www.speciesatrisk.gc.ca/search/speciesDetails_e.cfm?SpeciesID=277

Environment Canada. 2002. GLWCAP (Great Lakes Wetlands Conservation Action Plan) Securement Projects: Wainfleet Bog. Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment Canada. http://www.on.ec.gc.ca/wildlife/wetlands/secureprojects-e.cfm#wainfleet

Environment Canada. 1999. Snake conservation a slippery feat. Science and the Environment Bulletin 15:6-8. http://www.ec.gc.ca/science/sandenov99/article5_e.html,  http://www.ec.gc.ca/science/sharedgifs/bnov99.pdf

Équipe de rétablissement du crotale massasauga de l’Est et Toronto Zoo. Le Guide de Bonne Intendance du Crotale Massasauga de l’Est: Un guide sur le terrain et des resources pour apprendre à cohabiter avec les crotales en Ontario. Le Programme d’intendance de l’habitat des espèces en peril. 84pp.

Fell, D. 1999. "Rattler". Rattlesnake Tales 11(2):2.

Frohlich, K. 2000. Volunteering is rewarding at the Wainfleet Bog. Rattlesnake Tales 12(2):1-2.

Frohlich, K. 1999. Rattlesnake "tales" from the Wainfleet Bog. Rattlesnake Tales 11(3):3.

Froom, B. 1980. The Massasauga Rattlesnake. Federation of Ontario Naturalists (Special Publication no.2): Don Mills, ON. 13pp.

Gage, S.R. 1998. Gotcha! Explore July/August 1998:51-56.

Gillingwater, S. 2001. Stewardship in Ontario. Rattlesnake Tales 13(1):1,3-4

Herriot, T. 2004. Snakes in the suburbs. Canadian Geographic Sept/Oct 2004:86-94.

Hirasawa, J.M. 1999.  “Daddy, there’s a rattler on the sand pile”. Rattlesnake Tales 11(1):1-4.

Hood-Caddy, K. 1996. Tuning into snakes: an Ontario researcher learns more about rattlers. Outdoor Canada March 1996:13.

Johnson, B. 1999. Dogs and snakebite! Rattlesnake Tales 11(2):3.

Johnson, G. 1992. Swamp rattler. Conservationist, 47:26-34.

Jones, C. 2002. Massasauga telemetry in Indian Springs Metropark. Rattlesnake Tales 14(3):7-8.

Killbear Provincial Park, 1998. Killbear Provincial Park to the rescue. Rattlesnake Tales 10(2):3.

Kuipers, S. 2004. Randy the Rattlesnake Activity Book. Ojibway Nature Centre: Windsor, ON. 32pp.

Leahy, S. 1998. The bite report. Cottage Life March 1998:28-29.

MacLeod, H. 2000. What I did on my summer vacation. Rattlesnake Tales 12(1):3-4.

Massasauga Provincial Park, The. 2001. Attention: Rattlesnakes! The Massasauga 2001:4.

Middleton, J. 2000. What's up at Wainfleet. Rattlesnake Tales 12(2):1,3.

Montgomery, S. 1999. The Snake Scientist, Houghton Mifflin Co: Boston, MA. 48pp.

Morden, B. 2000. Salmon Lake brakes-4-snakes! Rattlesnake Tales 12(1):7-8.

Muskoka Field Naturalists, The. 1998. Viper vignettes. Wakerobin November-December 1998:1-2.

Muskoka-Parry Sound Health Unit. 2004. The Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake. http://www.mpshu.on.ca/EnvironmentalHealth/rattlesn.htm

Nasrulla, A. 2001. Patron of the snakes. Cottage Life June 2001:78-81, 128, 130, 133.

Nasrulla, A. 2000. Rattler rules of the road. Cottage Life July/August 2000:25-26.

Nasrulla, A. 1999. Our romantic massasauga rattler enters private life: Casanova sheds his old identity. Cottage Life July/August 1999:47.

New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. 2003. Eastern Massasauga Fact Sheet. http://www.dec.state.ny.us/website/dfwmr/wildlife/endspec/massfs.html

Niagara Peninsula Conservation Authority. 2004. Wainfleet Bog Conservation Update 1(1). 4pp.

Niagara Peninsula Conservation Authority. 2000a. Wainfleet Bog Conservation Area Update March 2000. 4pp.

Niagara Peninsula Conservation Authority. 2000b. The Wainfleet Bog and the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake. Conservation Niagara spring/summer 2000:3.

Niagara Peninsula Conservation Authority. New Initiatives: Wainfleet Bog Ecological Restoration at the Wainfleet Bog Conservation Area. http://www.conservation-niagara.on.ca/wfbog.htm

Ohio Department of Natural Resources. 2003. Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake, Sistrurus catenatus catenatus. ODNR, Division of Wildlife. http://www.dnr.state.oh.us/wildlife/resources/wildnotes/pub374.htm

Ojibway Nature Centre. Reach Out to Wildlife: Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake and Eastern Fox Snake (Pamphlet). Department of Parks and Recreation, Windsor, ON.

Ontario Ministry of Health. 1984. Rattlesnakes in Ontario./Le Serpent à Sonnettes en Ontario (Pamphlet). Ontario Ministry of Health.

Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources.1994. Keep It Wild: Our Natural Heritage Areas. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources. 6pp.

Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources. 1994. Wainfleet Bog. Keep It Wild: Our Natural Heritage Areas. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources. 4pp.

Ontario Ministry of Transportation. 2000. Rattlesnake relocation: north not "rattled" by snakes. Road Talk 6(3):7.

Ontario Parks. 1997. Tracking Rattlesnakes at Killbear. Ontario Parks Annual Report 1996-1997.

Pachnosky, J. 1999. Don’t forget your rubber boots! Rattlesnake Tales 11(2):1.

Parent, C. 2000a. Rattlesnakes found in Killbear Provincial Park! Rattlesnake Tales 12(1):1-2.

Parent, C. 2000b. Swish donation. Rattlesnake Tales 12(1): 2-3.

Parent, C. 2000c. One-hundredth rattlesnake ultrasounded in Killbear Provincial Park! Rattlesnake Tales 12(1):4-5.

Parks Canada. 2003. Bruce Peninsula National Park of Canada: Natural Wonders & Cultural Treasures – Ecology. http://www.pc.gc.ca/pn-np/on/bruce/natcul/natcul2_e.asp

Parks Canada 2004. Georgian Bay Islands National Park of Canada: Natural Wonders & Cultural Treasures – Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake. http://www.pc.gc.ca/pn-np/on/georg/natcul/natcul2_E.asp

Parks Ontario. 1995. Snakes Alive!! Small scale protection. Parks Ontario 1(1):1-2.

Pearce, R. 2002. The eastern massasauga rattlesnake and conservation genetics: resolving the secrets of snake DNA. Rattlesnake Tales 14(3):1-4.

Phillips, C. 2000. The eastern massasauga at Carlyle Lake. Illinois Natural History Survey Reports 363(May/June):1,8.

Pratt, P. and Cedar, K. 1999. Prairie rattlers '99. Rattlesnake Tales 11(3):2.

Pratt, P.D. 2001. Eastern massasauga rattlesnake (Version 03AUG01). Ojibway Nature Centre Home Page. Department of Parks & Recreation, Windsor, Ontario. http://www.ojibway.ca/rattler.htm

Priddle, J. 1998. Rattlesnakes put parks on the map. Aski Winter 1998:19

Prior, K.A. 1998a. A tale of two snakes: conservation of the black rat and the massasauga. Recovery, Spring 1998:10-11.

Prior, K.A. 1998b. La légende de deux reptiles: conservation de la couleuvre obscure et du crotale massasauga. Sauvegarde, Printemps 1998:10-11.

Robinson, C. and family. 2000. An added stress becomes a special bonus. Rattlesnake Tales 12(1):6-7.

Rondina, C. 1995. Snakes alive! Cottage Life November/December 1995:23.

Ronson, A. 2002. Ophidiophobia: the facts about fear. Rattlesnake Tales 14(3):5-7.

Royal Ontario Museum and Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources. 2003. Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake. http://www.rom.on.ca/ontario/risk.php?doc_type=fact&lang=&id=101

Rudisi, M. 2001. Recovery of species at risk in Canada. Rattlesnake Tales 13(1):1-2.

Shine, R. and Mason, R. 2001. Serpentine cross-dressers: some Manitoban garter snakes wear the alluring scent of females. Natural History 2001(2):56-61.

Shirose, L., Bishop, C. and Gendron, A. 1995. Amphibians and Reptiles in Great Lakes Wetlands: Threats and Conservation. Great Lakes Fact Sheet, Environment Canada. 12pp. http://www.on.ec.gc.ca/wildlife/factsheets/fs_amphibians-e.html http://www.on.ec.gc.ca/wildlife/factsheets/pdf/fs_amphibian_e.pdf

Sorrell, J. 1999. Web-based project links recovery teams. Recovery 14:6.

Tervo, R. 2000. Agnes and I. Rattlesnake Tales 12(2):2-3.

Thornton, S. 2000. Getting to know you. Nature Canada Autumn 2000:24-28.

Toronto Zoo. 2001. Rattlesnake Tales (Special Stewardship Edition) 13(1). 4pp.

Toronto Zoo. 2000a. Rattlesnake Tales (Special Wainfleet Edition) 12(2).  4pp.

Toronto Zoo. 2000b. Newsflash: a fall update from the Bog. Rattlesnake Tales 12(2):4.

Toronto Zoo. 2000c. Rattlesnake Tales (Killbear Special Edition) 12(1). 8pp.

Toronto Zoo. 1999a. Sighting of Ontario snakes (survey form). Rattlesnake Tales 11(2):4.

Toronto Zoo. 1999b. Rattlesnake education programme survey. Rattlesnake Tales 11(2):appdx.

Toronto Zoo. Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake Fact Sheet (updated). 2pp.

Toronto Zoo. Snakebite! Who, What, When, Where, Why, What to Do if You Get Bitten (updated). Toronto Zoo and the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake Recovery Team. 3pp.

Toronto Zoo. Snakes of Ontario Identifier, Toronto Zoo: Toronto, ON.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2004. Massasauga, Eastern. USFWS Endangered Species Program. http://ecos.fws.gov/species_profile/SpeciesProfile?spcode=C03P

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2004. Region 3 Candidate Species: Eastern massasauga. Division of Endangered Wildlife, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Region 3 – Great Lakes-Big Rivers. http://midwest.fws.gov/Endangered/lists/candidat.html#massasauga

White, I. Undated. Rolling along. Travel (issue unknown) pp.38-39.

Wildlife Committee, Georgian Bay Association. 2002. All associations can commit to saving snakes and other species at risk. GBA Update 12(3):3.

Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. 2003. Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake (Sistrurus catenatus catenatus). http://www.dnr.state.wi.us/org/land/er/factsheets/herps/masrat.htm

WWF Canada. 2001. Learning to live with rattlesnakes. Working for Wildlife Spring 2001:4.

Wylynko, D. 2001. Experience and respect central to team’s success. Recovery 18:2. http://www.speciesatrisk.gc.ca/publications/newsletter/june01/wylynko_e.cfm

Wylynko, D. 1997. The individual’s role: endangered wildlife a priority for all. Recovery Winter 1997:7.

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IV. Media coverage (arranged in reverse chronological order):

2006 May 6. Human population boom threatens small rattlesnake., by Cameron Smith. Toronto Star (Toronto, ON].

2005 August 24. Rattlesnake warning; rattlesnake sighting causes some concern. Gravenhurst Banner [Gravenhurst, ON]. p.1.

2005 March 29. Citizens Protecting Ojibway Wilderness release inaugural newsletter, by A. McKinnon. Press release by Citizens Protecting Ojibway Wilderness.

2005 March 20. Pretty poison, by B.G. Fry. Edmonton Journal [Edmonton, AB], p.D9.

2005 March 8. Schwarz plan is wrong for Ojibway woodlot: Talking point: a chance to have your say, by A.L. Meloche. The Windsor Star [Windsor, ON], p.A7.

2005 February 25. Snake killer fined, banned from park, by J. Leering. The Mirror [Midland, Penetanguishene, Tiny and Tay, ON].

2005 February 17. Threatened rattlesnake killed in National Park – Update: Midland man banned from National Park for one year and to pay $3,000 to Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake Recovery Team, by G. McMillian. Press release by Georgian Bay Islands National Park.

2005 février le 17. Un serpent à sonnettes protégé est tué dans le Parc National – Mise à jour: Un homme de Midland est banni du Parc National pour une période d’un an et doit verser 3000 $ à l’Equipe de Rétablissement du Massasauga, par G. McMillian. Communiqué du Parc National des Îles-de-la-Baie-Georgienne.

2005 January 8. Beagle pup is hot on the trail of pythons in the Everglades, by N. Santaniello. The Sun-Sentinel [Broward, Palm Beach and Miami-Dade Counties, FL].

2004 December 7. City seeks federal grant to preserve natural area. The Windsor Star [Windsor, ON], p.A2.

2004 October 14. Powerful painkiller from snake venom? By S. Lehman. The Windsor Star [Windsor, ON], p.B6.

2004 October 12. Potential painkiller causing quite a rattle, by S. Lehman. Kingston Whig-Standard [Kingston, ON], p.23.

2004 October 10. Online extras. The Ottawa Citizen [Ottawa, ON], p.A2.

2004 October 8. More than just snake oil. Toronto Star [Toronto, ON], p.F03.

2004 October 7. Saving lives with poison. Daily News [Halifax, NS], p.28.

2004 September. Threatened rattlesnake killed in National Park – Update, by G. McMillian. Press release by Georgian Bay Islands National Park.

2004 September 11. This snake's rattle may be worse than its bite, by J. Langton. Toronto Star [Toronto, ON], p.H5.

2004 September 11. Study: rattlesnakes ignored sanctuary fences, by P. Leakan. Burlington County Times [Willingboro, NJ], p.1, 4A.

2004 September 10. Midland man charged in rattlesnake killing, by R. Bowe. Barrie Examiner [Barrie, ON], p.A3.

2004 September 3. Midland man charged in snake killing, by J. Leering. The Mirror [Midland, Penetanguishene, Tiny and Tay, ON], pp.1, 4.

2004 August 16. Headed for a cottage, nature – and rattlesnakes? By J. Barclay. The Gazette [Montréal, QC], p.D4.

2004 July 26. Reconnecting with nature at Wainfleet bog, by A. Thomson. Niagara Falls Review [Niagara Falls, ON], p.A3.

2004 July 26. Wainfleet bog mined for peat sake, by A. Thomson. The Stanadard [St. Catharines, ON], p.A4.

2004 July 13. Search on for killer of ‘threatened’ snake, by R. Bowe. Free Press [Midland, ON], pp.1, 3B.

2004 July 10. Pesticide slated for wildlife areas: Environmentalists, hunters blast New York state decision; Rare species live in 3,200 hectares to be sprayed by planes. Toronto Star [Toronto, ON], p. L6.

2004 July 8. Threatened rattlesnake killed in National Park, by G. McMillian. Press release by Georgian Bay Islands National Park.

2004 May 29. Trees buffer Lake Huron community; Waterfront site in protected forest, by B. Dexter. Toronto Star [Toronto, ON], p.M20.

2004 April 29. Snakes. The Vancouver Sun [Vancouver, BC], p.E7.

2004 April 24. Park for snakes scares residents: environment project OK in Ballantrae, by H. Volpe. Stouffville Sun-Tribune [Whitchurch-Stouffville, ON], p.1, 22.

2004 April 18. Preacher killed by snake. Daily News [Halifax, NS], p.24.

2004 April 15. Rattlesnake reverend dies from bite. Calgary Herald [Calgary, AB], p.A24.

2004 April 15. Store customer rattled by bite. Calgary Herald [Calgary, AB], p.A18.

2004 April 15. Snake-handling preacher dies of bite. Edmonton Journal [Edmonton, AB], p.A11.

2004 April 15. Minister dies from snakebite during Easter service after refusing treatment. Guardian [Charlottetown, PEI], p.B9.

2004 April 15. Snakebite decides when it’s time to go. Niagara Falls Review [Niagara Falls, ON], p.B11.

2004 April 15. Minister dies of snake bite: Associated Press, New York Times. The Gazette [Montreal, QC], p.A18.

2004 April 15. Snake bite proves fatal for preacher. The Ottawa Citizen [Ottawa, ON], p.C19.

2004 April 15. Rattler’s bite signals reverend’s time to go. The Province [Vancouver, BC], p.A30.

2004 April 15. World report. The Windsor Star [Windsor, ON], p.B2.

2003 August 16. Absurd snake detours. Toronto Star [Toronto, ON], p.F5.

2003 August 2. Zoos provide humane home, by C. Vanderheide-Stolarski. The Windsor Star [Windsor, ON], p.A11.

2003 July 9. Their job is to protect Rocky the rattler, by M. Van Dongen. The Standard [St. Catharines, ON], pp.1, A1.

2003 May 25. Police seize poisonous pet. The Ottawa Citizen [Ottawa, ON], p.A5.

2003 May 25. Man’s deadly pet rattler seized – carefully – from aquarium. Daily News [Halifax, NS], p.11.

2003 May 25. Man faces charges of importing snake. Edmonton Journal [Edmonton, AB], p.A6.

2003 May 24. Officers await antidote before seizing St. John’s snake, by W. Hilliard. The Telegram [St. John’s, NF], pp.A1, 1.

2002 December 16. The sweet side of serpents, by N. Angier. National Post [Don Mills, ON], p.A17.

2002 October 2. Caution urged when in rattler territory, by J. Leering. The Mirror [Midland and Penetanguishene, ON], p.7.

2002 October 2. The long canoe journey comes to an end. Sudbury Star [Sudbury, ON], p.A2.

2002 October. Nature’s ways – Rattlesnakes on the Bruce (They’re quite nice, really), by J. Wellington. The Bruce Peninsula Press October 2002:21.

2002 September 30. City slicker takes a hike; Star reporter hits the trail for a gruelling 4-day trek through Killarney wilderness, by B. Taylor. Toronto Star [Toronto, ON], p.E1.

2002 September 7. Scientist studies rattlesnakes, by S. Giilck. The Sun Times [Owen Sound, ON], p.B2.

2002 August 27. Province kicks in: Hospital funding announced for snake antivenin, by S. Weatherall. Free Press [Midland, ON], p.1-2.

2002 August 23. Another rattler bite in Midland area, by S. Weatherall. Free Press [Midland, ON], p.1, 6A.

2002 August 23. What would you do if you saw a rattlesnake? The Mirror [Midland and Penetanguishene, ON], p.6.

2002 August 21. Sensationalizing the rattlesnake hazard is harmful, by K. Prior. The Ottawa Citizen [Ottawa, ON], p.A13.

2002 August 16. Ontario injects $180,000 in snakebite antidote. The Ottawa Citizen [Ottawa, ON], p.A6.

2002 August16. Ontario injects cash to fight rattlesnake bites. Niagara Falls Review [Niagara Falls, ON], p.A7.

2002 August 16. More protection against snakebites. The Standard [St. Catharines, ON], p.B5.

2002 August 15. Ontario injects funding to help treat poisonous rattlesnake bites. Canadian Press.

2002 August 13. Rattler bites girl, by S. Weatherall. Free Press [Midland, ON], p.1, 5.

2002 August 13. Province downloaded anti-venom cost to hospitals, by S. Weatherall. Free Press [Midland, ON], p.5.

2002 August 13. Cottage country rattled by spate of snake bites, by O. Nelson. National Post [Don Mills, ON], p.A1, A5.

2002 August 13. Rattlesnake attacks prompt cry for antivenin, by O. Nelson. National Post [Don Mills, ON], p.A2.

2002 August 13. People are to blame for recent rash of Massasauga snakebites in Ontario, by B. Currie. The Standard [St. Catharines, ON], p.A5.

2002 August 12. Georgian Bay rattlers biting more often, by S. Cesca. Toronto Star [Toronto, ON], p.A4.

2002 August 12. Snake strikes Ontarians. The Guardian [Charlottetown, PI], p.A5.

2002 August 12. Deadly rattlesnakes strike cottages in Georgian Bay: six reports this summer, by S. Cesca. The Ottawa Citizen [Ottawa, ON], p.A5.

2002 August 12. Rattlesnake bites prompt warning. Times-Colonist [Victoria, BC], p.A6.

2002 August 12. Rattlers strike in cottage country. Daily News [Halifax, NS], p.7.

2002 August 12. Ontario: Georgian Bay cottagers warned about rattlesnakes. National Post [Don Mills, ON], p.A8.

2002 August 12. Six snake bites prompt warning, by S. Cesca. The Standard [St. Catharines, ON], p.A8.

2002 August 12. Six people bitten by venomous snakes. Sudbury Star [Sudbury, ON], p.A5.

2002 August 12. Toronto: potentially deadly snakes bite six. Kingston Whig-Standard [Kingston, ON], pp.1, 9.

2002 August 12. Public warned about snake bites; Rattlesnakes have bitten six around Georgian Bay this year, by S. Cesca. The Windsor Star [Windsor, ON], pp.1, B1.

2002 August 9. Survivor! Snake bite victim drives himself to Midland hospital for treatment, by S. Weatherall. Free Press [Midland, ON], p.1, 7A.

2002 August 7. Rattler sent city teen to hospital: The 13-year-old girl spent the last week recovering from the bite of an eastern massasauga snake, by K. Pedro. The London Free Press [London, ON], p.A1.

2002 July 23. Snakebite cure is scarce, so be careful out there, by S. Weatherall. Free Press [Midland, ON], p.3.

2002 March 7. Follow Up. The Standard [St. Catharines, ON], pp.1, A3.

2001 December 11. Rattlers protected. Niagara Falls Review [Niagara Falls, ON], p.A2.

2001 September 10. Heads shaking over pro-rattler PR, by S. Simon. Los Angeles Times [Los Angeles, CA], p.A10.

2001 June 28. To be bitten by a rattlesnake: ‘After tracking them every day in the field for so many years, I’d had a lot of close calls, but I never let my guard down and I always treated them with a lot of respect.’ Michel Villeneuve, snake-bite victim. Series: What it feels like… , by A. Abel. National Post [Don Mills, ON], p.A16.

2001 June 8. Hunters respect species at risk, by B. Greco. The Standard [St. Catharines, ON], p.A7.

2001 June 5. Wildlife species at risk need our protection. The Standard [St. Catharines, ON], p.A7.

2001 May 16. U.S. officials visit to study rattlesnake programs. Parry Sound North Star [Parry Sound, ON], pp.3, 22.

2001 May 4. This census counts snakes: Conservation authority seeks volunteers to survey bog for secretive rattlers, by A. Taylor. The Standard [St. Catharines, ON], p.A7.

2001 April 26. Corps asks public to help protect snake. The Breese Journal  [Breese, IL], pp.1, 12A.

2001 April 25. Snake issue continues to snag lake projects, by W. Dempsey. Union Banner [Carlyle, IL], pp.1, 4.

2001 April 20. Corps joins group studying area snakes, by B. Bonnell. Morning Sentinel [Waterville, ME], p.8A.

2001 March 29. Snake, rattle and roll, by W. Creighton. The Tribune [Welland, ON], p.A5.

2001 March 27. Learn about rattlesnakes. Niagara Falls Review [Niagara Falls, ON], p.A3.

2000 September 29. Canada’s snakes, frogs and lizards face serious threats to long-term survival, WWF report warns. Canada Newswire [Ottawa, ON], p.1.

2000 August 30. Next time you drive north, brake for the snake, by C.J. Buck. Oakville Beaver [Oakville, ON].

2000 August 3-9. America in jaws of fear as snakes get more bite, by R. McKie. Guardian Weekly, August 3-9 2000:21.

2000 July 22. Off we go to the Wainfleet Bog to look for rattlesnakes, by C. Julian. The Standard [St. Catharines, ON], p.A11.

2000 Summer. Lakes, snakes and barbecues. Salmon Lake Summer 2000:1.

2000 May 28. Sharing space with slithering guests: Family’s Bruce Peninsula property is home to rattlesnakes, by E. Shearer. The Toronto Star [Toronto, ON], p. E7.

2000 May 27. Thanks to the combined efforts of Mr. Craft’s and Mr. Roslinsky’s grade four class, …. Parry Sound Beacon Star [Parry Sound, ON] p.5.

2000 May 27. Groups working together to promote conservation of rattlesnake. Parry Sound Beacon Star [Parry Sound, ON] p.13.

2000 May 5-7. Seguin township council minutes. Parry Sound Beacon Star (Weekend Shopper) [Parry Sound, ON] pp.1,8.

2000 April 5. Rattlesnake survey. Brock News [St. Catharines, ON], p.2.

2000 Spring. Brake for snakes campaign launched in Salmon Lake area. Foley Township, p.59-60.

1999 October 16. Study maps children’s feelings about reptiles: Biologists attempt to understand attitudes in bid to reverse declining, disappearing species, by D. Jacobs. The Ottawa Citizen [Ottawa, ON], p.A10.

1999 June 7. SCIENCE TEASERS – Issue 4. Canada Newswire [Ottawa, ON], p.1.

1999 Spring/summer. Rattlesnake recovery. Brock Research 7(3):3.

1999 April 8. Brock helps save the massasauga rattlesnake, by B. Green. The Brock Press [St. Catharines, ON], p.5.

1999 April 7. Experts sign on for snake study. The Voice of Pelham [Pelham, ON], p. 11.

1999 March 26. Don’t let snakes rattle you: Eastern Massasauga rattler object of weekend adventure, by L. Flim. The Standard [St. Catharines, ON], p.A6.

1999 March 24. Rattlesnake volunteers needed. Brock News [St. Catharines, ON], p.1.

1999 March 8. Politicians trying to endanger 3 species: legislation to help Downstate projects would cut wildlife list, by P. Kendall. Chicago Tribune [Chicago, IL], p.1.

1999 Spring Adopt a snake: Contribute to research of the massasauga rattlesnake, by S. Russell. Georgian Bay Today Spring 1999:27.

1998 October 24. Where rattlesnakes work at not being seen, by L. Newbery. The Toronto Star [Toronto, ON], p.B6.

1998 September 17. Sitting with snakes, by M. Armstrong. The Muskokan [Bracebridge, ON], p.A4.

1998 September 17. The rattlesnakes of Killbear Provincial Park, by M. Armstrong. The Muskokan  [Bracebridge, ON], p.A6.

1998 June 17. Conference aims to educate, by J. Donnelly. Parry Sound North Star [Parry Sound, ON], pp. 1, 15, 17.

1997 September 5. Rattlessnakesss: Part two. Sounding Line 5 September, 1997:4-5, 13.

1997 August 22. Rattlesssnakesss: Part one. Sounding Line 22 August, 1997:4, 12.

1996 September 17. Rattlesnake or just a mistake? by M. Hogben. Kingston Whig-Standard [Kingston, ON], p.10.

1996 September 12. Massasauga rattler found in Pittsburgh, by M. Hogben. Kingston Whig-Standard [Kingston, ON], pp.1, 11.

1996 August 20. Ontario’s shy rattlesnake, by W. Stefaniuk. Toronto Star [Toronto, ON], p.A20.

1996 August 18. Trying to save a slippery creature. The Parry Sound Beacon Star [Parry Sound, ON], p.6 ,11.

1995 June 11. Rattlesnake goes to school. The Parry Sound Beacon Star [Parry Sound, ON], p.3.

1995 Summer. Nature club offers education outings this summer. West Parry Sound 25:33.

1995 Summer. Killbear massasauga rattlers: recreation and conservation. Georgian Bay Today, Summer 1995:1.

1994 September 16. Rattlesnake roundup; rattler report. Edmonton Journal [Edmonton, AB].

1994 May 21. Broken back doesn’t stop snake, by K. Chubb. Kingston Whig-Standard [Kingston, ON], p.13.

1994 May 4. Mixups usually deadly for eastern fox snake, by S. Hill. The Windsor Star [Windsor, ON], p.A4.

1994 March 7. Wainfleet bog on protected list, by P. Forsyth. The Standard [St. Catharines, ON].

1992 September 13. On the trail of the massasauga rattler. Toronto Star [Toronto, ON], p.B4.

1992 September 8. Sssnakes alive!!! Warden stalks Tobermory to ensure rattlers’ safety, by D. Pugliese. The Ottawa Citizen [Ottawa, ON], p.A3.

1992 June 13. Don’t be rattled: Ontario’s Massasauga is very shy, endangered – and highly protected, by I. Bailey. The Windsor Star [Windsor, ON], p.E2.

1992 May 31. Don’t kill Massasauga rattlers, urges curator, by I. Bailey. The Ottawa Citizen [Ottawa, ON], p.E4.

1992. Biologist responds to snake story, by K. Prior. Georgian Bay Today (issue unknown).

1991-92 Winter. Mouse bites snake, by K. Sutton. Georgian Bay Today Winter 1991-92:5.

1991 August 22. Grizzlies join endangered list. The Windsor Star [Windsor, ON], p.B7.

1991 June 19. Reptiles at risk. Daily News [Halifax, NS], p.15.

1991 June 19. Snakes, turtle added to endangered list. The Gazette [Montréal, QC], p.B1.

1991 June 19. 193 types of wildlife in danger. Calgary Herald [Calgary, AB], p.A9.

1991 June 10. 20 more species now endangered. Toronto Star [Toronto, ON], p.A3.

1990 June 10. Boardroom snake experiment helped put risk in perspective, by B.K. MacKay. Toronto Star [Toronto, ON], p. G11.

1991 May 23. Zoo out to change rattlers' image. Toronto Star [Toronto, ON].

1988 August 10. Rattlesnake bite lands Barrie man in hospital. Toronto Star [Toronto, ON].

1988 May 2. Watch for hazards in cottage country. The Gazette [Montréal, QC], p.B12.

1988 April 30. Sidewalks to nowhere await the approach of civilization, by H. Daniszowski. The Windsor Star [Windsor, ON], p.A5.

Undated. Desperately seeking snakes, by B. McAndrew. Newspaper title and page no. unknown.

Undated. Please brake for snakes. Guelph Alumnus (issue unknown) p.8.

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